Abdisho IV. Marron

This article deals with the Patriarch Abdisho IV. Maron , for other persons see Abdisho V. Khayat and Abdiso bar Brika .

Mar Abdisho IV. Marron ( Aramaic ܥܒܕܝܫܘܥ ܪܒܝܥܝܐ ܡܪܘܢ; * in Gazarta ; † September 11, 1570 near Siirt ) was patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church with the Eastern Syrian rite from 1555 to 1570 .

Parallel to him, Mar Shimun VII Ishoyahb (1538–1558) and Mar Eliya VII (1558–1591) based in Alqosh served as Katholikoi patriarchs of the autocephalous Assyrian Church of the East .

Surname

The Aramaic name means "servant of Jesus " or "servant of Jesus", comparable to Obadja in Hebrew or Abdallah in Arabic . Due to the original spelling without vowels ( Aramaic ܥܒܕܝܫܘܥ ܪܒܝܥܝܐ ܡܪܘܢ) there are a variety of transcriptions. These include: Ebedjesus ; ˁAbdishoˁ , Abdisu , Abd-Jesu , Hebed-Jesu , Abdissi , Audishu , Mar Odisho .

biography

ˁAbdishoˁ was born in Gazarta on the Tigris . He came from the Mari family, his father was called Yohannan (Johannes, Ḥannā). He became a monk in Mar Aḥḥā and Yoḥannan monastery (northwest of Gazarta). In 1554 he was ordained bishop of Gazarta by Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa , but kept his seat in Diyarbakır (Amida). Both as a bishop and later as a patriarch, he worked as a copyist of manuscripts. Seven copies from his pen have survived, including the Codex Jerusalem, Markos Monastery , Ms. 116 the Pontifical, which he copied in 1554 for his needs as bishop.

In 1555, after the death of Sulaqa, ˁAbdishoˁ, in the presence of the papal nuncio Ambrosius Buttigeg OP, was appointed “Patriarch of Mosul” of the Chaldeans. As a patriarch, he moved his residence from Diyarbakır (Amida) to the monastery of Mar Yaqub Khbhisha (St. Jacob the Rekluse) near Siirt . It was not until 1561 that he was able to travel to Rome. On March 7th, 1562 he made his written creed there personally and was endowed with the pallium by Pius IV on April 17th, 1562 . In a letter to the Pope from 1562, he claims jurisdiction over 38 dioceses in the east of the Ottoman Empire , in Persia and in South India . In fact, there were only 14 East Syrian bishoprics at that time, some of which were occupied by the ˁAbdishoˁ, united with Rome, in particular not Alqosh and Mosul .

Contrary to what has long been claimed, ˁAbdishoˁ did not personally take part in the Council of Trent , but the Council Fathers were informed by Cardinal Marcantonio Amulio on September 17, 1562 about his visit to Rome, the Catholic creed he had made and the information given about the situation of his church. The prelates of the Indian colonial power Portugal who were present at the council protested against the jurisdiction over the Thomas Christians in India claimed by ˁAbdishoˁ .

In August 1562 he left Rome and returned to the Orient. Little is known about his reign. In 1565 the Pope confirmed the traditional Chaldean customs and rites.

He probably died on September 11, 1570.

Works

ˁAbdishoˁ left three poems in which he recounts events from the life of his predecessor, the Patriarch Sulaqa Mar Shimun . They are handed down in two editors in the codices Vat. Syr. 45 (copied in 1556 by Mar Joseph Sulaqa ) u. 63 (written in 1701 by Mar Joseph I ) and Borg. Syr. 21 (16th century). The older version still shows the author's sympathy for Nestorius , which was secondarily erased by Joseph I.

Abdisho IV. Marron must not be confused with Abdiso bar Brika , who was a prolific writer in the 13th century.

literature

• Anton Pritula: ʿAbdišoʿ of Gazarta, Patriarch of the Chaldean Church as a Scribe . In: Scrinium 15 (2019) 297-320.
• AD Pritula: East Syriac Literary Life in the mid-16th Century: ʿAbdišoʿ of Gazarta and Older Contemporary Poets . In: Вестник СПбГУ. Востоковедение и африканистика / Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 11.1 (2019) 89–107.
• Margherita Farina: A new autograph by ˁAbdīšōˁ Marūn. Renaissance Rome and Syriac Churches . In: Journal of Eastern Christian Studies 70 (2018) 241-256.
• AD Pritula: 'Abdīšō' of Gazarta, the first literate of the Chaldean Church: Poems dedicated to the Popes of Rome . In: Вестник СПбГУ. Востоковедение и африканистика 10.3 (2018) 374–391.
• Herman Teule: Les professions de foi den Jean Sullāqā, premier patriarche chaldéen, et de son successeur ˤAbdishoˁ d-Gāzartā . In: M.-H. Blanchet - F. Gabriel: L'union à l'épreuve du formulaire . CRHCB, Paris 2016, 259-269, esp. 268f.

Individual evidence

1. ^ David Wilmshurst: The Ecclesiastical Organization of the Church of the East, 1318-1913 . Peeters Publishers, 2000, ISBN 978-90-429-0876-5 .
2. ^ Final inventory of the microfilmed manuscripts of the St. Mark's Convent, Jerusalem . Inventory prepared by William F. Macomber. Provo, Utah 1995, Roll 2, item 11.
3. ↑ Paolo Sarpi : Istoria del Concilio tridentino: ridotta alla primitiva lezione, con la vita scritta da Fra F. Micanzio . tape 3 . Pubblicato da Barbèra Bianchi, 1858, p. 387 f . ( Limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed February 9, 2009] First edition: 1619).
4. ^ Suha Rassam: Christianity in Iraq: Its Origins and Development to the Present Day . Gracewing Publishing, 2005, ISBN 978-0-85244-633-1 .
5. ^ Heleen HL Murre: The Patriarchs of the Church of the East from the Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries. In: Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 2.2 (1999) 235-264
6. ↑ IM Vosté: Catholiques ou Nestoriens? (Mss. Vat. Syr. 45, 63 and VS Borgia 21) . In: Angelicum 7 (1930) 515-523.

Impact history

ˁAbdishoˁ appears as a character in Hans Pfitzner's opera Palestrina . There he is one of the prelates of the Council of Trent.

Web links

• Entry on Abdisho IV. Marron on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on January 7, 2017.

predecessor	Office	successor
Shimun VIII. Yohannan Sulaqa	Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church 1555–1570	Yahballaha V.