Siirt

This article covers the Turkish city of Siirt; for the Turkish province of the same name see Siirt (province) .

Siirt
Monument to Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in the city center
Basic data
Province (il) :	Siirt
Coordinates :	37 ° 56 '  N , 41 ° 57'  E Coordinates: 37 ° 55 '30 "  N , 41 ° 56' 45"  E
Height :	895  m
Residents :	155,862 (2019)
Telephone code :	(+90) 484
Postal code :	56,000
License plate :	56
Structure and administration (as of 2019)
Structure :	20 meals
Mayor :	Berivan Helen Işık ( HDP )
Postal address :	Mithat Öktüren Caddesi No: 2 56100 SİİRT
Website:	www.siirt.bel.tr
Siirt County
Residents :	168,659 (2019)
Surface:	633 km²
Population density :	266 inhabitants per km²

Siirt ( Arabic سعرد Siʿrad , Aramaic ܣܥܪܬ siʿreth , Armenian Սղերդ Sġerd , Kurdish Sêrt) is a city in the Turkish region of Eastern Anatolia . It is the capital of the Siirt province of the same name and at the same time the center of a district directly subordinate to the governor, the central district ( Merkez ). The city of Siirt is about 800 km southeast of the state capital Ankara .

The city ​​and province license plates begin with the digits 56.

geography

The district is located in the center of the province and has borders with all other districts of the province with the exception of Pervari : Kurtalan in the east, Baykan in the north, Şirvan and Tillo in the northeast and Eruh in the south. In the southwest the district borders on the province of Batman .

In addition to the provincial capital, the central district consists of another Belediye ( Gökçebağ 1,981 inhabitants) and 35 villages ( Köy ) with an average of 306 residents. Pınarca (2,153), Meydandere (933) and Ekmekçiler (902 inh .) Are the largest villages, nine villages have more than 306 inhabitants.

Climate table

Siirt (895 m)
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     78   7th 0     99   9 1     111   14th 5     97   20th 10     63   25th 14th     9.8   32 20th     2.7   37 24     1.7   37 24     4th   32 19th     48   25th 13     88   15th 7th     91   9 2 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: State Meteorological Office of the Republic of Turkey, normal period 1981–2010

Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Siirt (895 m) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 6.9 8.7 13.6 19.5 25.3 32.4 37.2 37.0 32.3 24.6 15.3 8.8 O 21.9 Min. Temperature (° C) -0.1 0.6 4.5 9.5 14.0 19.5 23.8 23.5 19.0 13.2 6.5 2.0 O 11.4 Temperature (° C) 3.0 4.2 8.5 14.1 19.6 26.2 30.6 30.0 25.1 18.1 10.2 4.9 O 16.3 Precipitation ( mm ) 77.6 99.2 111.2 96.9 62.6 9.8 2.7 1.7 4.0 47.5 87.7 90.8 Σ 691.7 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 3.6 4.4 5.5 6.7 9.1 11.7 12.2 11.4 10.1 7.2 5.1 3.4 O 7.5 Rainy days ( d ) 11.6 11.8 14.1 13.3 10.0 3.3 0.9 0.8 1.7 8.4 9.0 11.3 Σ 96.2 Source: State Meteorological Office of the Republic of Turkey, normal period 1981–2010

population

Today's urban population consists of Kurds , Turks and Arabs . The native Arabs speak their own dialect. This is one of the qeltu dialects of Iraqi Arabic .

From 1858 to 1915 the city of Siirt was the bishopric of the Chaldean Catholic Church . Most of the Assyrians / Arameans in the city, including its Archbishop Addai Scher , were killed during the 1915 genocide of the Arameans .

At the end of 2018, the district had the highest population density of the seven districts in the province. The urban population was 93.56%.

Population development

The following table shows the comparative population level at the end of the year for the province, the central district and the city of Siirt as well as the respective share at the higher administrative level. The figures are based on the address-based population register (ADNKS) introduced in 2007.

year	province	district		city
	absolutely	proportionally (%)	absolutely	proportionally (%)	absolutely
2018	331,670	50.15	166,332	92.37	153,647
2017	324.394	49.76	161,423	92.25	148.906
2016	322,664	49.15	158,574	92.87	147.271
2015	320.351	48.81	156.363	92.83	145.144
2014	318,366	47.91	152,539	91.96	140.278
2013	314.153	46.90	147.323	92.45	136.203
2012	310,879	46.89	145.784	92.84	135,350
2011	310,468	46.69	144,947	93.05	134,871
2010	300,695	45.60	137.126	92.74	127.174
2009	303,622	45.84	139.188	92.76	129.108
2008	299,819	44.29	132,789	92.22	122,463
2007	291,528	43.87	127,881	91.96	117,599

