Unterheimbach
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Unterheimbach
Bretzfeld municipality
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| Height : | 250 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 14.17 km² |
| Residents : | 1062 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 75 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1975 |
| Area code : | 07946 |
 Location of Unterheimbach in the municipality of Bretzfeld
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Unterheimbach is a district of Bretzfeld in Hohenlohekreis in northern Baden-Württemberg .
Local division
The village of Unterheimbach and the hamlet of Herrenhölzle as well as the abandoned village of Hagenawe belong to the former community of Unterheimbach .
history
The establishment of Unterheimbach as a clearing settlement in the high Middle Ages is related to the noble lords of Heimberg, who have been occupied since 1253, were wealthy here and owned Heimberg Castle (also called Hellmat Castle ) west of the village on the Heimberg ( Schloßbuckel ) . From 1277 a Neuheimberg castle is also mentioned, which may be the castle on the Schloßbuckel or a second castle in the village itself. The place Unterheimbach was mentioned for the first time in 1300 and belonged to the possession of the Lords of Heimberg, some of which they sold early, including the Neuenheimberg Castle, already known as the Burgstall in 1334 , which at that time came to the Hohenlohe family from the widow of Heinrich von Böckingen . After the von Heimbergs died out in 1344, their property passed to various heirs, including the Fürderer von Waldeck, von Tanne and von Neuenstein. In 1439, a castle stable in Altenheimberg is mentioned, so that if there were ever two castles, both were already gone by that time.
A village court was mentioned in Unterheimbach as early as 1386, a mayor in 1491. From the late 15th century, the Vogtei, court and property on the site came to a significant extent to the Hohenlohe family and the lords of Gemmingen on Maienfels , who ruled after lengthy disputes in 1564 divided into 7/9 Hohenlohe and 2/9 Gemmingen. Hohenlohe received the entire high jurisdiction. Hohenlohe's share came to Hohenlohe-Waldenburg when the house was divided in 1553 and then to the Adolzfurt office. The Hohenlohe and the Gemmingen issued a common village regulation in 1629. Unterheimbach has been shaped by agriculture over the centuries, apart from arable farming , viticulture , attested since 1537, played a notable role, and from the 19th century onwards, the then heavily intensified forestry in the forest, which makes up two thirds of the district area.
When the independence of Hohenlohe ended in 1806 due to the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , Unterheimbach also came to the Kingdom of Württemberg and there first to the Oberamt Öhringen , from which it was spun off in 1811 and assigned to the Oberamt Weinsberg . The population, which had already numbered around 300 people in the late 17th century, grew from 683 to 843 people from 1806 to 1843, then stagnated until 1871 and then decreased to 572 people by 1910 due to emigration and emigration.
With the dissolution of the Oberamt Weinsberg in 1926, it was relegated to the Öhringen Oberamt (from 1938: Landkreis Öhringen ). After the Second World War, the population increased from 635 in 1939 to around 770 in 1946 as a result of the admission of displaced persons from Romania, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. This population remained stable until the 1960s, even if the proportion of displaced people below it fell again rapidly.
The district reform in 1973 led to the community becoming part of the Hohenlohe district. On January 1, 1975, Adolzfurt , Bitzfeld , Bretzfeld , Dimbach , Geddelsbach , Scheppach , Schwabbach , Siebeneich , Unterheimbach and Waldbach merged to form the new municipality of Bretzfeld.
Religions
The Church in Unterheimbach was first mentioned in 1300 and could possibly already in 1146 by the Counts of Calw to the Hirsau have been given. The church set belonged to the Lichtenstern monastery in 1300 , which also appointed the pastors in the 14th and 15th centuries. The right of patronage came to Württemberg in the course of the Reformation , and in 1563 to Hohenlohe in exchange. The community was almost entirely Protestant until the 20th century. Today's Protestant parish Unterheimbach belongs to the Weinsberg-Neuenstadt church district of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg . A larger Catholic community only emerged through the influx of displaced people from traditionally Catholic countries after the Second World War. The Catholics were looked after from Pfedelbach until 1955/56 , since then from Bretzfeld .
coat of arms
The blazon of the former municipal coat of arms reads: In blue a red roofed silver house.
Attractions
- The Protestant parish church of St. Georg and Nikolaus in Unterheimbach was initially a Gothic choir tower church, the nave of which had to make way for a new building in 1621 and again in 1757. This last version has survived to this day: a closed tower choir, used as a sacristy, and the so-called Markgräfler Wand , a combination of pulpit altar and organ loft as the eastern end of the church, plus a three-sided loft with Baroque parapet paintings. The 19th century organ no longer towers over the pulpit, but stands on the west gallery. The ceiling painting Ascension from 1952 in a baroque stucco frame in the nave is by Professor Rudolf Yelin the Elder. J.
- Several historical half-timbered buildings have also been preserved in the village .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Status: December 31, 2018, annual report 2018 of the municipality of Bretzfeld (PDF) municipality of Bretzfeld. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume 4: Administrative region of Stuttgart, regional associations of Franconia and East Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 , pp. 173-179.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 466 .
- ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community Unterheimbach
- ^ Website of the Evangelical Church District Weinsberg-Neuenstadt
- ^ Claudia Lamprecht: Rudolf Yelin (1902-1991): catalog raisonné of the building-related works ; o. O. (Stuttgart), o. J. (1991), p. 155
literature
- Karlheinz Englert: Unterheimbach. Chronicle of a village in Hohenlohe . Geiger, Horb am Neckar 2000, ISBN 3-89570-640-X .
- Jürgen Hermann Rauser: Brettachtaler Heimatbuch. From the local history of the old communities Adolzfurt, Bitzfeld, Bretzfeld, Dimbach, Geddelsbach / Brettach, Rappach, Scheppach, Schwabbach, Siebeneich, Unterheimbach, Waldbach (= Hohenlohekreis local library. Vol. 14). Jahrbuch-Verlag, Weinsberg 1983.
Web links
Adolzfurt | Bitzfeld | Brettach | Dimbach | Geddelsbach | Rappach | Scheppach | Schwabbach | Siebeneich | Unterheimbach | Waldbach