Farges fir
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Farges fir ( Abies fargesii ) |
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Farges fir ( Abies fargesii ) is a medium-sized conifer from the genus of fir in the pine family . Their area of distribution is in China.
description
Farges fir is a tree up to 40 meters high with a chest height diameter of 1.5 to 2 meters and a pyramidal to conical crown. It has a reddish brown to reddish gray, rough and scaly bark . The young twigs are purple or purple-brown and turn red and slightly furrowed in the second year. Weak branches are covered with auburn hair. The buds are egg-shaped to conical, purple and very resinous. The needles are in two or more rows and protrude more or less horizontally. They are 1.0 to 2.5 inches long and 2.5 millimeters wide and are about twice as long at the bottom of the branches as on the top. The needles are rounded and edged to two-pointed and have two resin channels. The top of the needle is glossy dark green, the bottom shows two white stomata bands of nine to ten lines each.
Male cones are yellowish with red sporophylls . They are cylindrical, 13 millimeters long and 5 millimeters wide. The female cones are ovate to ovoid-cylindrical and are 5 to 8 inches long and 3 inches wide. They are initially purple-purple and when ripe they are dark purple to red-brown. The scales are kidney-shaped to fan-shaped kidney-shaped in the center of the cone. The deck scales protrude somewhat and are straight or turned over. The seeds have a wedge-shaped wing.
Distribution and ecology
The natural range of Farges Fir is in China in the provinces of Gansu , Hubei , Shaanxi and Sichuan . There it grows in species-rich forests and groups of trees on fresh to moist, acidic to neutral, sandy-humic to loamy-humic soils in sunny to light-shady locations. It is sensitive to frost and loves warmth. They can be found at altitudes between 1500 and 3900 meters. It forms pure stands or is found together with other conifers, for example with the Schensi fir ( Abies chensiensis ), the Min fir ( Abies recurvata ), the purple spruce ( Picea purpurea ), the bristle spruce ( Picea asperata ), Picea neoveitchii , the Sargent spruce ( Picea brachytyla ), Larix potaninii , the Taiwan hemlock ( Tsuga chinensis ) and the Chinese yew ( Taxus chinensis ). In addition, there are often different types of birch ( Betula ) and poplar ( Populus ) and, as bushes, types of barberries ( Berberis ), dwarf medlars ( Cotoneaster ), currants ( Ribes ), rhododendron species and spear bushes ( Spiraea ).
In the Red List of the IUCN Farges fir will be deemed not at risk ( "Lower Risk / least concern"). It is pointed out, however, that a new check of the risk is necessary.
Systematics and research history
Farges fir ( Abies fargesii ) is a species from the genus of firs ( Abies ) in the pine family (Pinaceae). It is assigned to the section Pseudopicea . It was first described by Adrien René Franchet in 1899 . The specific epithet fargesii refers to the French clergyman PG Farges , who found the species in 1893.
Several varieties can be distinguished:
- Abies fargesii var. Fargesii , the nominate form: It occurs from Shaanxi to northwestern Sichuan.
- Abies fargesii var. Faxoniana (Rehder & EHWilson) Tang S.Liu ( Syn . : Abies faxoniana Rehder & EHWilson ) It occurs in western Sichuan.
- Abies fargesii var. Sutchuenensis Franch. (Syn .: Abies sutchuenensis (Franch.) Rehder & EHWilson ): It occurs from southern Gansu to northwestern Sichuan.
use
Farges Tanne wood is used to make construction timber , furniture and pulp .
proof
literature
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 708.
- Aljos Farjon: A Handbook of the World's Conifers . Brill, Leiden-Boston 2010, ISBN 90-04-17718-3 , pp. 81-83 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 708
- ↑ a b c Christopher J. Earle: Abies fargesii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. Retrieved January 14, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c d Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias, Robert R. Mill: Abies delavayi . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , pp. 47 (English).
- ↑ Abies fargesii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Accessed January 14, 2011th
- ↑ Abies fargesii. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). USDA, accessed January 14, 2011 .
- ^ Farjon: A Handbook of the World's Conifers , p. 81
- ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Abies. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 5, 2019.
