Wassilko von Serecki (noble family)

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Coat of arms of Count Wassilko von Serecki

Wassilko von Serecki are a Romanian boyar from Bukovina - and an Austrian noble family . The family was one of the largest landowners in Austria-Hungary . It was the only family of Romanian origin that acquired the title of count throughout the empire.

history

Document dated Feb. 16, 1428

The family, also known as Vasilco , belonged to the Moldovan boyar class . According to Johann Svoboda, the family had its roots in Russia, where members of the same occurred in 1097 as knjasen in the Kiev region . What was meant here was the blinded prince of Peremyšl 'and Terebovl' Wassilko (also Vasil'ko, Wasilko) Rostislavič. According to family history, she is said to be descended from a descendant of Vasilko Prince of Rostov († 1238), relative of the former.

In the Principality of Moldova

Historically it is clear that even before the founding of the Principality of Moldavia in 1350 Pancu (Panko) cleared the forest on the left bank of the Great Sereth , Panca and then at the confluence with the Mihodra founded the place Lucavăț for his only son Luca . According to Ion Drăgușanul, they are said to be the oldest settlements in this area. Lucas' sons Stan and Șerbco were knights at the court of Prince Alexandru cel Bun ( German  Alexander the Good ). Their children were confirmed by a document dated February 16, 1428 that the family's goods, Lukawetz, Panka mit Mihodra, were for them and their descendants. The church of the place Lucavăţ with pastor was approved on March 15, 1490 by Prince Ștefan cel Mare ( German  Stefan the Great ) as the first to the bishopric of Rădăuți (Radautz) .

Confirmation that great boyars 1681/1
Confirmation that great boyars 1681/2
Certificate of exemption, Nov. 4, 1691

Prince Alexandru Lăpuşneanu , grandson of the above, not only confirmed the legality of Prince Alexander's document on May 7, 1565, but he also gave her joint ownership of a large number of villages in northern Moldova. Later, on March 12, 1667, Vasile, Nicolae and Constantin Căzăcescul were confirmed again by Prince Iliaș Alexandru of possession of the goods.

Gligolie, also Grigorie, (around 1565-1629) was the son of Crasna de Lucavăţ, daughter of Pan Isac († after 1531) and probably the illegitimate son of Lăpuşneanus, Prince Petru VI. Cazacul († October 24, 1592), executed in Constantinople after he had planned a war against the Turkish yoke, but had been betrayed by Constantinople loyal boyars and then taken prisoner. He carried this surname until his grandson Vasile, listed below, took the name Wassilko again.

The cousins ​​Vasile (Basilius) (1631–1701), the above-mentioned grandson, married since 1654 to Candachia (1635–1688), the daughter of the boyar Isac Cocoranul, as Teodor Bălan wrote, ancestor of Count Vasilko and father of Ion (1665 –1743) as well as Gavril (Gabriel) Vasilco (Wassilko) were because of outstanding service in the Polish army, among other things in recognition for their military service at the Battle of Hotin 1673, on February 4, 1676 by King John III. Sobieski ennobled with the nickname Lukawiecki . His younger brother Constantin took the name Cheșco (later also Keschko ). From him came the family, which later became famous in the Principality of Moldova and Bessarabia . From this the future Queen Natalia of Serbia arose . The third brother, Nicolai, remained unmarried.

The Divan of Moldova certified with the document dated January 24, 1681, which had been signed by Metropolitan Dosoftei and Grand Chancellor Miron Costin, among others, that Vasile and Gavril were great boyars.

During the occupation of northern Moldavia by the Poles in 1691, Vasile benefited from his title of nobility, he was given by Count Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski , Grand Hetman of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, by a written decree of November 4, 1691 from the forced accommodation and feeding of soldiers on his property as well as any additional taxes, as a Polish nobleman. On July 16, 1693 he bought the children of Gavril and his brother from their shares in Lucavăț, Panca and Berhometh.

