2014 QW ₄₄₁

Asteroid 2014 QW 441
Properties of the orbit ( animation ) Epoch:  April 27, 2019 ( JD 2,458,600.5)
Orbit type	DO (E SDO ) or CKBO ( «Hot» ), «Distant Object»
Major semi-axis	44,303  AU
eccentricity	0.103
Perihelion - aphelion	39.741 AU - 48.865 AU
Inclination of the orbit plane	28.8 °
Length of the ascending node	162.7 °
Argument of the periapsis	202.3 °
Time of passage of the perihelion	June 21, 2019
Sidereal period	294 a 10.7 M
Mean orbital velocity	4,438 km / s
Physical Properties
Medium diameter	approx. 457 km
Albedo	0.06-0.09
Absolute brightness	5.2 - 5.4 mag
history
Explorer	Pan-STARRS : B. Gibson T. Goggia N. Primak A. Schultz M. Willman
Date of discovery	20th August 2014
Source: Unless otherwise stated, the data comes from JPL Small-Body Database Browser . The affiliation to an asteroid family is automatically determined from the AstDyS-2 database . Please also note the note on asteroid items.

2014 QW ₄₄₁ is a large trans-Neptunian object in the Kuiper Belt , which is classified as an extended Scattered Disc Object (DO) or as a Cubewano in terms of rail dynamics . Because of its size, the asteroid is a dwarf planet candidate .

discovery

2014 QW ₄₄₁ was tested on August 20, 2014 by an astronomical team consisting of B. Gibson, T. Goggia, N. Primak, A. Schultz and M. Willman, as part of the Pan-STARRS project with the 1.8-m –Ritchey-Chretien – Telescope (PS1) discovered at Haleakalā Observatory ( Maui ). The discovery was announced on July 16, 2016.

After its discovery, in 2014 QW _{441 could be identified} in photos taken as part of the Spacewatch program of the Kitt Peak Observatory at the Steward Observatory ( Arizona ) up to September 12, 2001, thus extending its observation period by 13 years in order to calculate its orbit more precisely. In September 2018, a total of 222 observations were made over a period of 17 years. The last observation so far was carried out in September 2018 at the Purple Mountain Observatory ( People's Republic of China ). (As of March 2, 2019)

properties

Orbit

2014 QW ₄₄₁ orbits the sun in 294.89 years on a slightly elliptical orbit between 39.74  AU and 48.87 AU from its center. The orbit eccentricity is 0.103, the orbit is inclined 28.80 ° with respect to the ecliptic . Currently, the planetoid is 48.09 AU from the sun. He passed perihelion for the last time in 2019, so the next perihelion should take place in 2314.

Marc Buie ( DES ) classifies the planetoid as an extended SDO (ESDO or DO ), while the Minor Planet Center does not have a specific classification; the latter classifies it as a non-SDO and generally as a “distant object” . The Johnston's Archive, however, lists him as Cubewano , whereby he would belong to the "hot" classic KBO in terms of rail dynamics .

size

A diameter of 457 km is currently assumed, based on a reflectivity of 6% and an absolute brightness of 5.4  ^m . Assuming a diameter of 457 km, this results in a total surface of around 656,000 km ² . The apparent magnitude of 2014 QW ₄₄₁ is 21.46  ^m .

Since it can be assumed that 2014 QW ₄₄₁ is in hydrostatic equilibrium due to its size and must therefore be largely round, it should meet the criteria for classification as a dwarf planet . Mike Brown believes that it is in 2014 QW ₄₄₁ to possibly is a dwarf planet.

Provisions of the diameter for 2014 QW ₄₄₁

year	Dimensions km	source
2018	404.0	Johnston
2018	457.0	Brown
The most precise determination is marked in bold .

See also

• List of trans-Neptunian objects
• List of dwarf planets of the solar system
• List of asteroids
• List of moons from asteroids

Web links

• How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? Current list of the largest TNOs from Mike Brown
• Free the dwarf planets! Mike Brown's column on the IAU and the dwarf planets regarding their classifications (23 August 2011)

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Marc W. Buie : Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 14QW441 . SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved March 2, 2019.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Wm. R. Johnston: List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects . Johnston's Archives. October 7, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} 2014 QW441 at the IAU Minor Planet Center (English) Retrieved on March 2, 2019.
4. ↑ v ≈ π * a / period (1 + sqrt (1-e²))
5. ↑ MPC : MPEC 2016-O54: 2014 QW441 . IAU . July 16, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
6. ↑ 2014 QW441 in the Small-Body Database of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (English). Retrieved March 2, 2019.
7. ↑ MPC : MPEC List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects . IAU . Retrieved March 2, 2019.
8. ↑ 2014 QW441 in the database of the "Asteroids - Dynamic Site" (AstDyS-2, English).
9. ↑ ^{a b} Mike Brown : How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? . CalTech . November 12, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2019.