Wilhelm Hartnack

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Wilhelm Hartnack, ca.1962
Wilhelm Hartnack, ca.1962

Wilhelm Hartnack (born January 31, 1893 in Elberfeld , † July 29, 1963 in Laasphe ) was a German geographer , university professor and local researcher .

Life

Wilhelm Hartnack was the son of the daughter school teacher Karl Hartnack and his wife Wilhelmine geb. Spies. He was baptized Evangelical Reformed, but presumably resigned from the church during the Nazi years and from then on referred to himself as “a believer in God”. He first attended the grammar school in Elberfeld (1903-1914), where he also passed the Abitur. In 1914 he became a member of the Frankonia Erlangen fraternity . With the end of the First World War, in which he had participated, he joined the illegal "volunteer corps" of Erlangen civic fraternity students, which formed a formation within the Freikorps' Epp . Hartnack took part in the suppression of the Munich Soviet Republic by the Freikorps, which followed the “white terror” of the Corps with hundreds of deaths against alleged and real supporters of the Soviet government.

After moving from Erlangen to the University of Greifswald , he passed the state examination there in 1921, worked as an assistant at the Geographical Institute of the University of Greifswald from 1921 to 1925 and was awarded a Dr. phil. PhD.

In 1922 he joined the German nationalist DNVP . On May 1, 1933, following an application of a hitherto unknown date, he was accepted into the NSDAP (No. 2.180.260) and in November 1933 into the SS (No. 231.790), in which he was promoted to Obersturmführer . He led the Greifswald site tower.

Since 1927 he worked as a private lecturer in Greifswald and by 1933 at the latest he was assistant to Professor Gustav Braun . In 1933 he made a name for himself through a denunciation by his mentor Gustav Braun, which was based on inaccurate allegations. He accused him of financial misconduct. Braun, who, as Hartnack knew, was under political suspicion, was able to refute the accusations in court and was acquitted. Hartnack, however, had succeeded in being “secured by a teaching assignment with a lump sum”. In addition, he was able to take over the special lecture on military geography and was appointed associate professor in March 1934. He did not receive Braun's chair due to a lack of qualifications, but in 1939 he became a non-scheduled professor of geography at the University of Greifswald.

According to Henrik Eberle , the author of the Greifswald university history from the Nazi era , Hartnack was important for the university insofar as "as an informer he played a key role in promoting the National Socialist reorganization of the university."

Hartnack was awarded the 1st and 2nd Class War Merit Crosses. He was the recipient of the medal in memory of the crusade against communism of the Kingdom of Romania.

As a geographer, Hartnack dealt particularly intensively with the soil and coastal conditions in Pomerania. He wrote monographs on the shifting dunes in Pomerania and published numerous articles in scientific journals. He was editor of the yearbook of the Pomeranian Geographical Society .

After the end of the Nazi regime, Hartnack returned to the place where his family came from. He was denazified there with category IV as a minor burden. In 1953 he gave as his address: Laasphe / Westphalia, Wittgenstein Castle . From then on he worked as a homeland researcher. In the 1950s he took care of the archive of the Keppel Monastery and systematically arranged the existing documents in 280 compartments. In the following period he dealt with historical and cultural topics of the Wittgensteiner Land . In the period 1956–1962 he was editor of the Wittgenstein club magazine - sheets of the Wittgensteiner Heimatverein . In 1957 he was elected a full member of the Historical Commission for Westphalia . On the occasion of his 70th birthday, the neighboring Siegerland Heimatverein honored him with the award of the Siegerland Taler in recognition of his services to researching the history of the Keppel Abbey . Hartnack died after a long illness and was buried on August 1, 1963 in Laasphe.

His Nazi résumé was never disclosed or discussed throughout his life and for many decades beyond.

Publications (selection)

