Zakrzewo (Powiat Złotowski)
| Zakrzewo | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Złotowski | ||
| Gmina : | Zakrzewo | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 25 ' N , 17 ° 9' E | ||
| Residents : | 1620 | ||
| Postal code : | 77-424 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 67 | ||
| License plate : | PZL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 188 : Piła - Złotów - Człuchów | ||
| Rail route : | PKP route 426: Piła – Tczew | ||
| Next international airport : | Poses | ||
Zakrzewo ( German Zakrzewo , 1935–45 Buschdorf ) is a village in the powiat Złotowski of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with 4897 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
Geographical location
Zakrzewo is located in West Prussia on the east bank of the Glumia river, which flows into the Gwda (Küddow) , about six kilometers northeast of the town of Złotów (Flatow) and forty kilometers northeast of the town of Piła (Schneidemühl) .
history
Already in 1491 Zakrzewo (the place name Zakrzewo occurs 25 times in today's Poland) as a church village. In 1544 the village belonged to an estate owned by Adalbert and Johannes Zakrzewski. In the first half of the 19th century, the lordship founded the New Zakrzewo colony , in which they mainly settled Protestant colonists, on land about three and a half kilometers from the old town center, which was granted to it in 1822 when the landlord and peasant conditions were regulated .
In 1871 the place received a station of the Prussian Eastern Railway ( Berlin - Königsberg (Prussia) ), today a station on the railway line Tczew – Küstrin-Kietz border .
Before 1945 the village belonged to the Flatow district , until 1920 in the West Prussian administrative district of Marienwerder , then in the province of Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia and from 1938 in the administrative district of the same name in the Prussian province of Pomerania . It belonged to the administrative district Glumen (now Polish: Głomsk). Associated localities were:
- Neu Buschdorf (now Polish: Nowe Zakrzewo )
- Small, medium and large Friedrichsberg ( Drożyska Małe , Średnie and Wielkie )
Towards the end of the Second World War , the region was occupied by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . The village was then placed under Polish administration. Unless the resident German villagers had fled, they were expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities in the following period .
Zakrzewo has been part of the Powiat Złotowski in the Greater Poland Voivodeship since 1945 (1975 to 1998 Piła Voivodeship ) and has been the seat and eponymous place of the rural community since 1973.
Population numbers
| year | Check- residents |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1766 | 176 | |
| 1852 | 500 | |
| 1864 | 972 | total (in Zakrzewo: 676, of which 559 Catholics and 101 Evangelicals; in Neu Zakrzewo: 274, of which 169 Evangelicals and 105 Catholics) |
| 1900 | 1,124 | including 78.1% Poland |
| 1925 | 1,203 | including 223 Protestants, 975 Catholics and five Jews |
| 1933 | 1,159 | |
| 1939 | 1,171 | including 81.9% Poland (after other 1,214) |
religion
Catholic parish
The majority of the residents of Zakrzewo were of the Catholic denomination in the 19th century , especially since the Polish-speaking part of the village population predominated. Since the population of the Flatow district predominantly belonged to the Protestant denomination, there was no Catholic church in many villages. Around 1800 Zakrzewo was the seat of a Roman Catholic provost house , in which the Catholics of the neighboring villages were parish without their own Catholic church; Pastor Tuszynski acted as provost at that time. Around the middle of the 19th century, the Catholics of the following villages belonged to the Catholic parish of Zakrzewo: Groß Friedrichsberg, Glumen, Karlsdorf, Königsdorf, Lanken, Linde, Ossowo, Pottlitz, Wersk and Polish Wisniewke. Pastor Bolesław Domański worked here from 1903 to 1939 , who was also politically active and campaigned for the interests of Polish minorities in the Weimar Republic . Today the parish belongs to the deanery Złotów I (Flatow) in the Bydgoszcz (Bromberg) diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland .
Catholic village church
In the 18th century Zakrzewo was one of four of a total of nineteen villages in the Flatow district that had their own Catholic church. The church, built in 1710, was a half-timbered building .
The Catholic Church Mariji Magdaleni (" Maria Magdalena ") was founded in 1839 at the expense of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. built and is a massive construction made of field stones.
