(532037) 2013 FY ₂₇

Asteroid (532037) 2013 FY 27
2013 FY 27 and its companion (top right) through the Hubble Space Telescope (2018).
Properties of the orbit ( animation ) Epoch:  April 27, 2019 ( JD 2,458,600.5)
Orbit type	SDO , "Distant Object"
Major semi-axis	58.789  AU
eccentricity	0.397
Perihelion - aphelion	35.469 AU - 82.109 AU
Inclination of the orbit plane	33.1 °
Length of the ascending node	187.1 °
Argument of the periapsis	138.8 °
Time of passage of the perihelion	September 4, 2201
Sidereal period	450 a 9.2 M
Mean orbital velocity	3.853 km / s
Physical Properties
Medium diameter	${\displaystyle 742_{-78}^{+83}\mathrm {km} }$
Albedo	${\displaystyle 0{,}170_{-0,030}^{+0,045}\mathrm {} }$
Medium density	≈ 2.0 g / cm³
Absolute brightness	3.15 ± 0.03 mag
Spectral class	BV = 0.56 ± 0.03
history
Explorer	Scott S. Sheppard Chadwick A. Trujillo
Date of discovery	17th March 2013
Source: Unless otherwise stated, the data comes from JPL Small-Body Database Browser . The affiliation to an asteroid family is automatically determined from the AstDyS-2 database . Please also note the note on asteroid items.

(532037) 2013 FY ₂₇ is a Trans-Neptunian object that is classified as a Scattered Disk Object (SDO) for orbital dynamics . Until May 2019, the celestial body was the largest object that had not yet received a minor planet number from the IAU . Because of its size, the asteroid is a dwarf planet candidate . In 2018, the discovery of a companion was announced that was about a quarter the diameter of the parent asteroid.

discovery

2013 FY ₂₇ was discovered on March 17, 2013 by Scott Sheppard and Chad Trujillo with the 4.0 m Víctor M. Blanco telescope (DECam) at the Cerro Tololo Observatory ( Chile ). Its discovery was announced on March 31, 2014. The Sednoid 2012 VP ₁₁₃ and the SDO (523,671) 2,013 FZ ₂₇ were during the same screening as 2013 FY ₂₇ discovered and were announced in 2013, week after week after 26 March; the asteroid was given the provisional designation 2013 FY ₂₇ and on May 18, 2019 the minor planet number 532037 from the IAU .

After its discovery, in 2013 FY _{27 could be identified} on photos taken as part of the Pan-STARRS program at the Haleakalā Observatory ( Maui ) up until March 15, 2011, thus extending its observation period by almost exactly two years so to calculate its orbit more precisely. Since then, the planetoid has been observed with the Hubble Space Telescope as well as Earth-based telescopes. In December 2018 there were a total of 107 observations over a period of 8 years. The last observation so far was again carried out in April 2018 at the Cerro Tololo Observatory. (As of March 13, 2019)

properties

The 2013 FY _{27 track} in comparison ...

to Neptune (blue) and Pluto (purple).

to other distant asteroids (2013 FY ₂₇ white).

Orbit

2013 FY ₂₇ orbits the sun in 450.77 years in a strongly elliptical orbit between 35.46  AU and 82.11 AU from its center. The orbit eccentricity is 0.397, the orbit is 33.08 ° inclined to the ecliptic . Currently, the planetoid is 79.97 AU from the Sun and near its aphelion. The next time it passes through perihelion in 2201, the last perihelion is likely to have occurred in 1750.

Marc Buie ( DES ) classifies the planetoid as Plutino , while the Minor Planet Center does not have a specific classification; the latter classifies it as a non-SDO and generally as a “distant object” .

size

A diameter of 742 km is currently assumed; this value is based on an assumed reflectivity of 17% and an absolute brightness of 3.15  ^m . Based on a diameter of 742 km, this results in a total surface area of ​​around 1,730,000 km ² . The 2013 FY ₂₇ apparent magnitude is 22.08  ^m .

