Submarine class 214

Class 214

The Greek Papanikolis at HDW

Ship data country  Greece South Korea Turkey Portugal       Ship type Submarine draft HDW , Kiel Construction period Since 2003 Launch of the type ship April 22, 2004 Units built 14 (21 planned) period of service Since 2007

Ship dimensions and crew length 65 m ( Lüa ) width 6.3 m Draft Max. 6 m displacement surfaced: 1700 t submerged: 1930 t   crew 27 men

Machine system machine diesel-electric 2 MTU - diesel 2 HDW fuel cells Machine performance 6,720 kW (9,137 hp) propeller 1

Mission data submarine Diving depth, normal 400 m Depth of destruction 700 m Top speed submerged 20 kn (37 km / h) Top speed surfaced 12 kn (22 km / h)

Armament 8 × torpedo tube ∅ 53.3 cm

The submarines of class 214 are conventional hunting submarines with air-independent propulsion system, by the Howaldtswerke- German shipyard were developed (HDW). The boats have been built by HDW and shipyards in South Korea, Greece and Turkey since 2001. Together with the boats of the submarine class 212 A , they are considered to be the quietest in the world due to their propulsion system.

The class 214 goes to the submarine classes 209 and 212 A back. Like Class 209, which has been built since 1960, Class 214 is intended solely for export. So far Greece has ordered four, South Korea nine, Portugal two and Turkey six units.

technology

Class 214 has a fuel cell-based, outside air-independent drive system, similar to that of class 212 A. This enables diving trips lasting several weeks. As with the 212 A class, the CSU 90 sonar system is also installed. The 212 A and 214 class submarines are among the quietest submarines in the world.

Users

Greece

Delays

The contract to build three boats for the Greek Navy was signed on February 15, 2000, and a fourth boat was ordered in 2002.

The first boat was christened Papanikolis on April 22nd, 2004 at HDW . The remaining three boats are to be built at Hellenic Shipyards in Skaramagas .

In December 2006 it became known that the Papanikolis had significant technical defects at this time. According to the report, the boat had massive problems with cavitation , overheating of the fuel cell and excessive rolling when driving over water. It was also reported that the Greek Navy did not accept the boat and that there were other problems with the fuel cell, the vibration of the periscope , seawater leaks in the hydraulic system and problems with the sonar .

In March 2008 it became known that the Greek Navy had not made a payment of 500 million euros from the construction of the four boats at this time. The manufacturer HDW stated that it had fixed all problems with the Papanikolis and claimed that the acceptance was refused in order to achieve a price reduction. Greece had previously suffered damage due to the manufacturer's bribe payments.

In October 2008, the Papanikolis was tested and it was determined that all problems had been resolved, a corresponding certificate was issued by the quality test center of the German Armed Forces. The Greek Navy continued to see a need for clarification, to which the manufacturer HDW reacted in September 2009 with a unilateral termination of the supply contracts.

The second boat, the Pipinos , was launched in February 2007.

In spring 2010 the differences were resolved. The Papanikolis and the other three boats were taken over by the Greek Navy and put into service. The subject of the renegotiation was the order of two more submarines of the class, which replaced the aborted modernization of the class 209. The German federal government is said to have exerted political pressure to bring about this arms export worth one billion euros.

Investigations

On February 5, 2011, it became known that the Munich public prosecutor's office was investigating the managers of HDW sales partner Ferrostaal AG because of the U-214 deal between Greece and Germany . There is suspicion of breach of trust and bribery in the amount of 55 million euros. In connection with this, former Greek Defense Minister Akis Tsochatzopoulos was arrested in April 2012 . During the investigation period, several managers and the company's managing director resigned. Before he resigned, he had admitted that payments had been made in return for the submarine contracts with Portugal and Greece. In 2011 Ferrostaal agreed to pay a fine of 140 million euros and publicly apologized.

Portugal

NRP Tridente

In 2004 Portugal ordered two U-209PN submarines, which are in fact the U-214 type. The misleading name is based on the fact that a U-209/1500 design was offered at an early stage of the tender , but was later changed to the U-214 design.

Two units named NPR Tridente and NPR Arpão were built in Kiel by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft. Both boats have now been handed over to the Portuguese Navy and put into service. Due to budget cuts, the two boats are currently out of service and are anchored in Lisbon. Since the drive units are not running, the boats are manually cooled by soldiers of the Navy with water from the outside in order to protect the sensitive electronics.