Memorial stone for the church in Berhometh

Alexander (Alexandru) Wassilko (Vasilco) (born April 1, 1717 in Lucavăț; † May 22, 1787 in Berhometh), boyar and landowner, married to Maria (born May 2, 1733 in Jadova; † November 22, 1813 in Berhometh) , Great-granddaughter of Mehmed Abaza Pascha and Stanislavovna, daughter of the Polish military leader Stanisław Koniecpolski , the only son of Ion Vasilco (1665–1743), continued his father's land purchases. According to a document dated September 12, 1772, Alexander Lucavăț pe Siret, Panca and Berhomet pe Siret now belonged in full. Furthermore, he acquired half of Iacobeşti as a dowry of his wife, according to a document from Prince Grigore III. Ghika from 1776, the other shortly afterwards too. The wooden church that is still known today was built there in 1782.

The boyar chose Berhometh as his ancestral seat and had the place expanded and a church consecrated to St. Nicholas built in 1773, which he had rebuilt and enlarged in the 80s. The rededication took place in 1786, almost a year before his death. His namesake had it removed in 1889 and rebuilt in Schipot (Șipotele pe Siret).

In the Austrian Empire

Father and son had laid the foundation stone for the family's vast estates. He also took part in the homage that took place in Chernivtsi on August 17, 1777. Alexander had eight children, including three sons, and is the progenitor of all members of the family who are still alive today.

Alexander's sons were Nikolaus (Nicolai) (1753-1809), married in 1786 to Paraschiva (1765-1815), daughter of Gregory Knight of Teutul (Tăutul), great-grandfather of Count Douglas and Friedrich of Bigot de Saint-Quentin and his sister Desideria , thus also ancestor of Franz Emil Joseph Ludwig Graf von Marenzi , Basil (Vasile) (see below) and Stefan (1772–1843), married to Anna, daughter of Basil Ritter von Strischka, grandfather of Balthasar (1803–1880) and great-grandfather of Hieronymus (1840–1914) Count Della Scala . They were awarded the knighthood on February 17, 1788 by the highest resolution of Emperor Joseph II . The family was enrolled on September 17, 1788 and 1845 in Bukovina , where they had their numerous possessions .

The brothers Alexander, Stephan and Georg Wassilko von Serecki

Jordaki Ritter von Wassilko received by the highest resolution Emperor Franz Joseph I with a diploma from July 14, 1855 in Vienna, the Austrian baron class with the nobility title "von Serecki" for himself and his descendants. He started building Berhometh Castle . Until 1861 he had been a member of the State Council (later Reichsrat) for many years . When it was founded on April 18, 1861, just a few months before his death, he moved into the newly established Upper House of the Austrian Imperial Council , the so-called manor house , as the first and only Bukovinaer of this time .

His son Alexander , also a member of the manor house and long-time governor of the Duchy of Bukovina, was the only one to breed the family. Whose four sons, George , Stephen , Alexander and Viktor was on 19 December 1905 by Emperor Franz Joseph I , the eunuchs would be awarded. By the highest resolution of August 29, 1918 on Eckartsau and diploma on October 19 of that year in Vienna, Emperor Karl I elevated them to the status of Austrian count .

As one of 64 noble families, the family had a hereditary seat in the manor house , and as one of nine baronial families it had held this seat before (1917), and was also permanently represented in this body since its foundation.

coat of arms

  • 1788: In blue, an upright golden arrow, raised by a downward-facing golden crescent moon with a golden star (spur) on each of its horns. - On the crowned helmet with blue and gold covers, a two-row peacock frond, each with five feathers, pierced to the right by a golden arrow.
  • 1855: As in 1788, with the coat of arms improved and the barons crown on the shield.
  • 1918: A blue shield, in which an upright arrow from a crescent moon, whose downward-facing tips are each covered with a six-pointed star [actually a spur], all this becomes gold. On the main edge of the shield rests the golden count's crown with nine visible pearl prongs, raised by an open, crowned tournament helmet, surrounded on both sides by blue blankets with gold underlay. From the crown of the helmet emerges a natural peacock frond, shot across to the right by a golden arrow, with two rows of five feathers each. Below the shield there is a bronze-colored arabesque on which two upright natural stags, facing each other and holding golden crosses between their antlers, stand as shield holders.

  • Ancestral coat of arms of the Wassilko family since 1676

  • Coat of arms of the knights of Wassilko after Siebmacher

  • Coat of arms of the Knights of Wassilko 1788

  • Coat of arms of Baron Wassilko von Serecki, 1855

  • Coat of arms of Count Wassilko von Serecki, sw 1918

The coat of arms is interpreted as the fight with spurs (to speed up the horse) and arrow against the Ottoman enemy (half moon). In more recent times, the coat of arms has been interpreted esoterically , especially under the influence of Countess Zoe Wassilko von Serecki . The word "star" also appears in the descriptions of the Austrian coat of arms, but the knight's coat of arms shows that it originally meant spurs.