  • Moving dunes in Pomerania - their shape and origin. Greifswald 1925, DNB 573667942 .
  • Contributions to a history of the development of the cartography of Pomerania with special consideration of unpublished handwritten maps. Greifswald 1926.
  • The East Pomeranian coast . 1924, DNB 570684897 .
  • The East Pomerania coast with special consideration of the morphology. (2nd supplement to the 43rd / 44th yearbook of the Geographical Society Greifswald). Greifswald 1926, DNB 363951334 .
  • 45 years of the Geographical Society Greifswald. Reprint from No. 55 of the Greifswalder Zeitung of March 6, 1927. Julius Abel Publishing House, Greifswald 1927, DNB 573667888 .
  • Physiographic sketches by Waldeck . 1928, DNB 573667926 .
  • Madeira - cultural history of an island. 1930, DNB 363951342 .
  • Surface design of the East Pomeranian border mark. In: Nik. Creutzburg (Ed.): Northeast I - Landscapes of the German Northeast. 1931, pp. 99-127. (With map of the submarine relief off the East Pomeranian coast)
  • On the origin and development of the shifting dunes on the German Baltic Sea coast - a comparative study of shifting dunes. Leipzig 1931.
  • Pomerania's coastal and borderland location as geographical conditions. In: Pomerania - the borderland by the sea. 1931, DNB 362307806 .
  • (together with G. Braun) The Prussian Province of Pomerania in the new division of Germany. 1932.
  • Morphogenesis of the Northeast Rhine Slate Mountains (Sauerland, Siegerland, Waldeck, Westerwald) - A contribution to the morphology of German low mountain ranges. Greifswald / Bamberg 1932, DNB 57366790X .
  • Pomerania - Basics of regional studies. Publication series of the Göttingen working group. Issue 31, February 1953, Holzner-Verlag, Kitzingen / Main.
  • The Wittgenstein Forest and its use through the ages. 1954.
  • Wittgenstein's economic structure and spatial relationships. In: Westphalian research - communications of the Provincial Institute for Westphalian regional and folklore. 7th volume (1953–1954), Verlag Aschendorff / Böhlau Verlag, 1954.
  • The emergence of Berleburg - historical-critical remarks. 1958, DNB 451847067 .
  • The Laaspher Hof pharmacy . In: Wittgensteiner Heimatverein. Issue 4, 1960.
  • as editor: The Wittgensteiner Landrecht according to the original codex of 1579. Laasphe 1960, DNB 458774464 .
  • together with Heinz Flender: Keppel Abbey in Siegerlande 1239–1951. Volume 1, self-published, 1963; (together with Juliane Freiin von Bredow) Stift Keppel in Siegerlande 1239 to 1971. Volume 2: History of the school and boarding school. 1871-1971. Stiftsfonds, Stift Keppel 1971, DNB 740714414 .
  • as editor, with the collaboration of Eberhard Bauer and Werner Wied : The Berleburger Chroniken of Georg Cornelius, Antonius Crawelius and Johann Daniel Scheffer (1488–1799, supplemented by an annual chronicle from 1822). Adalbert Carl, Laasphe 1964, DNB 367406896 .

literature

  • Herrmann AL Degener (Ed.): Who is it? - Our contemporaries. 10th edition, 1935, DNB 011194316
  • Werner Wied: Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Hartnack. with a list of his work on Wittgenstein's regional studies (obituary). In: Wittgenstein - Blätter des Wittgensteiner Heimatverein eV Volume 27, Volume 51, Issue 1/2, Wittgenstein 1963, pp. 2-6
  • Jochen Karl Mehldau : Wilhelm Hartnack estate. In: Wittgenstein - Blätter des Wittgensteiner Heimatverein eV Volume 75, Volume 99, Issue 2, Wittgenstein 2011, pp. 83–84

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Theodor Hurtig, Eginhard Wegner : From the history of the Geographical Institute. In: Festschrift for the 500th anniversary of the University of Greifswald. Volume 2, Greifswald 1956, p. 514.
  2. ^ Not on April 28th, as stated in Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau , Volume 17, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, 1964.
  3. ^ Report on the school year 1913/1914, p. 23 ( online ).
  4. ↑ [1] .
  5. ^ Ernst Elsheimer (ed.): Directory of the old fraternity members according to the status of the winter semester 1927/28 , Frankfurt am Main 1928, p. 180.
  6. ↑ Henrik Eberle : "A valuable instrument." The University of Greifswald under National Socialism , Cologne et al. 2015, p. 800.
  7. ↑ [2] .
  8. ^ Geographical Journal , Volume 40, 1934.
  9. ↑ Henrik Eberle , “A valuable instrument”. The University of Greifswald under National Socialism , Cologne et al. 2015, p. 801.
  10. ↑ [3] .
  11. ↑ Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar. Volume 16, part 1, de Gruyter, 1954.
  12. ↑ Henrik Eberle, “A valuable instrument”. The University of Greifswald under National Socialism , Cologne et al. 2015, p. 25.
  13. ↑ For this and the information on memberships see: VVN-BdA Siegerland-Wittgenstein: Wilhelm Hartnack , in: Regionales Personenlexikon zum Nationalozialismus in der Altkreise Siegen and Wittgenstein , Siegen 2014.
  14. ^ Wilhelm Hartnack: Pomerania - Basics of a regional study. Publication series of the Göttingen working group. Issue 31, February 1953, Holzner-Verlag, Kitzingen / Main, p. 28.
  15. ↑ Alexander Völkel: Rulers came and went - the archive went with them. Hilchenbach January 15, 2010. (online)
  16. ↑ Start. Retrieved May 13, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Hartnack, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geographer, university professor and local researcher
DATE OF BIRTH January 31, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Elberfeld
DATE OF DEATH July 29, 1963
Place of death Laasphe