It can be assumed that 2013 FY ₂₇ is in hydrostatic equilibrium and the asteroid is thus a dwarf planet candidate , based on Mike Brown's taxonomic 5-class system . The latter himself estimates the diameter of the asteroid at 721 km based on an assumed albedo of 14% and an absolute brightness of 3.5  ^m . Mike Brown believes that 2013 FY _{27 is} most likely a dwarf planet.

Provisions of the diameter for 2013 FY ₂₇

year	Dimensions km	source
2014	900.0	Lakdawalla
2018	740.0 +85.0−90.0 742.0 +83.0−78.0	Sheppard et al. a.
2018	721.0	Brown
The most precise determination is marked in bold .

moon

→ Main article : S / 2018 (532037) 1

In August 2018, a team led by Scott S. Sheppard announced the discovery of a moon about 190 km in diameter, which was discovered through images from the Hubble Space Telescope . In 2013 it orbited FY ₂₇ in 15 days at a distance of 9800 ± 40 km. The orbital eccentricity and inclination of the companion are so far unknown, a mass determination has not yet been carried out.

The 2013 FY ₂₇ system at a glance:

Components	Physical parameters			Path parameters				discovery
Surname	Throughput diameter (km)	Relative size %	Mass (kg)	Major semi-axis (km)	Orbital time (d)	eccentricity	Inclination to the 2013 FY 27 equator	Date of discovery Date of publication
2013 FY 27	742.0	100.00	?	-	-	-	-	March 17, 2013 March 31, 2014
S / 2018 (532037) 1 (2013 FY 27 I)	186.0	25.07	?	9800	15.0	?	? °	January 15, 2018 August 10, 2018

See also

• List of trans-Neptunian objects
• List of dwarf planets of the solar system
• List of asteroids
• List of moons from asteroids

Web links

Commons : 2013 FY27  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

• How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? Current list of the largest TNOs from Mike Brown
• Free the dwarf planets! Mike Brown's column on the IAU and the dwarf planets regarding their classifications (23 August 2011)

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Marc W. Buie : Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 13FY27 . SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved March 2, 2019.
2. ^ Wm. R. Johnston: List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects . Johnston's Archives. October 7, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} (532037) 2013 FY27 at the IAU Minor Planet Center (English) Retrieved March 13, 2019.
4. ↑ v ≈ π * a / period (1 + sqrt (1-e²))
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e} S. Sheppard u. a .: The Albedos, Sizes, Colors, and Satellites of Dwarf Planets Compared with Newly Measured Dwarf Planet 2013 FY ₂₇ (PDF) . In: The Astronomical Journal . 156, No. 6, September 6, 2018, p. 270, 11. arxiv : 1809.02184 . bibcode : 2018AJ .... 156..270S . doi : 10.3847 / 1538-3881 / aae92a .
6. ^ S. Sheppard : A Satellite Search of a Newly Discovered Dwarf Planet (PDF) . In: HST Proposal . 15248, No. 25, August 2017. bibcode : 2017hst..prop15248S .
7. ↑ MPC : MPEC 2014-F82: 2013 FY27 . IAU . March 31, 2014. Accessed March 2, 2019.
8. ↑ (532037) 2013 FY27 in the Small-Body Database of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (English). Retrieved March 13, 2019.
9. ↑ MPC : MPEC List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects . IAU . Retrieved March 2, 2019.
10. ↑ (532037) 2013 FY27 in the database of the "Asteroids - Dynamic Site" (AstDyS-2, English).
11. ↑ ^{a b} Mike Brown : How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? . CalTech . November 12, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
12. ↑ E. Lakdawalla: More excitement in the outermost solar system: 2013 FY27, a new dwarf planet . Johnston's Archives. April 2, 2014. Accessed March 2, 2019.
13. ^ Wm. R. Johnston: Asteroids with Satellites - 2013 FY ₂₇ . Johnston's Archives. September 23, 2018. Accessed March 2, 2019.