Possessions

The entails of November 10, 1788 consisted of the localities Berhometh (Berhomet (e) pe Siret) with Alexander and Katharinendorf, Panka with Mihodra (Panca) , Lopuszna (Lăpuşna or Lopuşna) , Schipoth (Șipotele pe Siret ), Mihova , Czereszenka (Cereșenca, Cireșel) , also Lipoweni (Lipoveni) , Sziskoutz (Șișcăuți, Cozmeni) and Zeleneu , the knights of Wassilko, including large parts of Lukawetz am Sereth (Lucavăţ pe Siret) . Moldavian Banilla (Bănila Moldovenească, Bănila pe Siret) with Nikolaus- and Augustendorf was in 1914 largely owned by Count Georg Wassilko von Serecki. In 1918 the land had an extension of 56,000 Austrian yokes , which corresponds to 32,288 hectares. With the possessions of the Knights of Vasilko, the area amounted to 75,000 yokes. That is why the Wassilko were also called "Kings of Bukovina".

Personalities

Surname * / † description image
Knight Basil (Vasile) by Wassilko
(* June 30, 1761 in Berhometh; † July 6, 1825 there) 		In addition to his own share of the inheritance, he also took over significant parts of his inheritance after the death of his older brother Nikolaus. On January 14, 1787, he also acquired a large part of Crasna Ilschi . There he married on December 15 of the year Anastasia (Nastassia) (* August 17, 1767, † September 28, 1842), daughter of Alexander von Ilski, who only owned a quarter of the village. He was the father of the below mentioned Jordaki and great-grandfather of the later counts. Basil was also the great-grandfather of Count Hieronymus Della Scala and Nikolaus Ritter von Wassilko (see below). Knighthood 1788.
Jordaki Freiherr Wassilko von Serecki (1795–1861) Austrian-Romanian landowner, member of the manor house in 1861 , the upper house of the Austrian Imperial Council , baron status in 1855. Jordaki Baron Wassilko von Serecki 1855.jpg
Baron Alexander Wassilko von Serecki (1827-1893) K. uk Real Privy Council , Governor of the Duchy of Bukovina, Member of the Manor and Fideikommissherr, Governor Baron Alexander Wassilko von Serecki 1890.jpg
Count Georg Wassilko von Serecki (1864-1940) K. uk chamberlain, hereditary member of the manor house of the Austrian Imperial Council and governor of the Duchy of Bukovina, later deputy and vice-president of the Romanian Senate, count 1918 Count Georg Wassilko von Serecki 1920.jpg
Stephan Graf Wassilko von Serecki (1869–1933) K. uk Chamberlain and Rittmeister retired, Ministerialrat in the Ministry of the Interior and doctorate in law (Dr. jur.), Count 1918 Stephan Graf Wassilko v. Serecki 1918.jpg
Alexander Count Wassilko von Serecki (1871-1920) K. uk treasurer, lieutenant colonel and chamberlain to Archduke Heinrich Ferdinand Toscana , count 1918 Alexander Wassilko von Serecki, November 15, 1909 (detail) .jpg
Count Viktor Wassilko von Serecki (1872–1934) kuk chamberlain, Romanian Orthodox archpriest, count 1918 Count Victor Wassilko von Serecki 1904.jpg
Zoe Countess Wassilko von Serecki (1897–1978) Parapsychologist and astrologer as well as long-time president of the "Austrian Astrological Society". Zoe Countess Wassilko 1918
Nikolaus Ritter von Wassilko (1868-1924) Member of the Reichsrat , after 1918 ambassador of Ukraine to Germany and minister, does not come from the baronial-counts line of the family Nikolaus Ritter von Wassilko, 1906.jpg
Theophila von Wassilko (1893–1973) Senior state archivist and deputy head of the Austrian General Archives, does not come from the baronial-counts line of the family Theophila von Wassilko

Denominations and spellings of names

Members of the family were either of Romanian Orthodox or Roman Catholic denominations.

