Stephan Ladislaus finite

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Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher, lithograph by Joseph Kriehuber 1848

Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher (born June 24, 1804 in Preßburg , † March 28, 1849 in Vienna ) was an Austrian botanist , numismatist and sinologist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is “ Endl. "

He was director of the Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna and the Botanical Museum from 1839–1849 .

Live and act

Endlicher originally studied theology and received minor orders. In 1828 he got a job at the court library in Vienna , whose manuscript collection he rearranged. He studied natural sciences, especially botany and East Asian languages. He wrote basic Chinese grammar for a long time. In 1833 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . From 1840 he was professor and director of the botanical garden. He wrote the most comprehensive representation of the plant kingdom according to a natural system at the time. At Endlicher's suggestion, the Basics of Botany, published together with Franz Unger in 1843 , contain text images for the first time. Endlicher was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1842 and to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1845 . With Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall , he pushed through the founding of the imperial academy of science in 1847 .

Endlicher's greatest botanical merit is the natural plant system he established, which he presented in his work Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita (Vienna 1836–1850) and later in his Enchiridion botanicum exhibens classes et ordines plantarum (Leipzig 1841). Because of its completeness in the characteristics of the families and genres, this work has remained indispensable up to the most recent times.

As a collaborator, Endlicher also took part in the edition of Robert Brown 's Vermischte botanische Schriften , obtained by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck , in Eduard Friedrich Poeppig's Nova genera ac species plantarum , in the annals of the Vienna Museum of Natural History and in the Enumeratio plantarum, quas in Nova Hollandia collegit . From 1840 he edited the Flora Brasiliensis with Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius .

In addition to the atlas of China after recording the Jesuit missionaries (Vienna 1843, 6 booklets) and a map of the province of Tche Kiang , he made a number of valuable contributions to the knowledge of older German and classical literature as well as the Hungarian historical sources, such as two poems by Priscian (Vienna 1828), the fragments of an old German translation of the Gospel of Matthew from the Mondsee fragments (with Hoffmann von Fallersleben , Vienna 1834; 2nd edition, with Hans Ferdinand Maßmann , 1841), the Analecta grammatica (Vienna 1836) and the beginnings of Chinese grammar (Vienna 1845).

Honors

In 1932 the Endlichergasse in Vienna- Favoriten (10th district) was named after him.

The plant genus Endlicheria from the laurel family (Lauraceae) is named after him, as well as Endlicher's pike ( Polypterus endlicherii ), an African freshwater fish.

Works

  • with Heinrich Schott : Meletemata Botanica. Gerold, Vienna 1832, ( digitized version ).
  • Prodromus Florae Norfolkicae sive Catalogus Stirpium quae in Insula Norfolk Annis 1804 et 1805 a Ferdinando Bauer collectae et depictae nunc in Museo Caesareo Palatino Rerum Naturalium Vindobonae servantur. Beck, Vienna 1833, ( digitized; PDF; 7.4 MB )
  • Atakta Botanika. Nova Genera et Species Plantarum descripta et iconibus illustrata. Beck, Vienna 1833 [–1835], ( digitized version ).
  • with Eduard Poeppig : Nova genera ac species plantarum quas in Regno Chilensi peruviano et in terra Amazonica Annis MDCCCXXVII Ad MDCCCXXXII descripsit iconibusque illustravit. 3 volumes. Hofmeister, Leipzig 1835–1845, (digital copies: Volume 1 , Volume 2 , Volume 3 ).
  • Genera Plantarum secundum Ordines naturales disposita. 18 parts. Beck, Vienna 1836–1850.
  • Notes on the flora of the South Sea islands. In: Annals of the Vienna Museum of Natural History. Vol. 1, 1836, ISSN  0257-6112 , pp. 129-190, ( digitized version (PDF; 25.0 MB) ).
  • Iconographia generum plantarum. Beck, Vienna [1837–] 1838 [–1841], doi : 10.5962 / bhl.title.64328 .
  • Outlines of a new theory of plant production. Beck, Vienna 1838, ( digitized version ).
  • Stirpium Australasicarum Herbarii Hügeliani Decader tres. In: Annals of the Vienna Museum of Natural History. Vol. 2, 1840, pp. 189–211, ( digital version (PDF; 1.5 MB) ).
  • Enchiridion Botanicum exhibens Classes et Ordines Plantarum accedit Nomenclator Generum et Officinalium vel usualium indicatio. Engelmann et al., Leipzig et al. 1841, ( digitized version ).
  • The medicinal plants of the Austrian Pharmacopoeia. A handbook for doctors and pharmacists. Gerold, Vienna 1842, ( digitized version ).
  • with Franz Unger : Principles of Botany. Gerold, Vienna 1843, ( digitized version ).
  • The beginnings of Chinese grammar. Gerold, Vienna 1845, ( digitized version ).
  • Synopsis Coniferarum. Scheitlin & Zollikofer, St. Gallen 1847, ( digitized version ).
  • Rerum Hungaricarum Monumenta Arpadiana. Scheitlin & Zollikofer, St. Gallen 1849, ( digitized version ).
  • St. Stephen's Laws. A contribution to Hungarian legal history. Kuppitsch, Vienna 1849, ( digitized version ).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Member History: Stephan Endlicher. American Philosophical Society, accessed August 1, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names. 2 parts. Extended Edition. Freie Universität Berlin - Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 , doi : 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Finally, Stephan Ladislaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian botanist and sinologist
DATE OF BIRTH June 24, 1804
PLACE OF BIRTH Pressburg
DATE OF DEATH March 28, 1849
Place of death Vienna