Wilhelm Bousset

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Wilhelm Bousset (around 1920)

Johann Franz Wilhelm Bousset (born September 3, 1865 in Lübeck , † March 8, 1920 in Gießen ) was a German Protestant theologian . He was a representative of the School of Religious History and taught in Göttingen and Giessen .

Life

Bousset is a descendant of a Huguenot family . His father Johann Hermann Bousset had been a Lutheran pastor at St. Lorenz in Lübeck for 37 years since 1861 . Therese Bousset , widow of Joachim Christian Bousset, whom Thomas Mann immortalized in the Buddenbrooks as Sesemi (nickname for Therese) Weichbroth , was his aunt by marriage. His mother, Auguste Bousset (* February 25, 1837; † April 1897), came from the Hartwig family in Lübeck, the owners of the Steltzner and Schmalz commercial nurseries . This family background shaped his serious piety throughout his life. He attended the Katharineum in Lübeck until he graduated from high school in Easter 1884 and then studied Protestant theology at the universities of Erlangen , Leipzig and Göttingen. In Erlangen he joined the Christian student union Uttenruthia in the winter semester of 1884/85 , where he met Ernst Troeltsch , with whom he had a lifelong friendship. During his student days in Göttingen, he joined the Germania fraternity .

In 1890, Bousset completed his habilitation in New Testament theology at Göttingen University . After several years as a private lecturer , he was appointed associate professor there in 1896 . In 1915 he was elected a member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1916 Bousset accepted a call to the University of Giessen, where he taught until his untimely death in 1920. From 1897 to 1917 he was co-editor of the Theologische Rundschau .

As a member of the Hanoverian State Synod , he aroused the anger of broader church circles with the demand for the active participation of women in the church. In particular, he advocated women's theology studies and advocated the need for women to be parish priest.

Deeply affected by the alienation of the working masses from church and religion, he was enthusiastic about Friedrich Naumann's ideas at an early age and joined the German Democratic Party in 1919 together with his college friend Ernst Troeltsch .

He was married to Marie Bousset geb. Vermehren from Lübeck (1867–1944). His youngest brother was the writer and publisher Hermann Bousset (1871–1953). He also had a sister Elisabeth (* May 22, 1867) and a brother Theodor (* February 18, 1869).

Works

  • Gospel quotations from Justin Martyr examined anew in their value for criticism of the gospels. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1891.
  • Jesus' sermon in opposition to Judaism , Göttingen 1892.
  • The Antichrist in the Tradition of Judaism, the New Testament and the Old Church: A Contribution to the Interpretation of the Apocalypse . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1895.
  • The Religion of Judaism in the New Testament Age (1903), Berlin 2nd edition 1906.
  • Jesus , (Religionsgeschichtliche Volksbücher I. series Heft 2/3, 1904), Tübingen 3rd edition 1907.
  • The Revelation of Johannis (Göttingen 1906)
  • Main Problems of Gnosis. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1907.
  • Our belief in God (Religious history folk books. V series. Sixth booklet), JCB Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen 1908.
  • Kyrios Christos. History of Faith in Christ from the Beginnings of Christianity to Irenaeus. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1913.
  • Jewish-Christian schools in Alexandria and Rome. Literary studies on Philo and Clement of Alexandria, Justin and Irenaeus. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1915 (ND Olms, Hildesheim / Zurich / New York 2004).
  • Jesus the Lord , Göttingen 1916.
  • Apophthegmata. Studies on the history of the oldest monasticism. From the estate, ed. by Theodor Hermann and Gustav Krüger. Mohr, Tübingen 1923 (ND Scientia, Aalen 1969).

literature

  • Angelika Alwast: Johann Franz Wilhelm Bousset. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 12, Neumünster 2006, ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , p. 37ff.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm BautzBousset, Wilhelm. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 722.
  • Friedrich Forssman (ed.): You were Uttenreuther. Life pictures of former Erlangen students. Uttenruthia, Erlangen 1993, DNB 931712734 .
  • Michael Murrmann-Kahl, The disenchanted salvation story. Historicism conquers theology 1880-1920 , Gütersloh 1992, pp. 365–378, 396–404, 413–418, 475–491.
  • Michael Murrmann-Kahl, cult piety instead of teaching. A memory of Wilhelm Bousset's "Kyrios Christos" from a systematic-theological perspective , in: Piety. Historical, systematic and practical perspectives (= Wiener Jahrbuch für Theologie Vol. 11), Göttingen 2016, pp. 111–123.
  • Horst Renz (ed.): Ernst Troeltsch and Wilhelm Bousset as Erlangen students. With unpublished texts. Palm & Enke, Erlangen / Jena 1993, ISBN 3-789-60525-5 .
  • Johann Michael Schmidt:  Bousset, Wilhelm . In: Theologische Realenzyklopädie (TRE). Volume 7, de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1981, ISBN 3-11-008192-X , pp. 97-101.
  • Michael Tilly : Bousset, Wilhelm. In: Metzler Lexicon of Christian Thinkers. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2000, ISBN 3-476-01706-0 , p. 121.
  • Anthonie F. Verheule: Wilhelm Bousset. Life and work. An attempt at the history of theology. Bolland, Amsterdam 1973, ISBN 90-70057-16-6 .
  • The School of Religious History in Göttingen. A documentation by Gerd Lüdemann / Martin Schröder, Göttingen 1987.

Web links

Wikisource: Wilhelm Bousset  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Wilhelm Bousset  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Google books : Roland Harweg: Fiction and double reality: Studies on the double existence of novel and short story locations using the example of the early work of Thomas Mann , p. 162
  2. ^ Hermann Bousset: Pastorenjungs , Berlin, Carl Flemming and CTWiskott, 1922 (in several places).
  3. Owner of the commercial nursery Steltzner & Schmalz Successor was Johann Christian Wilhelm Hartwig. It was named after Johann Siegmund Steltzner and Johann Balthasar Schmalz. Schmalz died on August 7, 1829. Johann Christian Hartwig was elected a member of the parish council of St. Lorenz in December 1860 and confirmed by the Senate in May 1861.
  4. ^ Hermann Genzken: The Abitur graduates of the Katharineum zu Lübeck (grammar school and secondary school) from Easter 1807 to 1907. Borchers, Lübeck 1907. (Supplement to the school program 1907), No. 852.
  5. Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 47.
  6. Bousset, Lübeck, at: ancestry.de