Armory (Überlingen)
The former armory in Überlingen is located directly on the lake promenade and is a cultural monument that shapes the cityscape . A cityscape from 1560 already shows the building with its characteristic stepped gables .
history
The origin of the building is uncertain; towards the end of the 15th century it was probably used as the bath of the Überlingen Holy Spirit Hospital . In the early 17th century the building was rebuilt and then used as a municipal fruit box .
After the former armory at Enge Lesee in the southeastern area of the city walls (at today's coat port ) in the Thirty Years' War in the Swedish siege was partially destroyed the city in 1634, was moved to the city's arsenal in 1650 in the less vulnerable fruit box at the seaside town wall, simultaneously broke parts of the old armory. The old armory existed as a ruin until the middle of the 19th century , when the first sea schools building was erected on this site.
Several alterations in the armory followed by 1800. Towards the end of the imperial city period, during the course of the two coalition wars, there was an increased number of troops moving through and billeting of French and allied soldiers in Überlingen. Before the French finally left the city on June 10, 1800, they confiscated all weapons and objects in the armory and then took them with them to Constance . The city was left with 150,000 florins property damage. Among the confiscated weapons were 34 cannons , some of which were already museum-worthy at that time , around five hundred muskets , three hundred double hooks, several swords , spears and eighteen armor .
After 1803
After the end of the Reichsstadtzeit as a result of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 and the associated dissolution of the armory, the building served several different purposes. From the middle of the 19th century, the ground floor was used as a slaughterhouse , with the upper floors being used for Protestant services , as a gymnasium for the gymnastics club and as a storage location for the Leopold-Sophien-Bibliothek .
In 1871 the Kulturhistorisches Naturalien-Kabinett only opened on the upper floor of the armory, after the slaughterhouse had moved out into the entire building. Remnants of the collection donated by the parish priest Franz Sales Wocheler in 1831, various art objects , historical weapons and trophies as well as old Überlingen cultural assets were exhibited there . The municipal museum in the Reichlin-von-Meldegg-Haus was later created from this collection . When the Kulturhistorisches Naturalien-Kabinett and the Leopold-Sophien-Bibliothek moved into rented rooms in the stone house in 1886 , the city rented the armory. It was then mainly as a workshop , flat , magazine and Zunftstube the Narrenzunft Ueberlingen used. The structural condition of the house deteriorated noticeably from the end of the 19th century until the city sold the historic building to private customers in 1974.
A thorough renovation of the armory, which was partially in danger of collapsing, followed after the sale. After it was completely gutted , it received, among other things, the timber and beam work that had been rebuilt on a reinforced concrete skeleton , which consists of the original beams of the armory that have been preserved. It also received a completely new roof structure , which is equipped with numerous dormers . The main facade was restored according to the old original model ( sundial with coat of arms , painted corner blocks and the inscription "Zeughaus"), whereby the corner paintings were only rediscovered during the ongoing construction work. In addition to the restorations, three new loopholes were created on the ground floor to replace two larger windows in order to create a historical overall picture. In order to create an apparently historical environment on the lake promenade, which was newly built at the same time in the 1970s, the forecourt by the lake was paved and a cannon was placed there. In 1975 a weapons museum opened in the armory.
Todays use
At the beginning of the 21st century , the armory stood empty for a while after the weapons museum was closed, until the ground floor was converted into a restaurant in 2004 and the upper floors converted into business premises and holiday apartments. During the work on the ground floor, an arrow slit was replaced by a doorway. Although the loopholes were not historical, the replacement by the Tübingen State Monuments Office was criticized.
literature
- Alois Schneider, Regional Council Stuttgart, State Office for Monument Preservation, City of Überlingen (ed.): Archaeological City Register Baden-Württemberg Volume 34 Überlingen. Regional Council Stuttgart State Office for Monument Preservation 2008, ISBN 978-3-927714-92-2 .
- Alfons Semler: Überlingen - Pictures from the history of a small imperial city. Oberbadischer Verlag, Singen 1949.
- City of Überlingen (ed.): Überlingen. Image of a city. Looking back on 1200 years of history in Überlingen. 770-1970. Konrad, Weißenhorn 1970.
- Gerda Koberg: Armory, defense and weapons trade in Überlingen in the time of the imperial city. Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings 95th Jg., Stettner, Lindau 1975, ISSN 0342-2070.
- Friedrich Hebsacker: The renovation of the Überlinger armory. Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings 95th Jg., Stettner, Lindau 1975, ISSN 0342-2070 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ New future for the old armory In: Südkurier of September 3, 2002 http://www.suedkurier.de/region/bodenseekreis-oberschwaben/ueberlingen/Neue-Zukunft-fuer-das-alte-Zeughaus;art372495,26794
- ↑ Hanspeter Walter: Zeughaus: future use open again In: Südkurier from August 6, 2003 http://www.suedkurier.de/region/bodenseekreis-oberschwaben/ueberlingen/Zeughaus-Kuenftige-Nutzen-wieder-offen;art372495,560662
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 46 ′ 0.2 ″ N , 9 ° 9 ′ 26.9 ″ E