Minden coal mine
| Minden coal mine | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Operating company | Ilseder Hütte AG | ||
| Start of operation | 1820 | ||
| End of operation | 1958 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Greatest depth | 500 m | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 52 ° 16 '3 " N , 8 ° 57' 9" E | ||
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| Location | Meissen | ||
| local community | Minden | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Minden-Lübbecke | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Mindener district | ||
The Minden coal mine was located in the East Westphalian district of Minden in North Rhine-Westphalia and from 1820 to 1958 mined hard coal from two Wealden coal seams on the eastern bank of the Weser , the main seam with 103 cm and the secondary seam with 31 cm thickness. The main seam only contained 30 cm of pure coal, but the secondary seam was one hundred percent.
history
Prussian Clus colliery
Under the former name of the coal mine “Prussian Clus”, the coal seam east of the Weser was first explored from 1820 through several boreholes and an experimental shaft . This was found by chance in a quarry in the neighboring clus, which belongs to Schaumburg. As of 1822, the planned coal mining in Meißen began, the further planning was based on the mining process of the neighboring mine , the Bölhorst coal mine . Ten shafts from 46 m to 75 m depth were planned, from which a horse peg should be used, and a steam engine was planned for the swamp .
However, the Minden-Ravensberg union , which had previously operated the Bölhorster colliery, stopped mining in Meißen very soon, and calls to restart mining by the Dortmund Oberbergamt did not meet with approval. As a result, in 1827 the Upper Mining Office withdrew the union's privileges on the mining fields , which had existed since 1744. The trades Luther Küpper Wengern put subsequently presumption in Bergamt one, not only for the Berechtsamsfelder east but west of the Weser. Already in 1833 we gave him the Berechtsame and put it by the Mining Office Dortmund an award certificate from.
1834 was then the newly m to 73 geteuften shaft Prussian Clus in Meissen promoted (now a district of Minden). The mine at that time also included a weather and a test shaft . The colliery site was about 950 meters away from what would later become the Meißen-Dorf facility (now an industrial park), which did not yet exist at the time. On the former colliery site or the mining dump of the Prussian clus, there is now a Friends of Nature House . In the vicinity, some street names are still reminiscent of the mining era, including Alte Halde , Steigerweg , Stollenweg and Glückaufweg . The mine was shut down in 1847, the reason given was the insufficient power of the steam engine, which was used, among other things, for drainage . The steam engine was too weak, so that the pit drowned.
Meissen colliery
Between 1847 and 1876 no coal was mined on the eastern bank of the Weser near Meißen and mining ceased. But after the coal supplies at the neighboring Vereinigte Laura & Bölhorst colliery slowly came to an end, the Meißen coal mining industry began to show interest again. From 1878 onwards, a new shaft in Meißen-Dorf was used . The Meissen shaft, sunk in 1876-78, had a diameter of 3 × 4 meters. From there, the coal was brought to the surface from the longwall via stretches and tunnels and further processed on site, after 1910 also in our own coking plant .
At that time, a small steel winding tower was used to transport the coal and miners from the mine. Only later did a large steel colossus follow on the Notthorn mine, which was operated with large motorized winches with a hoisting machine house.
The Meissen shaft was brought to a depth of 186 meters, which was mediocre at the time. The Notthorn shaft that was built later exceeded the depth of the old shaft by lengths; Until the colliery was closed in 1958, the shaft was brought to a total depth of around 480 meters.
The "Prussian Clus Union" was reorganized on April 1st, 1920 into the "Kohlenbergwerk Minden GmbH". A few years later, in January 1924, the coal mine in Minden GmbH became the property of Ilseder Hütte AG as a result of reorganization in the mining industry. The rightful fields belonging to the mine also came into the possession : Westliche Hoffnung, Rothenuffeln, Krüger's Hope, Glückauf, Luther, Adelheid, Bölhorst, Aussicht, Laura, Laura II, Gertrud, Ludwig, Prussian Clus, Prussian Clus II, as well as the later lease field Preussag.
Mining accidents
During the construction of a weather shaft (later weather shaft I) in 1880, a severe firedamp explosion interrupted the work and claimed the lives of 17 mine workers, 16 miners were injured, some seriously. Due to this explosion of the mine gas , the completion of the weather shaft, which was next to today's Meißen primary school, was delayed until 1883.
