# Tesla (unit)

Physical unit
Unit name Tesla
Unit symbol ${\ displaystyle \ mathrm {T}}$
Physical quantity (s) Magnetic flux density
Formula symbol ${\ displaystyle B}$
dimension ${\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {M \; T ^ {- 2} \; I ^ {- 1}}}}$
system International system of units
In SI units ${\ displaystyle \ mathrm {1 \, T = 1 \; {\ frac {kg} {A \, s ^ ​​{2}}} = 1 \; {\ frac {Vs} {m ^ {2}}}} }$
In CGS units ${\ displaystyle \ mathrm {1 \, T \, {\ mathrel {\ hat {=}}} \, 10 \, 000 \; Gs}}$
Named after Nikola Tesla
Derived from Weber , square meter

The tesla ( T ) is a derived SI unit of measurement for magnetic flux density . The unit was named after Nikola Tesla in 1960 at the Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures (CGPM) in Paris .

${\ displaystyle \ mathrm {1 \, T = 1 \, {\ frac {V \, s} {m ^ {2}}} = 1 \, {\ frac {N} {A \, m}} = 1 \, {\ frac {Wb} {m ^ {2}}} = 1 \, {\ frac {kg} {A \, s ^ ​​{2}}}}}$

## Relationship with CGS units

In the CGS system of units , which is still mainly used in theoretical physics , the corresponding unit is the Gauss (Gs or G):

${\ displaystyle \ mathrm {1 \, Gs \, {\ mathrel {\ hat {=}}} \, 10 ^ {- 4} \, T}}$

Due to the different size systems , however, the difference between the two units is not just one factor (hence the sign ). The geophysics also used the unit Gamma (γ):

${\ displaystyle \ mathrm {1 \, \ gamma \, {\ mathrel {\ hat {=}}} \, 10 ^ {- 9} \, T = 1 \, nT}}$

## Size examples

Examples of different magnetic flux densities in nature and in technology:

Magnetic
flux density

in Tesla
example
10 −10 to 10 −8 Magnetic fields in the interstellar medium and around galaxies
5 · 10 −5 Earth's magnetic field in Germany
10 −4 Permissible limit value for electromagnetic fields at 50 Hz (household electricity) in Germany according to the 26th BImSchV
0.002 At a distance of 1 cm from a 100 A current, e.g. B. Battery current when starting a car, see Ampère's law
0.1 Commercially available horseshoe magnet
0.25 A typical sunspot
1.61 Maximum flux density of a NdFeB magnet (neodymium-iron-boron). Typically, the magnets are manufactured with flux densities between 1 T and 1.5 T. NdFeB magnets are currently the strongest permanent magnets
2.45 Saturation polarization of Fe 65 Co 35 , the highest value of a material at room temperature.
0.35 to 3.0 Magnetic resonance tomograph for use on humans. Devices with 7.0 T and more are also used for research purposes
8.6 Superconducting dipole magnets of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in operation
25.9 Currently the strongest superconducting magnet in NMR spectroscopy (1.1 GHz spectrometer)
32 Strongest magnet based on (high temperature) superconductors
45.5 The most powerful permanent electromagnet, hybrid of superconducting and conventional electromagnets
100 Pulse coil - highest flux density without destroying the copper coil, generated for a few milliseconds
1200 Highest flux density generated by electromagnetic flux compression (controlled destruction of the arrangement, in the laboratory)
2800 Highest flux density generated by explosively driven flux compression (outdoors)
10 6 to 10 8 Magnetic field on a neutron star
10 8 to 10 11 Magnetic field on a magnetar

Wiktionary: Tesla  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

## Individual evidence

1. ^ Resolution 12 of the 11th CGPM (1960). In: bipm.org. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, accessed on August 16, 2019 . The name was proposed by the International Committee (CIPM) in 1956 (Resolution 3, see - Minutes of the meeting, page 83)
2. see e.g. B. Magnetic fields in spiral galaxies @ mpg.de 2014 (PDF 1.4 MB); "There are theories that the intergalactic medium is filled with magnetic fields, but they must be much weaker than the galactic fields", Cosmic Magnetic Fields. Unexpected order in space Ruhr-Universität Bochum 2018, accessed November 8, 2018
3. LHC dipole magnet functional principle. Retrieved August 4, 2011 .
4. Heinz M. Hiersig (Ed.): Lexicon of engineering knowledge basics . Springer, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-95765-9 , pp. 242 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
5. CERN FAQ - LHC the guide. (PDF; 27.0 MB) February 2009, accessed on August 22, 2010 (English).
6. ^ Bruker Corporation: Bruker Announces World's First Superconducting 1.1 Gigahertz Magnet for High-Resolution NMR in Structural Biology. Retrieved May 6, 2019 .
7. Ascend 1.1 GHz. Retrieved May 6, 2019 .
8. ^ Message in Magnetics
9. David C. Larbalestier et al .: 45.5-tesla direct-current magnetic field generated with a high-temperature superconducting magnet . In: Nature . No. 570 , June 12, 2019, p. 496-499 , doi : 10.1038 / s41586-019-1293-1 (English).
10. Strongest non-destructive magnetic field: world record set at 100-tesla level. In: lanl.gov. Los Alamos National Laboratory , March 22, 2012, archived from the original on July 19, 2014 ; accessed on November 12, 2019 .
11. D. Nakamura, A. Ikeda, H. Sawabe, YH Matsuda, S. Takeyama: Record indoor magnetic field of 1200 T generated by electromagnetic flux compression . In: Review of Scientific Instruments . tape 89 , 2018, p. 095106 , doi : 10.1063 / 1.5044557 .
12. AI Bykov, MI Dolotenko, NP Kolokolchikov, VD Selemir, OM Tatsenko: VNIIEF achievements on ultra-high magnetic fields generation . In: Physica B: Condensed Matter . tape 294-295 , 2001, pp. 574-578 , doi : 10.1016 / s0921-4526 (00) 00723-7 .