The last name was sometimes incorrectly spelled "von Seretzki" because of the pronunciation. In non-German usage, the surname "Wassilko de Serecki" was also "conţii (de) Vasilco" or as z. B. a person, "Baronul Alexandru Sireteanul". Often the family members were called Baron or Count von Wassilko-Serecki, even in official letters, contrary to the title in the nobility letters. With the Nobility Repeal Act of 1919, the family in Austria was forced to change the surname to "Wassilko" or "Wassilko-Serecki".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Teodor Balan, Prof. univ., Documente bucovinene, Vol. 3, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură “Glasul Bucovinei”, Cernăuți 1937, p. 96/97
  2. ^ Johann Svoboda, lieutenant colonel and troop executive in the Imperial and Royal Ministry of National Defense: "The Theresian Military Academy and its pupils. From the establishment of the institute to our days ”, new series, third volume, printing and publishing house of the imperial-royal court and state printing company, Vienna 1897, p. 148
  3. ^ Heinz Siegert (ed.): "Adel in Österreich", Verlag Kremayr & Scherlau, Vienna 1971, pp. 126–130
  4. ↑ Univ. Prof. Dr. Günther Stökl (ed.), Translated and explained by Peter Nitsche: "The rise of Moscow - excerpts from a Russian chronicle - Volume I, up to the beginning of the 15th century", Verlag Styria (Graz - Vienna - Cologne) 1966, p. 27 ff
  5. ↑ Zoe Countess Wassilko von Serecki, Origin and Fate of Count Wassilko von Serecki in Quality of Time, publication by the Austrian Astrological Society, Vienna 1987, p. 10
  6. ↑ Erich Prokopowitsch: The nobility in the Bukowina, Südostdeutscher Verlag, Munich, 1983, p. 129
  7. ↑ http://www.monitorulsv.ro/Povestea-asezarilor-bucovinene/2011-11-03/LUCAVAT-I#ixzz225LkLNtg
  8. ↑ a b c Gottfried Graf Finck v. Finckenstein: “Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the count's houses”, Volume 1, Verlag des Deutschen Adelsarchivs, Marburg 2016, p. 503 ff, ISBN 978-3-9817243-2-5
  9. ↑ Bucovina faptului divers , issue 1 and 2, Editura Bucovina Viitoare, Suceava, 2002
  10. ^ Ion Drăgușanul: Monitorul de Suceava, Povestea așezărilor bucovinene , Lucavăț (I) November 3, 2011; Panca (I), January 20, 2012
  11. ↑ Teodor Bălan , Prof. univ., Documente bucoviniene, Vol. 3, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuți 1937, p. 32
  12. ↑ http://www.monitorulsv.ro/Povestea-asezarilor-bucovinene/2011-11-03/LUCAVAT-I
  13. ↑ Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Documents bucoviniene, Vol. 3, Institutul de arte grafice și editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuți 1937, p. 31
  14. ^ Eva Lucretia Princess zu Sayn Wittgenstein, Notes on the Wassilko Family, Hangu 1938
  15. ↑ Peter VI.
  16. ↑ Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Documente bucoviniene, Vol. 3, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuți 1937, p. 166
  17. ↑ Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Documente bucoviniene, Vol. 3, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuți 1937, p. 96
  18. ↑ Familia Keşco ( Memento from October 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  19. ^ Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Documente bucoviniene, Vol. 3, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuți 1937, p. 96 f
  20. ↑ Familia Abaza ( Memento from October 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Documente bucoviniene, Vol. 4, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuți 1938, p. 145
  22. ^ Daniel Werenka: "Topography of Bukowina", Czernowitz, 1895, p. 37
  23. ↑ http://www.monitorulsv.ro/Povestea-asezarilor-bucovinene/2010-11-12/Berhomet-pe-Siret-II
  24. ↑ Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ .: Documents bucoviniene, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuți 1937/1939, excerpts from volumes 3 and 5
  25. ↑ Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Documente bucoviniene, Vol. 6, Editura casei şcoalelor şi a culturii poporului, Bucureşti 1943, pp. 324–326 = Testament of the Wassilko couple
  26. ↑ Testimony of the rural class from September 17, 1788, I / 38
  27. ^ Letter of nobility to the knight of Wassilko
  28. ↑ a b c coresno.com , Collegium Res Nobilis Austriae: The nobility of Bukowina
  29. ↑ Austrian Academy of Sciences, The Habsburg Monarchy: 1848–1918. Constitution and Parliamentarism: Volume 2; Volume 7, Issue 2, p. 2183
  30. ↑ Wiener Zeitung no. 263, dated Tuesday, November 12, 1861, p. 3
  31. ↑ Sport and Salon No. 1, from Saturday, January 6, 1906, p. 4
  32. ↑ Wiener Landwirtschaftliche Zeitung No. 5278, from Saturday, August 11, 1917, p. 455
  33. ↑ a b c The Gothaischen Genealogical Pocket Books of the Adels SZ, S. 606, GB 1919
  34. ↑ original transcript from Graf diploma ddo. October 19, 1918 in Vienna
  35. ^ Reichsgesetzblatt for the kingdoms and states represented in the Reichsrat, edition 211 of the hand edition of Austrian laws and ordinances, Annex 179, publisher: Aus der Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1888, p. 783 ff.
  36. ↑ Erich Prokopowitsch: Der Adel in der Bukowina , Südostdeutscher Verlag, Munich, 1983, pp. 141–147, Banilla p. 144
  37. ↑ Bukowinaer Rundschau, Czernowitz, August 22, 1893
  38. ↑ http://www.monitorulsv.ro/Povestea-asezarilor-bucovinene/2011-05-30/CRASNA-II
  39. ^ Austrian Academy of Sciences : The Habsburg Monarchy: 1848–1918. Constitution and Parliamentarism , Volume 2; Volume 7, Issue 2, p. 2183
  40. ^ Letter from the nobility of Jordaki Freiherr Wassilko von Serecki
  41. ↑ Paul Brusanowski: Romanian Orthodox Church Regulations 1786-2008 , Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie, Cologne - Weimar - Vienna, 2011, p. 193
  42. ↑ Bukowiner Rundschau, August 22, 1893
  43. ↑ a b c d Gothaisches Genealogical Pocket Book of the Count's Houses Part B, 114th year, 1941, pp. 536-537
  44. ^ Letter of nobility from Count Wassilko von Serecki
  45. ↑ oeag-astrologie.at  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , The History of the Austrian Astrological Society , 2007@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.oeag-astrologie.at  
  46. ^ Ion Nistor: Istoria Bucovinei , Ed. Humanitas, Bucharest, 1991
  47. ↑ Volodimir Kubiiovici (ed.). Енциклопедія українознавства . Paris-New York, "Life Young," 1954-1989.
  48. ↑ ЦДАВО України, Ф.3696, оп.2, спр.8, Арк.32 зв.
  49. ^ Michael Sturdza: Genealogy Wassilko
  50. ^ Genealogy of the Wassilko family, family archive
  51. ^ Austrian botanical journal, volumes 16-17 in the Google book search

