Yihewani

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Yihewani ( Chinese  依 赫瓦尼 , Pinyin Yīhèwǎní , also Ikhwan ; from Arabic الإخوان al-Ichwan , DMG al-Iḫwān  'Brotherhood') is an Islamic school / movement / sect in China . It is a Hanafi , non- Sufi school of the Sunni tradition. It is also known as the "New Sect" or "Newest Sect". It is mainlywidespreadin Qinghai , Ningxia and Gansu (there in Linxia ) and also in Beijing , Shanghai , Henan , Shandong and Hebei . It was the end of the 19th century by Ma Wanfu (1849 to 1934) - a Dongxiang - Imam (today from the village of Guoyuan in Hezhou Autonomous County of Dongxiang in the Autonomous County Linxia Hui , Gansu Province) - founded in Mecca studied and was influenced by the Wahhabists . After his return to Gansu, he started the movement with the so-called ten great Akhunds . The school rejects Sufism . She claims that rites and ceremonies are inconsistent with the Holy Quran and that the hadith should be abolished. It is against Grabanlagen- and Murshid occurs (leader / teacher) -Verehrung and ensure that the preaching and Da'wa done in Chinese. In 1937 it split into two factions. According to Hu Fan, her teaching focuses on the following:

“Worship Allah, honor the Quran; to maintain the reference to the epoch of Muhammad; to defend anything that conforms to the manners and customs of the Koran and Sunni regulations; to represent the slogan "Down with menhuan 門 宦 and with gongbei 拱北 "; to forbid the veneration of saints and tombs; to observe the five pillars; to require the recitation of the Quranic verses in strict Arabic pronunciation; to keep the thumb up when giving testimony as a sign of the uniqueness of Allah, etc. "

Ikhwan (Yihewani), along with Qadim (Gedimu) and Xidaotang, is one of the three great school traditions of China .

literature

Chinese literature

  • Ma Kexun 马克勋: "Zhongguo Yisilanjiao Yihewanyi pai di changdaozhe - Ma Wanfu (Guoyuan)" 中国 伊斯兰教 伊赫瓦尼 派 的 倡导者 —— 马万福 （果园） [The founder of China's Islamic Ikhwan Movement: Ma Wanfu ( Guoyuan)]. In: Yisilanjiao zai Zhongguo [Islam in China], ed. Gansu Provincial Ethnology Department. Yinchuan: Ningxia Renmin chubanshe 1982 (Chinese)
  • Ma Zhanbiao: "Yihewani jiaopei yu Ma Wanfu" (Yihewani and Ma Wanfu), In: Xibei Huizu yu Yiselanjiao. Yinchuan : Ningxia Renmin chubanshe 1994 (Chinese)

reference books

  • Cihai ("Sea of ​​Words"), Shanghai cishu chubanshe, Shanghai 2002, ISBN 7-5326-0839-5

References and comments

  1. ↑ One of the four great schools of law in Islam.
  2. ↑ Chinese Xinjiao pai 新 教派
  3. ↑ Chinese Xinxinjiao 新 新教
  4. ↑ Cihai , S. 2002.
  5. ↑ Chinese shi da ahong 十大 阿訇; the Cihai speaks of ten great Hajjis (shi da haji 十大 哈吉).
  6. ↑ Shoujiang Mi, Jia You ( Chapter 2.2 .: "Birth and Growth of Sects and Menhuans" ( Memento from June 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive ))
  7. ↑ chinaculture.org: Yihewani pai ( Memento of November 2, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (found on March 27, 2010)
  8. ↑ Hu Fan: Islam in Shaanxi: Past and Present . Bonn 2008, p. 176, which in turn is based on the " Great Dictionary of Chinese Islam " by Qiu Shusen , which certainly means the Zhongguo Huizu da cidian 中国 回族 大 词典 (Great Dictionary of the Chinese Hui Nationality ), Nanjing 1992 should. - For the content of the teaching cf. Woguo Yisilanjiao jiaopai he menguan ( Memento from September 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) ("Sects and Menhuan of Islam in China")
  9. ↑ Zhongguo de sanda jiaopai 中国 的 三大 教派 or in short: Sanda jiaopai 三大 教派: Gedimu 格 底 目 (Qadīm), Yihewani 伊赫瓦尼 (Ikhwānī), Xidaotang 西 道 堂 (Chinese school).
Yihewani (alternative names of the lemma)
al-Ikhwān, Yihewani 依 赫瓦尼, Ikhwan, Xinjiao pai 新 教派, Xinxinjiao 新 新教, Ahl al-Sunni 艾赫勒 · 逊 奈, Yihewani pai 依 合 瓦尼 派, 凭 经 行 教, 遵 经 革 俗,遵 经 派, 圣 行 派