A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke

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The A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG was from 1883 to the 1990s, a German mining company in the legal form of a corporation.

history

Debenture for 1000 marks from A. Riebeck'schen Montanwerke AG from October 1920
Kuxschein from the trade union of the Concordia lignite mine on May 1, 1912

The company was founded after the death of Carl Adolf Riebeck in June 1883 to dispute the extensive sole ownership of his heirs. As early as 1884 it joined the Weißenfels-Zeitz mining association . Shares were sold to a consortium in 1888, with shares remaining in heir ownership. The seat was Halle (Saale) .

The business purpose of the company was "Acquisition and operation of mines, chemical factories and other companies that deal with the extraction, processing, exploitation and transport of coal, other usable minerals and also oil, the exploitation and sale of all in such works and Companies and the execution of all auxiliary and secondary business directly or indirectly connected to these purposes ”.

As a result of several amalgamations of mining pits , the Riebeck'schen Montanwerke developed from the beginning of the 20th century into one of the financially strongest stock corporations in the Central German lignite mining area . The most important mergers in 1911 included the takeover of the Sächsisch-Thüringische AG für lignite utilization and the takeover of the Naumburger Braunkohlen AG , which increased the share capital of the Riebeck'schen Montanwerke to 22 million Reichsmarks . Adjusted for inflation, this sum corresponds to the purchasing power of 118,643,379 euros in 2019.

In 1909 the Riebeck'schen Montanwerke were a leading founding company of the Central German Brown Coal Syndicate . In 1912 the acquisition of all shares in Zeitzer Paraffin- und Solarölabrik AG followed and in 1913 the Zeche Ellen GmbH in Reuden bei Zeitz , the purchase of which could be financed with current funds.

In addition to coal mines and briquette factories , the company operated state-of-the-art breweries for the time, as well as connected mineral oil, candle and paraffin factories at various locations. The company set new standards in the research and development of carbohydrate hydrogenation and was an important pioneer in German carbochemistry .

The main focus of ownership in coal refinement and mines as well as participations was in the Zeitz-Weißenfels lignite district , as well as in the Geiseltal as well as in the Halleschen Revier and in the Bitterfeld mining district . The company's refining operations included today's Romonta works with the world's most powerful plants for the large-scale extraction of montan wax from lignite. The company also had oil concessions in Argentina .

In the course of the German self-sufficiency efforts after the First World War and the associated vertical concentration of large chemical industry, Hugo Stinnes gradually acquired the majority of shares in A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG from 1922 . In June 1923 he renamed the company Hugo Stinnes-Riebeck Montan- und Oelwerke AG . The majority of were Bracht Stinnes Kuxe the mountain legal union of lignite mine Concordia at Nachterstedt and 931 of the 1,000 Kuxe the union Messel in Messel Pit near Darmstadt, to strengthen the oil-based. In addition, the AG für Petroleumindustrie (Api) in Berlin, the Erdölwerke Dollbergen and the Oleawerke AG für Mineralöl-Industrie (later Deutsche Gasolin ) with refineries in Frankfurt / Main and Freiburg were added. The Oleawerke sold the entire lignite tar production (oils, waxes, paraffins, candles) of A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke .

After Hugo Stinnes' early death, his heirs from the conglomerate were unable to form a viable company. In 1925, BASF took over his company. In April 1925, the Oleawerke and the oil works in Dollbergen were spun off into a subsidiary and renamed Hugo Stinnes-Riebeck Oel-AG . The A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke received in September 1925 back its original name.

In 1926 the stock corporation was fully integrated into IG Farben on the basis of an interest agreement. The shareholders were able to exchange their shares 2: 1 for IG Farben shares. In 1931 IG Farben transferred 87% of the shares to Rheinische Stahlwerke AG (Rheinstahl), the majority of which also belonged to IG Farben. From then on, A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG served IG Farben as a holding company for various oil and lignite companies. At the end of 1934, the Riebeck'schen Montanwerke acquired a stake in Braunkohle-Petrol AG (BRABAG) for 5,560,000 Reichsmarks through the interest group agreement and dividend guarantee with IG Farben, which , however, was transferred to IG Farben in 1937.

