2014 ON ₅₅

Asteroid 2014 at 55
Properties of the orbit ( animation ) Epoch:  April 27, 2019 ( JD 2,458,600.5)
Orbit type	CKBO ( "Hot" ), "Distant Object"
Major semi-axis	47,019  AU
eccentricity	0.142
Perihelion - aphelion	40.324 AU - 53.714 AU
Inclination of the orbit plane	7.2 °
Length of the ascending node	131.8 °
Argument of the periapsis	113.1 °
Time of passage of the perihelion	October 31, 2100
Sidereal period	322 a 5.0 M
Mean orbital velocity	4.308 km / s
Physical Properties
Medium diameter	approx. 457 km
Albedo	0.06-0.09
Absolute brightness	5.2 - 5.4 mag
history
Explorer	Pan-STARRS : B. Gibson T. Goggia N. Primak A. Schultz M. Willman
Date of discovery	5th January 2014
Source: Unless otherwise stated, the data comes from JPL Small-Body Database Browser . The affiliation to an asteroid family is automatically determined from the AstDyS-2 database . Please also note the note on asteroid items.

2014 AM ₅₅ is a large trans-Neptunian object that is classified as Cubewano in terms of railway dynamics . Because of its size, the asteroid is a dwarf planet candidate .

discovery

2014 AM ₅₅ was on January 5, 2014 by an astronomer team , consisting of B. Gibson, T. Goggia, N. Primak, A. Schultz and M. Willman, as part of the Pan-STARRS project with the 1.8-m –Ritchey-Chretien – Telescope (PS1) discovered at Haleakalā Observatory ( Maui ). The discovery was announced on July 17, 2016.

After its discovery in 2014, AM _{55 could be identified} on photos up to March 17, 2004, which were taken as part of the Digitized Sky Survey program at the Apache Point Observatory ( New Mexico ), and thus its observation period by ten years to calculate its orbit more precisely. In September 2018, a total of 140 observations were made over a period of 14 years. The last observation so far was carried out in January 2018 on the Pan-STARRS telescope. (As of March 2, 2019)

properties

Orbit

2014 AM ₅₅ orbits the sun in 322.42 years on a slightly elliptical orbit between 40.32  AU and 53.71 AU from its center. The orbit eccentricity is 0.142, the orbit is 7.18 ° inclined to the ecliptic . Currently, the planetoid is 48.09 AU from the sun. The next time he passes through perihelion in 1998, the last pass through perihelion should have taken place in 1778.

Marc Buie ( DES ) classifies the asteroid as Cubewano , whereby it belongs to the orbital dynamics “hot” classical KBO , while the Minor Planet Center does not have a specific classification; the latter classifies it as a non-SDO and generally as a “distant object” .

size

A diameter of 457 km is currently assumed, based on a reflectivity of 6% and an absolute brightness of 5.4  ^m . Assuming a diameter of 457 km, this results in a total surface of around 656,000 km ² . The apparent magnitude of 2014 AM ₅₅ is 22.12  ^m .

Since it can be assumed that 2014 AM ₅₅ is in hydrostatic equilibrium due to its size and must therefore be largely round, it should meet the criteria for classification as a dwarf planet . Mike Brown expects that it is at 2014 AM ₅₅ to possibly is a dwarf planet.

Provisions of the diameter for 2014 AM ₅₅

year	Dimensions km	source
2018	404.0	Johnston
2018	457.0	Brown
The most precise determination is marked in bold .

See also

• List of trans-Neptunian objects
• List of dwarf planets of the solar system
• List of asteroids
• List of moons from asteroids

Web links

• How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? Current list of the largest TNOs from Mike Brown
• Free the dwarf planets! Mike Brown's column on the IAU and the dwarf planets regarding their classifications (23 August 2011)

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Marc W. Buie : Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 14AM55 . SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved March 2, 2019.
2. ^ ^{A b} Wm. R. Johnston: List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects . Johnston's Archives. October 7, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} 2014 AM55 at the IAU Minor Planet Center (English). Accessed March 2, 2019.
4. ↑ v ≈ π * a / period (1 + sqrt (1-e²))
5. ↑ MPC : MPEC 2016-0191: 2014 AM55 . IAU . July 17, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
6. ↑ 2014 AM55 in the Small-Body Database of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (English). Retrieved March 2, 2019.
7. ↑ MPC : MPEC List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects . IAU . Retrieved March 2, 2019.
8. ↑ 2014 AM55 in the database of the "Asteroids - Dynamic Site" (AstDyS-2, English).
9. ↑ ^{a b} Mike Brown : How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? . CalTech . November 12, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2019.