Evangelical parish
The Protestant church members in Zakrzewo still do not have their own place of worship. Before 1945 they visited the church in Königsdorf (today in Polish: Czernice). It belonged to the church district Flatow of the church province West Prussia in the church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman before 1945 was Pastor Martin Mey .
Today the evangelical believers are members of the parish Piła (Schneidemühl) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
school
There was already a school in Zakrzewo in 1653. The Catholic elementary school, which was used in the 19th century, dates back to 1810. Today it bears the name of Pastor Domański in recognition of his services to the Poles living in Germany from 1931 until his death in 1939.
The Protestant students from the Neu Zakrzewo colony initially attended a Protestant elementary school in a neighboring colony, but then also attended the Catholic school in Zakrzewo, where a teacher from a neighboring parish gave them Protestant religious instruction. Because of the long way to school, the Prussian government decided in the second half of the 19th century to set up an additional Protestant elementary school in Neu Zakrzewo.
local community
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Zakrzewo includes the village itself and 13 other villages with school offices (sołectwa). The community area covers 162.5 km².
The eastern boundary of the municipality is also the border of the powiat Złotowski to the powiat Sępoleński ( Zempelburg ) or the Voivodeship of Greater Poland and the Voivodeship of Kuyavian-Pomeranian . Between 1920 and 1939 the border between the German Reich and the " Polish Corridor " ran here .
traffic
Streets
By Zakrzewo leading into a north-south direction provincial road 188 , which the municipality with the district towns Człuchów ( Pomerania ), Pila ( Pila ) and Złotów ( Flatow connects).
rails
Zakrzewo has been on the former Prussian Eastern Railway since 1871 , which connected Berlin with Königsberg (Prussia) , today's Polish state railway line 426 between Kostrzyn ( Küstrin ) and Tczew ( Dirschau ). As early as 1929 the Zakrzewo train station was given the name "Buschdorf". From 1935 this name was used for the entire place.
Personalities
- Witold Nowacki (1911–1986), Polish university professor in Gdansk and Warsaw
- Bolesław Domański (1872–1939), local Catholic priest since 1903; worked from 1931 to 1939 as leader of the Union of Poles in Germany (Polish: Związek Polaków w Niemczech ).
literature
- Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmitt : The Flatow district. In all of his relationships . Thorn 1867, p. 270.
- Otto Goerke: The Flatow district. In geographical, natural history and historical relationships . District Committee, Thorn 1918 (2nd edition: Home District Committee for the Flatow District, Gifhorn 1981 (also contains: Manfred Vollack: The Flatower Land in the period from 1918 to 1945. )).
- Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 . Part 1: The parishes and their positions. Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia V., Hamburg 1968 ( special publications of the Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia eV 11, ISSN 0505-2734 ).
- Manfred Vollack : The Flatower Land. An illustrated book of our home in the border region . Home district committee for the Flatow district, Gifhorn 1989.
Web links
- Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The Zakrzewo community in the former Flatow district in Pomerania (2011).
- William Remus: Zakrzewo, Flatow County, West Prussia (2015) (English).
- Zakrzewo in the family book Polzin
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Prussian House of Representatives: Collection of all printed matter from the House of Representatives from the third session of the fifth legislative period in 1861 . Volume 4, Berlin 1861, pp. 27-33.
- ^ A b Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmitt : The Flatow district. In all of his relationships . Thorn 1867, p. 298.
- ^ E. Jacobson: Topographical-static manual for the administrative district Marienwerder . Danzig 1868. Directory of the Marienwerder administrative district: Flatow district , pp. 16-17.
- ↑ http://gemeinde.zakrzewo.kreis-flatow.de/
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. flatow.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Karl Ludewig Amelang (Ed.): New archive of Prussian legislation and legal scholarship . Volume 1, Berlin 1800, p. 272.
- ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmitt : Topography of the districts of West Prussia belonging to the former network district . In: New Prussian Provincial Papers. Another series, Volume 7, Königsberg 1855, pp. 42 ff., In particular pp. 61-66.
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II: Topography of West Prussia , Marienwerder 1789, pp. 104-105.