The costs for the acquisition of the two submarines are estimated at around one billion euros, Portugal was assured counter-deals of 1.2 billion euros in a separate contract. Part of the purchase contract is that the boats enter the Howaldts works once a year for maintenance 30 years after purchase.

Investigations

As with the deal with Greece, the Munich public prosecutor's office and the judiciary in Portugal investigated those responsible at Ferrostaal for bribery. The defendants were acquitted in both countries.

South Korea

South Korean boat Son Won-il (SSK 072)

South Korea, which has ordered three U-214 submarines, is the first active user of the U-214 with the Son Won-il . The Son Won-il was taken into active service by South Korea on December 27, 2007. The boats are built by Hyundai Heavy Industries . On January 8, 2009, it was announced that contracts for six more submarines had been signed for the South Korean Navy .

Turkey

On July 22, 2008, six submarines of the modified type U-214TN were acquired by Turkey. The submarines are to be built in Turkey; the first should go into service with the Turkish Navy in 2015 . Due to a delay in delivery of almost two years, Thyssen-Krupp has to pay a fine of around 100 million euros; the keel of the first boat took place in October 2015.

interested persons

Pakistan

Also, Pakistan was interested in submarines of class 214. The country planned to buy three boats and finish at home. The delivery is controversial as Pakistan is a nuclear power and never acceded to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty . In addition, there were reservations about the domestic political situation and the fact that a launch platform at sea for cruise missiles of the Hatf VII Babur type was being sought. On July 20, 2009, it was announced that Pakistan had placed the intended order in favor of an offer from France.

Australia

In 2011, it was announced to the public that Australia had shortlisted the 214 submarine class in its intended modernization of its own submarine fleet. In addition to Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft in Kiel, the state-owned shipyards DCNS from France and Navantia from Spain were competitors for the major order . However, in the search for a replacement for the Collins class submarines , the Australian Navy has also considered the 216 submarine class as an "extended version". The country's navy would like to procure between eight and twelve boats. In April 2016, the Australian decision for French submarines was announced.

Boats

Type	Identifier	Surname	Shipyard	Keel laying	Launch	Commissioning	annotation
Greece
U-214	S 120	Papanikolis	Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft	February 27, 2001	April 22, 2004	November 2, 2010	active
	P 121	Pipinos	Hellenic Shipyards	February 2003	November 2006	October 6, 2014
	P. 122	Matrozos		March 2003	February 2015	June 23, 2016
	P. 123	Katsonis		March 2004		June 23, 2016
	P. 124	unrealized
	S 125
South Korea
U-214	SS-072	Son Won-il	Hyundai Heavy Industries	October 2002	June 9, 2006	December 27, 2007	active
	SS-073	Jung Ji		2004	June 13, 2007	December 2, 2008
	SS-075	To Jung-geun			June 4, 2008	November 30, 2009
	SS-076	Kim Jwa-Jin	Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering	2009	August 13, 2013	2014
	SS-077	Yun Bong-gil	Hyundai Heavy Industries	2010	3rd July 2014	2015
	SS-078	Yu Gwan-sun	Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering	2011	2015	July 10, 2017
	SS-079	Hong Beom-do	Hyundai Heavy Industries	2012	5th April 2016	2017
	SS-081	Lee Beom-seok	Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering	2013	November 8, 2016	May 9, 2019
	SS-082	Sin dol-seok	Hyundai Heavy Industries	2014	7th September 2017
Portugal
U-209PN	P. 160	Tridente	Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft	March 7, 2005	July 15, 2008	September 8, 2010	active
	P 161	Arpão		April 15, 2007	June 18, 2009	April 28, 2011
Turkey
U-214TN		Piri Reis	Gölcük Naval Shipyard	October 10, 2015			Under construction
		Hizir rice		planned
		Nameless
		Nameless
		Nameless
		Nameless

