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==Biography==
==Biography==
Jackson was born in [[Manlius, New York|Manlius]], [[Onondaga County, New York|Onondaga County]], [[New York (state)|New York]],<ref name="Garrison1971"/> to James and Mary Ann Elderkin Jackson.<ref name="Dansville">{{cite book |last1=Quick |first1=F.I. |title=Dansville: Historical, Biographical, Descriptive |date=1902 |publisher=Instructor Publishing Co. |location=Dansville, N.Y. |pages=176–180 |url=https://archive.org/details/dansvillehistori00bunn/page/n185/ |access-date=August 24, 2020}}</ref> After completing his education at [[Yates Polytechnic Institute|Chittenango Polytechnic Institute]], he worked as a farmer until 1838. He married Lucretia Edgerton Brewster when he was 19 years old.<ref name="Dansville" /> In his early life, Jackson was active as an [[Abolitionism in the United States|abolitionist]]. He lectured for the [[Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society]], becoming the society's secretary in 1840. From 1844, he moved into journalism, buying the abolitionist newspaper the ''Albany Patriot'' with Abel Brown. Jackson managed and wrote for the paper until 1847, when his failing health forced him to retire.
Jackson was born in [[Manlius, New York|Manlius]], [[Onondaga County, New York|Onondaga County]], [[New York (state)|New York]],<ref name="Garrison1971"/> to James and Mary Ann Elderkin Jackson.<ref name="Dansville">{{cite book |last1=Quick |first1=F.I. |title=Dansville: Historical, Biographical, Descriptive |date=1902 |publisher=Instructor Publishing Co. |location=Dansvk

Jackson had been troubled with poor health throughout his life, but he experienced a remarkable recovery after taking a 'water cure' at a [[spa]] operated by Silas O. Gleason, the Greenwood Spring Water Cure in [[Cuba, New York]], in 1846-1847.<ref name="Dansville" /><ref name="Cayleff">{{cite book |last1=Cayleff |first1=Susan |title=Wash and Be Healed: The Water-Cure Movement and Women's Health |date=2010 |publisher=Temple University Press |location=Philadelphia |pages=114–115 |isbn=9781439904275 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PtpyJgRT5gcC |access-date=August 25, 2020}}</ref> As a result, he spent the second half of his life as an advocate for [[hydropathy]], training to become a [[physician]] and opening a [[hydropathic institute]] at [[Glen Haven, New York|Glen Haven]] on [[Skaneateles Lake]] in [[Cortland County, New York]], in 1847.

In 1858, he took over the 'Our Home Hygienic Institute' at [[Dansville, Livingston County, New York|Dansville]], [[Livingston County, New York]]. The spa had been founded by Nathaniel Bingham on the site of a [[mineral water]] spring some four years earlier. Under Jackson's management, the spa grew to become one of the largest in the world, catering to around 20,000 patients, and was renamed 'Our Home on the Hillside'.<ref name="Garrison1971"/><ref name="Cayleff" /> Jackson was assisted by his wife, known as "Mother Jackson", and their adopted daughter, [[Harriet N. Austin|Dr. Harriet Newell Austin]].<ref name="Cayleff1991">{{cite book |last= Cayleff |first= Susan E. |title=Wash and Be Healed: The Water-Cure Movement and Women's Health |year= 1991 |publisher= Temple University Press |location= Philadelphia |pages=94–95 |isbn= 9781439904275 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_FjLO6DwwhMC&q=%22Wash+and+Be+Healed:%22 |access-date=August 22, 2020}}</ref> The health resort was a Jackson family operation for many years; James Hathaway Jackson (son of James Caleb Jackson) and James Arthur Jackson (son of James Hathaway Jackson and grandson of James Caleb Jackson) were both leaders of the facility.<ref name="JacksonSanatorium">{{cite book |title=The Jackson Sanatorium |date=1890 |location=Dansville, NY |url=https://archive.org/details/jacksonsanatoriu00buff/page/n5/ |access-date=August 24, 2020}}</ref> The family referred to it as the Jackson Sanatorium by 1890;<ref name="JacksonSanatorium" /><ref name="Cayleff" /> the establishment was also known as the Jackson Health Resort.<ref name="Cayleff1991" />

Along with water cures, Jackson believed that diet was fundamental in improving health. Over time, he removed [[red meat]] from the [[menu]] at the spa and ruled out tea, coffee, [[Alcoholic beverage|alcohol]], and tobacco. Jackson was a [[Vegetarianism|vegetarian]]<ref name="Forward 1898">Forward, Charles W. (1898). ''Fifty Years of Food Reform: A History of the Vegetarian Movement in England''. London: The Ideal Publishing Union. p. 66</ref> and promoted a vegetarian diet with emphasis on [[fruits]], vegetables, and [[Whole grain|unprocessed grains]]. Jackson believed his diet could cure [[Alcohol intoxication|intemperance]] and [[masturbation]].<ref name="Forward 1898"/><ref name="Mrozek 1987">Mrozek, Donald J. (1987). ''The Scientific Quest for Physical Culture and the Persistent Appeal of Quackery''. ''Journal of Sport History'' 14 (1): 76-86.</ref> Although accepting the use of surgery, he opposed [[Medication|drugs]].<ref name="Mrozek 1987"/> Jackson was opposed to [[abortion]] in any circumstance, describing it as "among the greatest crimes".<ref>Mohr, James C. (1978). ''Abortion in America: The Origins and Evolution of National Policy''. Oxford University Press. p. 172. {{ISBN|0-19-502249-1}}</ref>

In 1863, he developed the first [[breakfast cereal]] and named it [[Granula]].<ref>{{cite news |title= Who Made That Granola? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/25/magazine/who-made-that-granola.html |quote=In 1863, Dr. James Caleb Jackson, a health reformer who believed illness was rooted in the stomach, began experimenting with cold cereal to augment the mineral-spring treatments at his sanitarium in upstate New York. ... |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=March 23, 2012 |access-date=December 23, 2013}}</ref>

Jackson died on July 11, 1895 in [[Dansville, Livingston County, New York]].


==Publications==
==Publications==

Revision as of 15:56, 10 December 2020

For other people named James Jackson, see James Jackson (disambiguation).

James Caleb Jackson
Born(1811-03-28)March 28, 1811
Manlius, Onondaga County, New York
DiedJuly 11, 1895(1895-07-11) (aged 84)
Dansville, New York
OccupationNutritionist
Known forGranula
SpouseLucretia Edgerton Brewster
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James Caleb Jackson (March 28, 1811 – July 11, 1895) was the inventor of the first dry, whole grain breakfast cereal which he called granula.[1] His views influenced the health reforms of Ellen G. White, a founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.[2]

Biography

Jackson was born in Manlius, Onondaga County, New York,[1] to James and Mary Ann Elderkin Jackson.<ref name="Dansville">{{cite book |last1=Quick |first1=F.I. |title=Dansville: Historical, Biographical, Descriptive |date=1902 |publisher=Instructor Publishing Co. |location=Dansvk

Publications

See also

References

  1. ^ a b William Lloyd Garrison (June 1, 1971). A House Dividing Against Itself 1836–1840. Harvard University Press. pp. 577–. ISBN 978-0-674-52661-7. Retrieved April 6, 2012.
  2. ^ Ronald Numbers (1992). Prophetess of Health: Ellen G. White and the Origins of Seventh-Day Adventist Health Reform. University of Tennessee Press.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to James Caleb Jackson.
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