From 1936, the company built the Deuben industrial power station, one of the most modern coal refining plants in the central German lignite mining area. To supply the plants with lignite, the company began opening the Otto-Scharf mine near Köttichau in 1937 . Equipped with the cutting-edge technology of the time, this was a superlative large open-cast mine. The complex went into operation in April 1939. In the same year BRABAG took in the newly created Hydrierwerk Zeitz fuel production and oil production from lignite tar on the largely the Schwelerei delivered Deuben of A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke.

In the 1938/39 financial year, the company mined 14,631,000 tons of raw lignite and employed 10,424 workers. From the end of 1944 51% of the shares were again held directly by IG Farben and around 40% by Rheinstahl (in addition to a small free float). In July 1945 the Soviet military administration in Germany ordered the expropriation of the shareholders. The western assets of A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG, confiscated by the US military government, became the share capital of Paraffin- und Mineralölwerk Messel GmbH (Messel Pit), which was founded in 1954 and then went its own way again.

The company shell was relocated to Frankfurt / Main in 1966 after the securities adjustment was completed and the shares in A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG iL were held until the procedural settlement of the last free shareholders in 1998.

Personalities

literature

  • Walter Herrmann: The capital in central German lignite mining. Dissertation. Philosophical Faculty of the University of Leipzig, 1930. Georg Weigel publishing house, 1933.
  • Rainer Karlsch, Raymond G. Stokes: Factor Oil. The mineral oil industry in Germany 1859–1974 . Verlag CH Beck, Munich, 2003. ISBN 3-406-50276-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walter Herrmann: The capital in the central German lignite mining. Dissertation. Philosophical Faculty of the University of Leipzig, 1930. Georg Weigel Publishing House, 1933, p. 40.
  2. ↑ Exchange rate 1911: 1 US dollar = 4.2025 Reichsmark Deutsche Bundesbank, accessed on October 21, 2019.
  3. ↑ Inflation calculator dollar 1914 to dollar 2019 (1 dollar = 0.902094 euros) In: dollartimes.com, accessed on October 21, 2019.
  4. ^ Walter Herrmann: The capital in the central German lignite mining. Dissertation. Philosophical Faculty of the University of Leipzig, 1930. Georg Weigel Publishing House, 1933, p. 40.
  5. ↑ Central German Brown Coal District, Changes and Perspectives, Issue 18, Zeitz / Weißenfels LMBV , accessed on October 21, 2019.
  6. ↑ ROMONTA GmbH ( Memento from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ^ Rainer Karlsch, Raymond G. Stokes: Factor oil. The mineral oil industry in Germany 1859–1974 . P. 139.
  8. ↑ Alexander Donges: The United Steel Works AG in National Socialism. Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, 2014, p. 55.
  9. ^ Annual report of A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG, 52nd business year, p. 7. Hamburgisches Welt-Wirtschafts-Archiv, accessed on June 22, 2019
  10. ↑ Gustav Stolper, Peter Waller, Franz Reuter, Hans Baumgarten: Der Deutsche Volkswirt. Volume 13th edition 1st part 1. HS Hermann, 1938, p. 307.
  11. ^ Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.): Contributions to the history of the productive forces. Volume 20. Deutscher Verlag für Grundstofftindustrie, 1985, p. 48.
  12. ↑ Central German Brown Coal District, Changes and Perspectives, Issue 18, Zeitz / Weißenfels LMBV , accessed on February 23, 2019.
  13. ↑ Annual report of A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG of August 3, 1939, p. 2. Hamburgisches Welt-Wirtschafts-Archiv, accessed on June 22, 2019