See also

• List of submarine classes by state

Web links

Commons : Submarine Class 214  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Günther Stiller: The target photo that made a US admiral angry. In: Hamburger Abendblatt . Zeitungsgruppe Hamburg GmbH, August 8, 2004, accessed on April 26, 2017 . 
2. ^ Raimund Wallner: German U-Boats. History, skills, potential. ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: MarineForum. No. 4, 2006, pp. 10-18, ISSN 0172-8547  
3. ↑ Type 214 Stumbles Into Greece , StrategyPage.com. December 11, 2006. Retrieved November 30, 2007. 
4. ↑ Greece Refuses Delivery Of First Type-214 Submarine. (No longer available online.) In: navyleague.org. Navy League of the United States, December 2006, archived from the original on January 12, 2010 ; accessed on November 30, 2007 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ↑ Ordered but not picked up: HDW and the “Papanikolis”. (No longer available online.) In: deutscher-marinebund.de. German Navy Federation V., January 11, 2008, archived from the original on May 3, 2009 ; Retrieved November 18, 2008 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
6. ↑ HDW stops submarine contracts with Greece. In: welt.de. Die Welt , September 22, 2009, accessed July 5, 2016 . 
7. ^ Settled dispute over submarines for Greece. In: shz.de. Schleswig-Holsteinischer Zeitungsverlag , March 20, 2010, accessed on October 28, 2013.
8. ^ Greek billions for German submarines. In: heise.de. Heise Verlag, accessed on July 28, 2015 . 
9. ↑ spiegel.de
10. ^ German submarine deal: Greek ex-minister in custody on suspicion of corruption. In: spiegel.de. Spiegel Online , April 11, 2012, accessed April 12, 2012.
11. ↑ cf. z. B. Greece: Arms trade is flourishing. In: freitag.de , April 24, 2012.
12. ↑ O U 209PN, o U-214 eo contrato de fornecimento à Portuguese Navy. In: areamilitar.net. (Portuguese)
13. ↑ Second class 209PN submarine for the Portuguese Navy. Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft AG, June 18, 2009, accessed on February 16, 2010 . 
14. ^ ^{A b c} Antonio Cascais , Marcel Kolvenbach: Business like lubricated. WDR the story. In: wdr.de. Westdeutscher Rundfunk , April 28, 2014, accessed on May 1, 2014 . 
15. ↑ Turkey buys 6 submarines for 2.5 billion euros from HDW Thomson Reuters , July 22, 2008, accessed November 18, 2008
16. ↑ : A fine of millions for delayed delivery of submarines. In: handelsblatt.com. Handelsblatt , January 22, 2015.
17. ^ Otfried Nassauer: Submarines for Pakistan? In: bits.de. BITS, April 24, 2007, accessed November 18, 2008.
18. ↑ Willi Germund (Islamabad), Max Borowski (Berlin): Pakistan is losing interest in German submarines ( memento from August 1, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), Financial Times Deutschland , July 20, 2009.
19. ↑ HDW is hoping for a mega-order from Australia. ndr.de, December 18, 2011, archived from the original on January 7, 2012 ; Retrieved December 18, 2011 . 
20. ↑ U-boats may be on navy's shopping list In: canberratimes.com.au. The Canberra Times , accessed July 21, 2012.
21. ↑ Christoph Hein: Explosive submarine sale to Australia. In: faz.net. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , January 26, 2016, accessed on January 26, 2016 . 
22. ^ Charis Chang: Will new submarines be built in Adelaide, South Australia? Winning tender to be revealed. In: news.com.au. April 26, 2016, accessed April 30, 2016 . 
23. ↑ Australia says French company wins huge submarine contract. In: japantimes.co.jp. Retrieved April 30, 2016 . 
24. ↑ Greece accepts final Type 214 submarines into service . ( Memento of the original from June 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: janes.com. Jane’s , June 27, 2016 (English).  
25. ^ Corea del sur recibe el nuevo submarino 214 SS 078 Yu Gwan-sun. In: www.elsnorkel.com. July 10, 2017, Retrieved December 29, 2017 (Spanish). 
26. ^ South Korea launches ninth Type 214 submarine Shin Dol-Seok. In: www.navaltoday.com. September 7, 2017, accessed February 15, 2020 . 
27. ↑ ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems - data and facts from 2005. (PDF) (No longer available online.) ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems, 2008, formerly in the original ; Retrieved February 16, 2010 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
28. ↑ Launched class 209PN submarine for Portugal. (No longer available online.) European Security Journal, September 2009, formerly the original ; Retrieved February 16, 2010 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
29. ↑ Zerin Elci: UPDATE 3-Turkey in $ 4 bln submarines deal with HDW. In: reuters.com. Reuters , July 22, 2008 (English).