Census results

The following population information about the city, the district, the province and the country is available for the censuses:

region	1965	1970	1975	1980	1985	1990	2000
City (Şehir)	25,480	29,544	35,654	42,291	53,884	68,320	98.281
central circle (Merkez)	39,609	45,451	54,958	61,995	75,680	82.075	107,313
Province (İl)	264,832	320.684	381.503	445.483	524,741	243,435	263,676
Turkey	31,391,421	35.605.176	40,347,719	44,736,957	50,664,458	56.473.035	67,803,927

history

Siirt is hardly mentioned in early Islamic sources, which was probably due to its low strategic importance. Siirt was sometimes referred to as part of Armenia or al-Jazeera and was an important center of Eastern Christianity . The Arab author Shabushti from the 9th century mentions the Ahwischa monastery with up to 400 monks at the time. In 1036 the chronicle of Seert was written here by an unknown Nestorian author . In the 11th century Siirt became part of the Merwanid Empire and then the Ortoqid Empire . The Turkoman ruler Zengi conquered the city in 1143/1144. A sideline of the Ayyubids later ruled Siirt until they were deposed by the Aq Qoyunlu ruler Uzun Hasan .

When the Ottomans defeated the Safavids in 1514, Siirt came under Ottoman rule. A descendant of the Ayyubids named Malik Khalil was appointed by the Ottomans as administrators of Siirt and Hasankeyf . Siirt was part of the Beylerbeys of Diyarbakır . In 1526, the city's population was made up of roughly equal proportions of Muslims and Christians. With the garrison and a Jewish community, the population was between 4500 and 5000 people.

Evliya Çelebi called Siirt an Ottoman sanjak , distinguishing it from the Kurdish-Ottoman sanjaks in the area. These enjoyed privileges since the victory of the Ottomans against the Safavids and were ruled by Kurdish dynasties. The Prussian general Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke reports during his stay in Siirt that there were 600 Muslim and 200 Christian families. At the end of the 19th century, Siirt was split off from Diyarbakır and became part of Bitlis Province . At that time there were 5 mosques in Siirt. In addition to the old Christian denominations, there were now also Protestant-Armenian and Catholic-Chaldean churches , whose schools were run by American missionaries and French Dominicans . In 1923 Siirt became part of the Republic of Turkey as an independent province. With the construction of the railway in 1932 to Kurtalan , which is about 30 km from Siirt, Siirt developed into an important city. In 1927 Siirt had a population of just over 14,000 and in the 1980s it had over 42,000 inhabitants.

According to the city seal, Siirt was raised to Belediye in 1948.
In 1990 Bucak Aydınlar was spun off from the central district and became an independent district.

economy

In the 19th century Siirt was known for its viticulture. The Siirt-based Jet-Pa Holding became known in December 1999 with the announcement by Jetpa boss Fadil Akgündüz that he wanted to build a “Turkish car”. Jet-Pa Holding sponsors the local football club .

traffic

The central district is crossed by the trunk road D370 in an east-west direction, the trunk road D965, coming from the north (Ardahan province), ends at Siirt. Siirt Airport is located about ten kilometers northwest of the city .

politics

In the 2014 municipal elections, Tuncer Bakırhan and Belkıza Beştaş Epözdemir were elected co-mayors. On November 16, 2016, Tuncer Bakırhan was arrested. In November 2016, the mayors were ousted and replaced by an administrator appointed by the Ankara government.

Personalities

• Addai Scher (1867–1915), bishop and orientalist
• Mustafa Özer (* 1969), Turkish soccer player and coach
• Hasan Özer (* 1974), Turkish soccer player and coach
• Bülent Mumay (* 1977), Turkish journalist
• Hasan Hüseyin Akınay (* 1994), soccer goalkeeper

Web links

Commons : Siirt  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Türkiye Nüfusu İl ilçe Mahalle Köy Nüfusları , accessed on April 13, 2020
2. ↑ David Gaunt, Jan BET Şawoce: Massacres, resistance, protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I . Gorgias Press LLC, 2006, ISBN 1-59333-301-3 , pp. 251–253 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
3. ↑ Central Dissemination System / Merkezi Dağıtım Sistemi (MEDAS) of the TÜIK , accessed on July 18, 2019
4. ↑ Genel Nüfus Sayımları - İllere göre ilçe, bucak, belde ve köy nufusları (census results 1965 to 2000) , accessed on July 18, 2019
5. ↑ Kurdistan24: Co-mayorship at Kurdish municipalities a crime: Turkey Interior Minister . In: Kurdistan24 . ( kurdistan24.net [accessed July 11, 2018]).