Tiefengruben (Bad Berka)

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Deep pits
City of Bad Berka
Coordinates: 50 ° 53 ′ 50 ″  N , 11 ° 13 ′ 49 ″  E
Height : 340  (328-345)  m above sea level NN
Residents : 253  (Dec. 31, 2008)
Incorporation : April 9, 1994
Postal code : 99438
Area code : 036458
map
Location of deep pits in Bad Berka

Tiefengruben is a district of the city of Bad Berka in the Weimarer Land district .

geography

Tiefengruben is a Rundanger village in the Middle Ilm Valley and has been completely protected as a historical monument since 1976 . The center of the village is the church and the village pond. It is about 4 kilometers from the city center of Bad Berka and about 2.5 kilometers from Tonndorf . Tiefengruben is about 12 kilometers southwest of Weimar and about 17 kilometers southeast of Erfurt as the crow flies.

  • View from the south

  • View from the north

  • Aerial photo (from display board in place 2017)

Plan sketch of the round square village. The former courtyard properties are arranged like pieces of cake around a large inner square, which has been built on for centuries. The plan corresponds roughly to the status before 1945. Residential houses on properties that were already built on in the 17th century are colored red; Residential houses on land that were not built on until much later are colored light red.

history

The first documentary mention is unclear. One theory says that Tiefengruben is mentioned as de Tephengruben in 1289 in a deed of donation from the Weißfrauenkloster in Erfurt . The second theory says that Diephenburnen in a document from Adalbert von Mainz to the Marienstift Erfurt from 1119 is supposed to be the village of Tiefengruben and not the Tiefborntal near Bad Berka.

The history of the village of Tiefengrubens was linked for centuries with the history of Erfurt and the Tonndorf office belonging to the Erfurt area . It is believed that Tiefengruben passed from the rule of the Archbishop of Mainz to the rule of the City Council of Erfurt between 1360 and 1500. Erfurt patricians may have gradually bought up farms and thus brought about the change of rule.

During the German Peasant War , men from deep pits also took part in the peasant uprising in 1525 in the Erfurt area. Kunz Stademan (Stadermann) was one of the leaders in the storming of Tonndorf Castle. He was captured and interrogated in Erfurt. He was able to escape during the trial and has been missing ever since. The farmers who were also accused were beheaded on the Wagd, the Steiger near Erfurt.

After a long legal battle, the Archbishop of Mainz moved in Tiefengruben in 1592 together with other surrounding villages as a resale Mainz fief and ceded the Electoral Mainz feudal rights to the Duke of Saxe-Weimar .

Tiefengruben remained under the rule of the Saxon dukes until 1680. By contract of 1680, the Tiefengruben belonging to the Tonndorf office was returned to Kurmainz.

With the Peace of Lunéville (1801), the secularization of the ecclesiastical states (including Kurmainz) was decided for the purpose of compensation for the loss of territory on the left bank of the Rhine. On May 23, 1802, long before the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , a special treaty was concluded between Prussia and France through which the King of Prussia a. a. Erfurt and the Erfurt area were also awarded. After the battle of Jena and Auerstedt (October 14, 1806), the Erfurt area with deep pits was incorporated into Napoleon's dominion ( Principality of Erfurt ). After the Battle of Leipzig in 1813 and the withdrawal of the French army, Erfurt and the Erfurt area came under Prussian administration again.

As a result of the Congress of Vienna , the Tonndorf office with Tiefengruben was awarded to the new Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . Tiefengruben thus belonged to Saxe-Weimar from 1816 to 1918. After the end of the First World War and the formation of the state of Thuringia in 1920, the place became part of the district of Weimar .

In 1994 Tiefengruben was incorporated into Bad Berka. The district mayor is currently Axel Pollex.

Culture and sights

Buildings

  • The church of St. Nicholas , located in the center of the village next to a pond, was probably built in the 15th century and modernized in 1686. A citizens' initiative is trying to renovate the church.

  • The church

  • View to the altar

  • The organ

  • In the oldest house in the village, the small cafe "Zur Schwarzen Küche" was built.

