Thryptomene

Thryptomene
	Thryptomene saxicola
Systematics
	Eurosiden II
Order :	Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
Family :	Myrtle family (Myrtaceae)
Subfamily :	Myrtoideae
Tribe :	Chamelaucieae
Genre :	Thryptomene
Scientific name
	Thryptomene
	Final

Thryptomene is a genus of plants withinthe myrtle family (Myrtaceae). All since 2014 about 47 species are originally only found in Australia . Some varieties are mainly used as cut flowers .

description

Illustration from Transactions and proceedings and report of the Philosophical Society of Adelaide, South Australia, 1917 by Thryptomene elliottii

Appearance and leaves

Thryptomene species grow as evergreen shrubs that reach heights of 0.3 to 1.5 meters. Only one species grows tree-like and reaches heights of up to 2.5 meters. They contain essential oils . The above-ground parts of the plant are bare.

The opposite (or cross-opposite) leaves on the branches are at most short-stalked or sessile. The herbaceous or leathery, simple, tiny to relatively small leaf blades are dotted with glands (especially visible on the underside of the leaves) and have an aromatic scent.

Inflorescences and flowers

The reduced inflorescences usually contain only one, rarely two or three flowers over very short to long inflorescence shafts in the leaf axils in the upper area of the branches. Each flower stands over a pair of durable or quickly perishable bracts that can be fused together.

The relatively small hermaphrodite flowers are usually radial symmetry and usually five, rarely six-fold with a double flower envelope . The flower cup (hypanthium) that has grown together with the ovary is smooth, ribbed or wrinkled. The five or rarely six free sepals are corolla-like and circular. The five or rarely six free petals are entire, elliptical, egg or circular and can be nailed. The colors of the petals are white to pink. The stamens are usually straight in the bud or rarely curved slightly inward. Usually in one or two, rarely several circles, five or six more or less identical stamens are arranged. These are all fertile; only in Thryptomene maisonneuvei is sometimes half converted to staminodes. The thread-like stamens are inserted on the edge of the flower cup, free from one another and not grown together with the petals. The look-alike dust bag open with longitudinal slots and do not project beyond the petals. There is a discus . Two carpels are one under permanent, single-chamber ovary grown. Two or four anatropic ovules are usually arranged in basal or lateral placentation . The stylus ends in a simple scar.

Fruits and seeds

The dry closing fruits are mostly single-seeded, rarely two-seeded nut fruits . The ellipsoidal kidney-shaped seeds contain a curved embryo with two cotyledons ( cotyledons ). There is no endosperm .

Chromosome number

The basic chromosome number is n = 11. In some species there is diploidy , i.e. 2n = 22; However, polyploidy with different chromosome sets depending on the species was also found.

ecology

The pollination is done by insects ( Entomophilie ) or birds ( ornithophily ).

Spread and endangerment

The genus Thryptomene is widespread with about 32 species in Australia ; Species occur in all states including Tasmania . They are found in southern, central and northeastern Australia.

Only Thryptomene wittweri is classified as "Vulnerable" = "at risk". No other species is considered endangered on mainland Australia. In Tasmania, Thryptomene micrantha is rated as "Vulnerable" = "at risk".

Branch with leaves and flowers of Thryptomene baeckeacea

Branch with leaves and flowers of Thryptomene calycina

Branch with leaves and flowers of Thryptomene hyporhytis

The variety Thryptomene saxicola 'FC Payne'

Branch with leaves and flowers of Thryptomene stenophylla

Systematics

The genus Thryptomene was established in 1840 by Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher in the article Stirpium Australasicarum Herbarii Hugeliani Decades III - December 1838 in Annals of the Vienna Museum of Natural History , Volume 2, p. 192. Type species is Thryptomene australis Endl. The generic name Thryptomene is derived from the Greek word thryptomene for "reduced" or "to make small". This refers to the low habitus of most species.

Synonyms for Thryptomene Endl. nom. cons. are: Thryptomene sect. Paryphantha (Schauer) Kuntze , Paryphantha Schauer , Typtomene F.Muell. orth. var., Tryptomene F. Muell. orth. var., Thryptomene sect. Euthryptomene Kuntze , Thryptomene sect. Paryphantha (Schauer) Stapf , Astraea Schauer , Bucheria Heynh. , Thryptomene sect. Astraea Stapf , Gomphotis Raf.

The genus Thryptomene belongs to the tribe Chamelaucieae in the subfamily Myrtoideae within the family of Myrtaceae .

There have been around 47 types of Thryptomene since 2014 :

Thryptomene australis Endl. : The two subspecies occur only in the Australian state of Western Australia .
Thryptomene baeckeacea F. Muell. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene biseriata J.W. Green : It occurs in the Australian states of Western Australia and South Australia .
Thryptomene caduca Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene calcicola Rye : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene calycina (Lindl.) Stapf (Syn .: Thryptomene calycina (Lindl.) JMBlack , Tryptomene mitchelliana F.Muell. Orth. Var., Thryptomene mitchelliana (Schauer) F.Muell. , Thryptomene thymifolia Stapf ): It comes in the Australian States of Victoria and South Australia and is believed to be extinct in the latter state.
Thryptomene costata Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2001 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene cuspidata (Turcz.) JWGreen (Syn .: Thryptomene tenella Benth. Nom. Illeg., Nom. Superfl.): It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene dampieri Rye (Syn .: Thryptomene micrantha (DC.) CAGardner nom. Illeg.): It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene decussata (W.Fitzg.) JWGreen : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene denticulata (F. Muell.) Benth. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene duplicata Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2001 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene elliottii F. Muell. (Syn .: Thryptomene whiteae J.M.Black ): It occurs in the Australian states of Western Australia and South Australia.
Thryptomene eremaea Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2001 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene ericaea F. Muell. (Syn .: Tryptomene ericaea F.Muell. Orth. Var., Thryptomene ericea A.D.Chapm. Orth. Var.): It occurs only in the Australian state of South Australia.
Thryptomene globifera Rye : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene hexandra C.T.White : It occurs in the Australian states of Queensland , New South Wales and in the Northern Territory .
Thryptomene hubbardii Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene hyporhytis Turcz. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene johnsonii F. Muell. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene kochii E. Pritz. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene longifolia J.W. Green : It occurs only in the Australian state of South Australia.
Thryptomene micrantha Hook. f. (Syn .: Thryptomene miqueliana F. Muell. , Tryptomene miqueliana F. Muell. Orth. Var.): It occurs in the Australian states of Victoria as well as South Australia and in Tasmania .
Thryptomene mucronulata Turcz. (Syn .: Thryptomene mucromulata Turcz. Orth. Var., Thryptomene johnsonii F.Muell. , Thryptomene prolifera Turcz. , Thryptomene dielsiana E. Pritz . , Thryptomene davisiae Diels ): It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene naviculata J.W. Green : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene nealensis J.W.Green : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene nitida Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene oligandra F. Muell. (Syn .: Tryptomene oligandra F. Muell. Orth. Var., Thryptomene oligandron Stapf orth. Var., Thryptomene oligandra F. Muell. Var. Oligandra ): It occurs only in the Australian state of Queensland.
Thryptomene orbiculata Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene parviflora (Benth.) Domin : It occurs only in the Australian state of Queensland.
Thryptomene pinifolia Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene podantha Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene racemulosa Turcz. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene remota A.R.Bean : It occurs only in the Australian Northern Territory .
Thryptomene repens Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene salina Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2001 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene saxicola (A.Cunn. Ex Hook.) (Rarely called camphor tea shrub): It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene shirleyae Rye : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene spicata Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene stapfii Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene stenophylla E. Pritz. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene striata Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2001 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene strongylophylla F. Muell. ex Benth. : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.
Thryptomene urceolaris F. Muell. : It occurs in the Australian states of Western Australia and South Australia.
Thryptomene velutina Rye & Trudgen : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene wannooensis Rye : It was first described in 2014 from Western Australia.
Thryptomene wittweri J.W. Green : It occurs only in the Australian state of Western Australia.

use

From saxicola Thryptomene and Thryptomene calycina there are several varieties. They are cultivated worldwide and used as cut flowers and are also in the flower trade in Central Europe. Thryptomene saxicola is used as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens.

