Zdeněk Nejedlý

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Zdeněk Nejedlý and Karla Majernikova
Grave in the Vyšehrad cemetery in Prague

Zdeněk Nejedlý (born February 10, 1878 in Litomysl , † March 9, 1962 in Prague ) was a Czech historian, literary and musicologist and from 1945 an important communist politician.

Life and family

Zdeněk Nejedlý was the son of the music teacher, music publisher and composer Roman Nejedly (1844-1920) and father of the conductor and composer Vit Nejedly (1912-1945). He attended high school in Litomyšl , studied history and aesthetics at the philosophical faculty of Charles University in Prague from 1896 and at the same time took a musical education. During these years he went to the Caucasus and visited Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy there . At the university he was taught by Jaroslav Goll , Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and Otakar Hostinský , and privately in music theory by Zdeněk Fibich . In 1900 he received a doctorate in philosophy, in 1905 he completed his habilitation in musicology, and in 1908 he became associate professor and in 1919 full professor of musicology at the philosophical faculty of Charles University in Prague. In the 1920s he joined the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and became its active member.

After the occupation of Czechoslovakia by the German Wehrmacht , Nejedlý emigrated to the Soviet Union and was in exile from 1939 to 1945, at the end of the Second World War. During this time he taught history at Moscow's Lomonosov University and was elected deputy chairman of the All-Slavic Committee in 1941.

From 1945/1946 and 1948 to 1953 he took over the post of minister of culture in several governments of Czechoslovakia , from 1946 to 1948 he was minister for occupational health and safety and social welfare in the Klement Gottwald I government , from 1952 to 1962 he was president of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and 1953 Deputy Prime Minister.

Zdenek Nejedly had been one of the leading communist intellectuals, journalist and chairman of numerous associations sympathizing with the communist movement since the 1920s. After 1945, and especially after 1948, he led the reorganization of the entire Czechoslovak cultural and educational system based on the Soviet model. In his scientific work he made extensive contributions to general and cultural history in Bohemia , which found their way into Czech textbooks and literature. In 1954 he was awarded the Soviet Order of Lenin and in 1957 the Czechoslovak Peace Prize.

Works

Nejedlý's works are prime examples of the implementation of socialist theories. His collected works comprise 54 volumes, 1948 ff. He propagated works by Bedřich Smetana and Alois Jirásek ; in the case of the latter, he received royalties from its plant.

Historical works

  • Mládí mistra Jana z Rokycan , 1899
  • Catechism estetiky, 1902
  • Dějiny české hudby, 1903
  • Poměr zpěvu husitského k hudbě předhusitské, 1904
  • Dějiny předhusitského zpěvu v Čechách, 1904
  • Počátky husitského zpěvu, 1907
  • Dějiny husitského zpěvu za válek husitských, 1913
  • Spor o smysl českých dějin, 1914
  • Mistr Jan Hus a jeho pravda, 1919
  • Otakara Hostinského Estetika, 1921
  • Spisy menší ZN, 1921-22
  • Božena Němcová a Ratibořické údolí, 1922
  • Nietzschova tragédie, 1926
  • Všeobecné dějiny hudby, 1916-30
  • Hus a naše doba, 1936
  • Moskevské stati v Československých listech 1943–45, 1946
  • Komunisté - dědici velikých tradic českého národa, 1946
  • Buoy o nové Rusko, 1948
  • Dějiny Sovětského svazu, 1948
  • Sebrané spisy 1–51, 1948–56 (nevydán sv. 18 a 32–34)
  • Čtyři studie o Aloisu Jiráskovi , 1949
  • Dějiny národa českého I, 1949–55
  • Masaryk ve vývoji české společnosti a státu, 1950
  • Nedělní epištoly, 1954–56
  • Kniha o kultuře, 1955.

Biographies

literature

Web links

Commons : Zdeněk Nejedlý  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Nejedlý, Zdeněk
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech historian, literary critic and musicologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 10, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Leitomischl
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1962
Place of death Prague