8th century BC Chr.

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The 8th century BC Chr. Began on January 1 v 800th And ended on December 31, 701 BC. Chr.

Age / Epoch

• The Olmecs in Central America set up the first urban centers
• Classic period of early Mexican city-states such as Tlatilco and Cuicuilco

Events / developments

Middle East

Sargon II and a dignitary

• 787 BC Chr .: According to some sources it is considered the year of death of the Israelite king Joasch . In 19th century Egyptology, the year was calculated as the possible beginning of the 23rd dynasty in ancient Egypt. The "Granite Sarcophagus No. 23" in the British Museum , attributed to a royal scribe in ancient Egypt, shows the star constellation of December 29, 787 BC. Chr. On.
• 756 BC BC: Founding of the city of Kyzikos in Asia Minor by Greeks from Miletus after Eusebius , who also indicates a more recent date of foundation (679 BC).
• 747 BC BC, February 26th: After Ptolemy , the reign of the Babylonian king Nabû-naṣir begins . The Babylonian mathematics will make the Nabunasirischen era with captured and dominated on clay tablets celestial events to arrange time for her.
• 733 BC Chr .: Syrian-Ephraimite War
• 731 BC Chr .: The lunar eclipse of April 9th ​​731 BC Chr. Logged by a Babylonian astronomers on a cuneiform tablet.
• 722 BC Chr .: Israel: During the reign of the Israelite king Hoschea , the northern kingdom of Israel and its capital Samaria are conquered by the Assyrian king Shalmaneser V or his successor Sargon II . He lets people from Babel, Kuta, Awa, Hamat and Sefarwajim colonize the land - this is the end of the Israelite Empire.
• 715 BC Chr .: The Medical State is founded.
• 707 or 706 BC Chr .: The new residence and capital of Assyria, Major Sharrukin , is inaugurated.
• 701 BC Chr .: Siege of Jerusalem by the Assyrians at the time of the rule of Hezekiah by Sîn-aḫḫe-eriba

Mediterranean area

• 776 BC Chr .: Allegedly the first Olympic Games of antiquity take place.

The Capitoline wolf suckles the boys Romulus and Remus

Chalkis and Eretria on the Lelantine Plain

The blind Homer is led ( William Adolphe Bouguereau , 1874)

• First half of the century - Colonists from Paros settle on the island of Thasos and establish trading establishments on the opposite mainland between Strymon and Nestos .
• Around 770 BC Chr .: settlement of the island of Ischia by Greek colonists from Chalkis and Eretria (see Pithekoussai ).
• 753 BC BC, April 21: the legendary foundation of Rome by Romulus . Beginning of the time scale of the Roman calendar .
• 751 BC BC: Egypt : beginning of the 25th dynasty
• Around 750 BC Chr .: Greek settlers from Ischia move to the mainland and found Kyme .
• 735 BC BC: (after Thucydides ) founding of Naxos as the first Greek colony in Sicily . Beginning of the " Great Greek Colonization ".
• 734 BC BC: Corinthian settlers found Syracuse in Sicily .
• 716 BC Chr .: Foundation of Zankle , today Messina.
• Around 710 BC Chr .: outbreak of the Lelantic War between Chalkis and Eretria .
• 706 BC Chr .: founding of Taranto .
• Around 700 BC Chr .: Destruction of Lefkandi ("Old Eretria") in the Lelantic War .
• Waves of immigration from Greece to Anatolia : several cities emerge.
• Celtic tribes immigrate to Britain .

China

• 771 BC BC: Incursion of the Early Huns ( turuk ) into China , end of the Western Zhou dynasty .
• 770 BC BC: With the accession of King Ping of Zhou to the throne, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty begins in China.
• 763 BC Chr., June 8th: The daily recording of a solar eclipse in the eponym list enables the merging of the Chinese calendar of that time and today's calendar down to the day.

Central Europe

• The Bronze Age ends in Central Europe ; the older Iron Age , the so-called Hallstatt Age , begins.

Personalities

• Jimmu , mythical Japanese emperor (born January 1, 711 BC; † March 11, 585 BC)
• Period of activity of the prophets of Israel Amos , Hosea , Isaiah and Micha
• Homer , Greek poet and singer, wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey in writing .
• Midas , king of the Phrygian Empire since at least 738 BC BC, probably dies 696 BC Chr.
• Sargon II , King of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 721 to 705 BC Chr.
• Olympos

Individual evidence

1. ↑ E. Zenger: Introduction to the Old Testament. W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-17-020695-3 , p. 652. (books.google.de)
2. ^ J. Daniel et al.: Aegyptische Chronologie: A critical attempt. Oxford University, 1863, p. 45. (books.google.de)
3. ↑ G. Seyffarth: Grammatica Aegyptiaca, first instruction for translating ancient Egyptian literary works. Oxford University, 1855, pp. XXXVIII. (books.google.de)
4. ↑ In the specialist literature usually given as June 15 . However, according to the proleptic Julian calendar, the date is 763 BC. Calculated. In direct comparison, the beginning of spring fell on March 28th. In conversion to today's Gregorian calendar , 7 days must therefore be deducted. The result is June 8th. Calculations according to Jean Meeus: Astronomical Algorithms - Applications for Ephemeris Tool 4,5 - , Barth, Leipzig 2000 and Ephemeris Tool 4,5 conversion program .

Web links

Commons : 8th century BC Chr.  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files