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Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Peter G. Wilson: Entry in the New South Wales Flora Online . Retrieved January 17, 2013.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k JW Green: Entry in the Electronic Flora of South Australia genus Fact Sheet . Retrieved January 17, 2013.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u HR Coleman: Entry in the Western Australian Flora , last change 2008 . Retrieved January 17, 2013.
^ Thryptomene at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 17, 2013.
↑ EPBC Act List of Threatened Flora . Retrieved January 17, 2013.
↑ Tasmanian Threatened Flora Listing Statement : Thryptomene micrantha Hook.f. - ribbed heathmyrtle : PDF ( Memento of the original from April 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2
↑ Stephanus Endlicher: Stirpium Australasicarum Herbarii Hugeliani Decades III (Mense Decembri 1838) , In: Annalen des Wiener Museum der Naturgeschichte , Volume 2, 1840, p. 192 Boogle-Books-Online.
^ Thryptomene at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 17, 2013.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az Entry in Australian Plant Name Index = APNI . Retrieved January 17, 2013.
^ ^A ^b Thryptomene in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Thryptomene. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 29, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o BL Rye: An update to the taxonomy of some Western Australian genera of Myrtaceae tribe Chamelaucieae. 3. Thryptomene. In: Nuytsia , Volume 24, 2014, pp. 277-279.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e BL Rye, ME Trudgen: A taxonomic revision of Thryptomene section Thryptomene (Myrtaceae). In: Nuytsia , Volume 13, Issue 3, 2001, pp. 518-519.
^ Entry at Australian Native Plants Society (Australia) . Retrieved January 17, 2013.
↑ ^a ^b Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 (therein page 883).

Web links

Commons : Thryptomene - collection of images, videos and audio files

Rodger Elliot: Shrubby Myrtles at Australian Plants Online .

Supplementary literature

JW Green: Thryptomene and Micromyrtus (Myrtaceae) in arid and semi-arid Australia. In: Nuytsia , Volume 3, Issue 2, 1980, pp. 183-205: PDF .

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

[NSWFo-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Peter G. Wilson: Entry in the New South Wales Flora Online . Retrieved January 17, 2013.

[eFSA-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k JW Green: Entry in the Electronic Flora of South Australia genus Fact Sheet . Retrieved January 17, 2013.

[WAF-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u HR Coleman: Entry in the Western Australian Flora , last change 2008 . Retrieved January 17, 2013.

[ChromosomeReports-4] Thryptomene at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 17, 2013.

[EPBCredList-5] EPBC Act List of Threatened Flora . Retrieved January 17, 2013.

[TTFLS-6] Tasmanian Threatened Flora Listing Statement : Thryptomene micrantha Hook.f. - ribbed heathmyrtle : PDF ( Memento of the original from April 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2

[Endlicher-7] Stephanus Endlicher: Stirpium Australasicarum Herbarii Hugeliani Decades III (Mense Decembri 1838) , In: Annalen des Wiener Museum der Naturgeschichte , Volume 2, 1840, p. 192 Boogle-Books-Online.

[tropicos-8] Thryptomene at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 17, 2013.

[APNI-9] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az Entry in Australian Plant Name Index = APNI . Retrieved January 17, 2013.

[GRIN-10] A ^b Thryptomene in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 17, 2013.

[WCSP-11] Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Thryptomene. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 29, 2020.

[Rye2014-12] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o BL Rye: An update to the taxonomy of some Western Australian genera of Myrtaceae tribe Chamelaucieae. 3. Thryptomene. In: Nuytsia , Volume 24, 2014, pp. 277-279.

[Rye2001-13] BL Rye, ME Trudgen: A taxonomic revision of Thryptomene section Thryptomene (Myrtaceae). In: Nuytsia , Volume 13, Issue 3, 2001, pp. 518-519.

[ANPSA-14] Entry at Australian Native Plants Society (Australia) . Retrieved January 17, 2013.

[Botanica2003-15] Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 (therein page 883).