Tshangyang Gyatsho

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Tibetan name
Tibetan script :
ཚངས་ དབྱངས་ རྒྱ་ མཚོ
Wylie transliteration :
tshangs dbyangs rgya mtsho
Pronunciation in IPA :
[ tsʰaŋjaŋ catsʰɔ ]
Official transcription of the PRCh :
Cangyang Gyaco
THDL transcription :
Tshangyang Gyatsho
Other spellings:
Tsangyang Gyatso
Chinese name
Traditional :
倉 央 嘉措
Simplified :
仓 央 嘉措
Pinyin :
Cāngyāng Jiācuò

Tshangyang Gyatsho ( 1683 in Tawang in Tshona Dzong County , today in Arunachal Pradesh - November 15, 1706 ) was the sixth Dalai Lama .

Life

Tshangyang Gyatsho was raised in secret, according to the rules of the regent appointed by his predecessor Lobsang Gyatsho in 1679, the Dipa / Desi Sanggye Gyatsho . The reason for this was that officially, i. H. for foreign policy purposes, the 5th Dalai Lama was still alive (until April 1697) and therefore there was no rebirth.

Tshangyang Gyatsho was a fun-loving young man and known for his sensual lifestyle. He was not confirmed as a Dalai Lama by the Penchen Lama , but received religious instruction from Penchen Lobsang Yeshe . It is to be seen as a sign of the special respect between these two lamas that Tshangyang Gyatsho specially traveled to Trashilhünpo in Samzhubzê to return his monastic vows and to enter the laity.

Unable to meet his obligations - but still endowed with secular privileges - he got caught in the power struggle between the regent Sanggye Gyatsho and a Mongolian khan named Lhabzang Khan (r. 1703-1717) of the Qoshoten . He tried to have him deposed after the regent was disempowered, but the lamas found that the sixth Dalai Lama would not lose his reincarnation status because of his “lack of a spirit of enlightenment”. Now Lhabzang resorted to violence and finally prevailed (siege of Drepung Monastery ). Tshangyang Gyatsho was sent on "a trip to China" where he was probably murdered in November 1706. According to other sources, he should have died of an unspecified illness.

Tshangyang Gyatsho is considered to be the great poet among the rulers of Tibet , and for this reason he is very popular among the Tibetan people to this day.

Works

  • Love songs of the VI. Dalai Lama , ed., From Tibet. transl., with annotation and follow-up vers. and on Tibet. Handwritten by Dieter W. Back, Waldgut, Frauenfeld 2006, ISBN 978-3-03740-058-6

literature

German

  • Günther Schulemann : History of the Dalai Lamas. Harrassowitz, Leipzig 1958.
  • Andreas Gruschke : Dalai Lama (= Diederichs compact. ). Hugendubel, Kreuzlingen / Munich 2003, ISBN 3-7205-2461-2 .
  • Martin Brauen (Ed.): The Dalai Lamas. Tibet's reincarnations of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. Arnold, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-89790-219-2 .
  • Karl-Heinz Golzio, Pietro Bandini: The fourteen rebirths of the Dalai Lama. The rulers of Tibet - how they come back, how they are found, what they have left behind. Second edition of the special edition. OW Barth et al., Bern / Munich / Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-502-61095-9 .
  • Manfred Taube: The "Secret Liberation" of the 6th Dalai Lama. In: Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 78/5 (September / October 1983), pp. 437–443.

English

  • Michael Aris : Hidden Treasures and Secret Lives. A Study of Pemalingpa (1450-1521) and the Sixth Dalai Lama (1683-1706) . Kegan Paul, London et al. 1989, ISBN 0-7103-0328-9 (probably the most extensive biography).
  • Per K. Sorensen: Divinity Secularized. An Inquiry into the Nature and Form of the Songs ascribed to the Sixth Dalai Lama (= Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde . H. 25, ZDB -ID 551651-1 ). Working group for Tibetology and Buddhist Studies - University of Vienna, Vienna 1990 (at the same time: Copenhagen, University, dissertation, 1991; comprehensive edition and translation of the poems).
  • Fang Chao-ying: "Tshangs-dbyangs-rgya-mtsho", in: Arthur W. Hummel (Ed.): Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912) . US Government Printing Office 1943 pp.759-61 .

Web links

Commons : Tsangyang Gyatso, 6th Dalai Lama  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pigeon 1983
personal data
SURNAME Tshangyang Gyatsho
ALTERNATIVE NAMES tshangs dbyangs rgya mtsho; Tshangjang Gyatsho; Tsangyang Gyatso; 倉 央 嘉措 (Chinese); Cāngyāng Jiācuò
BRIEF DESCRIPTION sixth Dalai Lama
DATE OF BIRTH 1683
PLACE OF BIRTH Tawang
DATE OF DEATH November 15, 1706