Tuszyn
| Tuszyn | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Łódź | ||
| Powiat : | Łódzki wschodni | ||
| Gmina : | Tuszyn | ||
| Area : | 23.25 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 36 ′ N , 19 ° 32 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 7301 (June 30, 2019) | ||
| Postal code : | 95-080 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 42 | ||
| License plate : | ELW | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | A1 | ||
| Rail route : | Łódź - Piotrków Trybunalski | ||
| Next international airport : | Łódź | ||
Tuszyn (1943–1945 Tuschin ) is a city in the powiat Łódzki wschodni of the Łódź Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with 12,414 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
history
The first written mention of the place comes from the year 1223 , when the Duke of Mazovia and Kujawy Konrad granted the Prussian bishop Christian the right to create the villages of Czarnocin , Rudnik and Tuszyn . The name of the place was then Tuschino . The first reference to a church is from 1397, the exact date of the construction of the church, which was believed to be wooden, is not known. The town received the city charter according to Magdeburg law on August 16, 1416 from the Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło . A great fire in 1484 destroyed almost the entire city. Another followed in 1555. A survey in 1564 counted seven blacksmiths , thirteen shoemakers , four furriers , ten bakers , fifteen brewers , eight wheel makers, two wheelwrights and five butchers . On September 4, 1566, Sigismund II August confirmed the town charter for the place. In 1576 another fire raged in the city and mostly destroyed it. During the Swedish-Polish War , the city was captured by the Swedes in 1655 without a fight. In the course of the occupation, the city was sacked and suffered numerous destruction. In 1660 the first Jews were registered in the city. Tuszyn was also occupied by the Swedes in 1703 during the Great Northern War .
With the second partition of Poland , the place became part of Prussia in 1793 . When the Duchy of Warsaw was established, the city became part of it in 1807 and part of Congress Poland eight years later . The guild of Gerber was founded. 1838 In 1848 cholera raged in Tuszyn.
In 1870 the tsar withdrew the town's town charter. On June 18, 1916, the city was connected to the tram network to Łódź . In 1917 a park was created. The cinema with 130 seats was opened in 1922. On January 1, 1924, Tuszyn was given city rights again and on May 7, the first election of a city council took place. With the beginning of the Second World War , the city was occupied by the Wehrmacht in September 1939 . In the Tuschin forest there was a large resettlement camp of the VOMI ( Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle ), there were resettlers of German origin from Bessarabia, Croatia and the like from 1941 (?) a. housed, which should later be settled in the Generalgouvernement. In the Tuschin camp at the end of 1942 the 1st SS Landwacht Battalion Zamosc was set up from the ethnic German Croats intended for resettlement , which was transferred to the General Government in 1943 , where it was involved in the expulsion of the Polish population as part of the Zamosc campaign and in the "gang fight" was used. The Red Army reached the city on January 19, 1945 . During an administrative reform, the place became part of the Piotrków Voivodeship in 1975 and remained so until 1999 when another reform made it part of the Łódź Voivodeship.
Roman Cycowski , baritone of the Comedian Harmonists , was born on January 25, 1901 in Tuszyn as the son of the Orthodox-Jewish textile manufacturer Schlama Cycowski, who owned a small spinning mill that was destroyed in the First World War.
Population development
In 1781 450 people lived in the city, 364 of them Christians and 86 Jews. In 1820 there were 1,064. In 1831 1,315 people, 350 of them Jews, lived here. In 1924 a total of 3,550 people lived here, 1,650 of them Jews.
| year | 1781 | 1820 | 1831 | 1840 | 1850 | 1857 | 1860 | 1924 | 2007 |
| population | 450 | 1,064 | 1,315 | 1,548 | 1,669 | 1,835 | 1,866 | 3,550 | 7.172 |
local community
The town itself and 20 villages with school boards belong to the town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Tuszyn.
Web links
- City website (BIP) (Polish)
- Website about the city (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Grażyna Kobojek: Lodz - Calendar XX wieku . Łódź 2002, ISBN 83-7415-060-2 , p. 25.
- ^ Roman Cycowski on Comedian-Harmonists.net.
- ↑ Główny Urząd Statystyczny, "LUDNOŚĆ - STAN I STRUKTURA W PRZEKROJU TERYTORIALNYM", as of June 30, 2007, p. 60 ( Memento of February 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF).