Rappach (Bretzfeld)

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Rappach
Bretzfeld municipality
Rappach coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 10 ′ 22 "  N , 9 ° 25 ′ 41"  E
Area : 3.55 km²
Residents : 1326  (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 374 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : February 1, 1972
Area code : 07946
map
Location of Rappach in the municipality of Bretzfeld
Church in Rappach
Church in Rappach

Rappach is a district of Bretzfeld in Hohenlohekreis in northern Baden-Württemberg .

Local division

Rappach lies on both sides of the Dimbach , which soon drains into the Brettach via the Schwabbach , which flows past Rappach in the north . The village of Rappach and the abandoned town of Steinfurt belong to the former municipality of Rappach. In the 1980s, the Steinsfeld development area north of the Schwabbach was developed.

history

In 1215 Rappach was mentioned for the first time as Ropach , in 1253 the place Rotbach and 1277 Rotpach . The derivation of the place name is based on a red stream. The place was probably founded in the 9th or 10th century and possibly enlarged by the resettlement of the residents of Steinfurt , which was attested in the 16th century but has now gone . From the early 13th to the early 15th century, the lords of Rappach were local nobility who held the fiefs of the lords of Weinsberg and the diocese of Würzburg and probably also owned the Edelmannshof castle in Rappach, which, however, no longer existed in 1341, as it was already known as the Burgstall at that time. After the end of the Lords of Rappach, the fiefdom fell back to the Lords of Weinsberg, who ceded the place to the Electoral Palatinate in 1450 . After the Landshut War of Succession , the place came to Württemberg in 1504 . A mayor and a court are mentioned for the first time in 1494, and a town hall in 1683. The property relations were severely fragmented, especially after the Thirty Years War. Württemberg had only one farm with two fiefdoms (a total of around 160 acres). a. the Öhringen monastery , the German Order , the Hohenlohe House , the Order of St. John and the Lichtenstern Monastery . On November 11, 1942, the Stuttgart Gestapo executed the Polish slave laborer Czesław Trzciński on a gallows in the Schindersklinge on the north-western edge of the town ; Trzciński had previously worked for a farmer in Rappach.

Territorial Affiliation

Rappach was assigned to the Oberamt Weinsberg in 1806 and raised to an independent municipality in 1824 at the latest. When the Oberamt Weinsberg was dissolved in 1926, the place came under the Oberamt Öhringen (from 1938: Landkreis Öhringen ). On February 1, 1972, Rappach was incorporated into Bretzfeld. The district reform in 1973 led to membership in the Hohenlohe district.

economy

The village's agriculture was characterized in particular by arable and fruit growing , and viticulture has also been documented in the village since 1343 and played a more important role in the past. The historically significant businesses in Rappach include a mill, which was documented as early as the 13th century, east of the town in the Brettachtal, and several breweries and distilleries that no longer exist today. The first industrial company in the town was the Dengert agricultural machinery factory, founded in 1952.

coat of arms

The blazon of the former municipal coat of arms reads: In silver, a red wavy bar, above two, including a five-petalled red rose with golden inscriptions.

Attractions

The Protestant church in Rappach forms the historic center of the village on a mountain spur. The church, which can be seen from far and wide, dates back to the Staufer period : at the outer corners of the nave a head with eagle wings, a lion and two grimaces as eaves consoles, the tower base made of humpback blocks typical of the time, and inside a wide, square tower choir with a Romanesque window. Shortly before 1500, the fortified church in the walled cemetery was consecrated to Our Lady, St. James and St. John (in 1499 Rappach belonged to the parish of Waldbach, with which it was reformed in 1534 by the sovereign Württemberg). In the 17th century the building was supplemented by a sacristy, the choir arch, the choir gallery and the west portal, and the tower was raised by a half-timbered floor and provided with a pyramid roof. In the choir there is a wall tabernacle with a Gothic lock; the Altarmensa is still medieval. The interior renovation from 1966/67 uncovered well-preserved frescoes (Passion and Easter story in 16 fields) from the 14th century and a later depiction of Christ. The colored glazing of a small window with a Pentecostal motif dates from the 1960s. The flat ceilings in the choir and nave are also modern. The church was probably always a branch church of Kilian's Church in Waldbach . Today it belongs to the Evangelical Church Community of Bretzfeld-Rappach in the Weinsberg-Neuenstadt church district of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg .

The old wine press was built in 1712 and came into the possession of the municipality in 1835, which renovated it in 1935.

literature

  • Jürgen Hermann Rauser: Brettachtaler Heimatbuch. From the local history of the old communities Adolzfurt, Bitzfeld, Bretzfeld, Dimbach, Geddelsbach / Brettach, Rappach, Scheppach, Schwabbach, Siebeneich, Unterheimbach, Waldbach (= Hohenlohekreis local library. Vol. 14). Jahrbuch-Verlag, Weinsberg 1983.

Web links

Commons : Rappach  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Rappach in the description of the Oberamt Weinsberg from 1861

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Status: December 31, 2018, annual report 2018 of the municipality of Bretzfeld (PDF) municipality of Bretzfeld. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
  2. ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume 4: Administrative region of Stuttgart, regional associations of Franconia and East Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 , pp. 173-179.
  3. ^ State Archives Ludwigsburg, B 503 I, U 985 ; Hermann Bauer: Questions. (To the Schöntaler deed of June 8, 1215). In: Journal of the Historical Association for the Württemberg Franconia. Vol. 1, H. 3, 1849, ZDB -ID 200436-7 , p. 113 .
  4. ^ State statistical office of Baden-Württemberg in connection with the district of Öhringen (ed.): The district of Öhringen. Official district description. Volume 2. State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 1968, p. 487.
  5. ↑ Benigna Schönhagen : Das Gräberfeld X. A documentation about Nazi victims in the Tübingen city cemetery (= Kleine Tübinger Schriften. Issue 11). Kulturamt, Tübingen 1987, p. 64.
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 455 .
  7. ↑ Otto Friedrich: Evangelical churches in the deanery Weinsberg - picture reading book ; ed. Ev. Deanery Weinsberg, 2003
  8. ^ Website of the Bretzfeld-Rappach parish as a whole
  9. ^ Website of the Evangelical Church District Weinsberg-Neuenstadt