  • The oldest house in Tiefengruben, built around 1750 (photo from 1982).

  • The demolished house was redesigned into a small café called “Zur Schwarzen Küche”.

  • Noteworthy is the rebuilt "old" village well, called "the Born", northwest of the church. The walled scoop used to be open, as shown by a picture in a book from 1966.
  • At the village pond, the memorial for the fallen and missing of the First World War 1914–1918 was designed by Adolf Brütt (1855–1939) and built from Bad Berka sandstone in 1924/25. The words "IN WAR 1914–1918" (probably before 1970) have been chiseled away from the inscription on the top of the west side.

  • The rebuilt "old" village well, called Der Born

  • Memorial to the fallen and missing of the First World War 1914–1918

Regular events

With the Party.San Metal Open Air , one of the largest European festivals of its kind took place on a meadow near Tiefengruben. Due to the difficult subsoil, the organizer decided to have the festival take place from 2011 on the former Obermehler military airfield near Schlotheim in northern Thuringia. In addition, there are numerous festivals, events and exhibitions as part of the Tiefengruben Cultural Summer, which has been held annually since 1996 .

Awards

  • 1992: 2nd place in the state competition " Our village should be more beautiful "
  • 1993: Silver in the national competition "Our village should be more beautiful"
  • 2000: 1st place in the state competition "Our village has a future"
  • 2001: Gold in the national competition "Our village has a future"

Others

The location is surrounded by orchards . The historical inventory was scientifically documented in the 1990s. It was found that of the 920 trees examined, there was an unusually large number of older and very old fruit tree varieties: 55 apple varieties and 27 pear varieties as well as 6 varieties that were indeterminable at the time. The oldest specific apple variety was first mentioned in 1613 as the royal short stem .

Sons and daughters of the village

  • Cuntz Stadermann was one of the leaders in the storming of Tonndorf Castle in 1525 during the Peasants' War in the Erfurt area. He was captured and interrogated in Erfurt, but was able to escape and is missing. The farmers who were also accused were beheaded on the Wagd, the Steiger near Erfurt.
  • Widow Margarete Förster was burned as an alleged witch on June 4, 1663. She is the only victim of the witch hunt in deep pits .
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Seidler (born April 5, 1802; † April 29, 1879), teacher 1822–1830 in Schöten near Apolda, at the same time cantor at the monastery church in Heusdorf, 1828 co-founder and first musical director of the Apolda Singing Association , teacher and cantor 1830– 1874 in Tiefengruben. He was awarded the silver medal of merit for his services to the community of Tiefengruben.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Willy Keizer: Village chronicle Tiefengruben. (Unpublished).
  2. ↑ Hans Patze , Walter Schlesinger (ed.): History of Thuringia. Volume 5, Part 1, Part 2: Political History in Modern Times (= Central German Research. 48, 5, 1, 2). Böhlau, Cologne et al. 1984, ISBN 3-412-11082-5 , p. 753.
  3. ^ Thuringian ordinance on the dissolution of the city of Tannroda and the communities of Bergern, Meckfeld bei Bad Berka and Tiefengruben and their incorporation into the city of Bad Berka of March 23, 1994 (GVBl p. 383).
  4. ↑ The Rundlingsdorf Tiefengruben. In: Jürgen Postel: Calendar "Weimarer Land". Gutenberg printing house, Weimar 2001.
  5. ↑ Well in the German Democratic Republic (=  Our beautiful home ). VEB FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1966, p. 18 .
  6. ↑ Hella Tänzer, honorary citizen of the city of Bad Berka, Bad Berka city archive.
  7. ↑ Werner Schuricht : Cultural-historical aspects of fruit growing in Thuringia. In: Home Thuringia. Vol. 1, No. 1, 1994, ISSN  0946-4697 , pp. 10-12.
  8. ↑ One hundred years of the Apolda men's choir. Its arising and becoming. Jähnig, Apolda 1928.

Web links

Commons : Deep Pits  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files