literature

  • Paperback books of the baronial houses. First recording in 1919
  • The Gothaischen Genealogical Pocket Books of the Nobility SZ, S. 606, GB 1919
  • Gothaisches Genealogical Pocket Book of the Count's Houses Part B, pp. 536-537, 114th year, 1941
  • The Gothaischen Genealogical Pocket Books of the Nobility. Plaster v. Rolsberg, FB, 1941.
  • Adler, Zeitschrift für Genealogie und Heraldik, 10th (XXIV.) Volume, Issue 9, 1976
  • Teodor Bălan , Prof. univ., Documente bucovinene, Vol. 1-5, Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuţi 1933–1939
  • Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Documente bucovinene, Vol. 6, Editura casei şcoalelor şi a culturii poporului, Bucureşti 1943
  • Teodor Bălan, Prof. univ., Familia Onciul - studiu şi documente - Institutul de arte grafice şi editură "Glasul Bucovinei", Cernăuţi 1927
  • Ion Nistor, Istoria Bucovinei, Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti 1991
  • Erich Prokopowitsch, The nobility in the Bukowina, publishing house "Der Südostdeutsche", Munich 1983
  • Almanac of the journal of literature "Junimea", Iaşi, 1926
  • Ion Drăguşanul, Bucovina faptului divers, Vol. 1,2, Editura Bucovina Viitoare, Suceava, 2002

Web links

Commons : Wassilko von Serecki  - collection of images, videos and audio files