On June 6, 1926, a pump attendant was killed by a firedamp explosion from the weather shaft II. Since the unlucky day was a Sunday, there were no more deaths to mourn. A mine gas blower in the peeling scraper brace ignited in January 1956 when the peeling knife cracked sparks on the pebble-sulphurous hanging wall . People were not harmed.
Notthorn mine
After a construction period of almost three years, from 1930 the round brick Notthorn shaft was also used. The shaft had a diameter of 4.50 meters and was about 800 meters as the crow flies from the Meißen shaft. The old shaft in the village was shut down very soon after the Notthorn mine went into operation and continued to be used as a weather shaft. An in-house brick factory was housed in some of the old buildings in Meißen.
Coal was mined on a total of 11 civil engineering levels by the end of operation. 11. The sole at 479 m depth was a blind shaft with cross passage connected to the seventh, the sole 380 meters. The deepest point of the mine was around 500 m, in a longwall below the 11th underground level.
The annual output ranged between 40,000 and 50,000 tons of coal. In the years 1949 and 1952, the mine even produced more than 50,000 t with a workforce of around 440 men.
In 1953, the Minden coal mine was incorporated into the Friedrich der Große AG hard coal mine from Herne. The corporation acted as a subsidiary of Ilseder Hütte AG.
Mine skirts
As the last shaft of the colliery, the Röcke shaft was sunk with a depth of 120 meters in 1940/41. Like the Notthorn shaft, it was built as a circular shaft with an enormous diameter of seven meters. The mine in skirts worked according to Lower Saxony law, so it sometimes happened that the miners in Meißen had a public holiday, but they worked in skirts. The system in the Preussag lease field was ventilated over a 440 m long, 22 ° north-east sloping stretch, which was built with a wooden door frame . The mouth hole of the weather route was in a small forest, north-south of the Röcker miners' settlement. In order for the underground weather to circulate better, a pit ventilator was mounted on a concrete base above the mouth hole. The coal extracted in skirts was transported by truck to the Notthorn mine, from where it was transported by cable car to Meißen for processing.
The shutdown
In the general German colliery that began in the late 1950s, the Minden coal mine had to close in 1958. The reasons for the closure of the mine were given as the low seam thickness and the associated efforts. Another reason given was that there was too much pressure on the Meißen colliery, so many of the routes were broken . At that time, an attempt was made to substantiate this claim with a few photos of collapsed routes, but the works council was able to refute it internally. The photos presented were taken in a so-called old man , a disused area, and were intended to speed up the closure of the pit.
As early as 1956, the Röcke mine was shut down, and the entire coal mine was shut down almost two years later. With parts of the heap in Meißen, all shafts, weather shafts and the mouth hole were filled in skirts , the other part of the heap was only built as a dam much later when the new driveway B482 / B65n was built. The shaft in Röcke was completely removed, today not a single stone bears witness to the former mining in nearby Lower Saxony. The situation is different in the Minden area of the mine, at the Notthorn mine the headframe was removed after the shutdown and the coal bunker with loading station on the platform demolished, but all other historic mining buildings have been preserved. Some overgrown railway tracks, as well as the administration building, the wash house , the hoisting machine house and the water tower still bear witness to more than a hundred years of coal mining near Meissen. The old buildings are exposed to decay due to the weather and without being used.
After the colliery was closed, a chemical factory was housed in the hoisting machine house, where tests were carried out until the 1960s or 1970s. However, after an explosion, the factory was closed.
The buildings of the large mine site in Meißen were completely demolished in the 1980s, and a new industrial park was established there from 1986. Only two large lanterns on the former platform and a small remnant of the mining dump, which today functions as a wall to protect against noise from the nearby B65n, have survived.
With the festive participation of Barbara Erzbergbau AG from the neighboring town of Nammen, a colliery monument was inaugurated in the center of Meißen on September 1, 1985 with the participation of the public. An old cart, like the one used in Meißen for coal mining, with a plaque on it, has since been a reminder of the hard work of the miners underground and the long history of Meißen coal mining .
literature
- Hans Röhrs : ore and coal. Mining and ironworks between Ems and Weser . Ibbenbürener Vereinsdruckerei (IVD), Ibbenbüren 1992, ISBN 3-921290-62-7 .
- Stefan C. Arntz: Mining Minden-Porta - Moving history and adventure. Excerpt, 2004.
See also
Web links
- Mining on minden.de
- Thomas Krassmann: Materials on the geology and mining of the Schaumburger Land. (PDF; 2.7 MB)
- Notthorn shaft on LostAreas