Abraham Angermannus
Abraham (us) Andreae , nicknamed Angermannus after his home province Ångermanland , (* around 1540 in Sidensjö (today part of Örnsköldsvik municipality ); † December 1607 or January 1608 in Gripsholm Castle , Mariefred ) was a Swedish Lutheran theologian and from 1593 to 1599 Archbishop of Uppsala .
Life
Angermannus studied at the University of Rostock in 1561/62 and was schoolmaster and preacher in Stockholm after his return to Sweden in 1568 at the latest . From 1572 to 1574 he worked as a preacher at the German Church in Stockholm . By marrying Magdalena, the daughter of the first Lutheran Archbishop Laurentius Petri (Nericius), he became a brother-in-law of the incumbent Archbishop Laurentius Petri Gothus . In 1576 he became rector of the Stockholm city school, but as a representative of Lutheran orthodoxy turned increasingly violent against the plans of King John III. to reshape the Lutheran Church in a humanist-reform Catholic sense. He fought particularly hard against the Jesuit Laurentius Nicolai Norvegus ("Klosterlasse"), who from 1576 maintained a secret training center for Catholic theologians in Stockholm. In order to break the resistance, ordered Johann III. initially he was transferred to Uppsala University, but then appointed him pastor in Öregrund , and later in Saltvik on the Åland Islands. In 1580 he was imprisoned for his resistance to royal church policy and was finally able to go into exile in Lübeck in early 1582 . At first he lived in seclusion, but from 1587 he published numerous pamphlets, supported by Duke Karl, the king's younger brother (later King Charles IX ). He mainly attacked Archbishop Andreas Laurentii Björnram , who supported the king's course, and sought support from the theological faculties of the universities of Wittenberg, Leipzig, Helmstedt and Frankfurt an der Oder.
When the decision to return to pure Lutheranism was decided after King John's death at the Synod of Uppsala ( Uppsala may ), Angermannus was given the post of Archbishop of Uppsala (and thus leading Bishop of the Swedish Church). After returning to Sweden, he was able to take over his official duties in September. Immediately after his introduction to the episcopate on February 19, 1594, he crowned Johann's son Sigismund III. to the king of Sweden. A visitation carried out in 1596/97 to consolidate Lutheranism met with considerable resistance from the rural population.
Because Angermannus did not support the Protestant imperial administrator Duke Karl clearly enough in his power struggle against the Catholic King Sigismund, he fell out of favor with him and, after Sigismund had been defeated at the Battle of Stångebro , was deposed at the Diet of Jönköping in 1599 and finally confronted Gripsholm Castle imprisoned, where he died around the turn of the year 1607/08.
literature
- E. Hildebrand: Abrahamus Andreæ Angermannus . In: Svenskt biografiskt lexikon vol. 1, 1918, p. 24 ff ( online resource )
- Erik Petersson, Annika Sandén: Mot undergången. Ärkebiskop Angermannus i apokalypsens tid. Norstedts, Stockholm 2013, ISBN 978-91-1-303467-6 .
- Abraham Angermannus . In: Bernhard Meijer (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 1 : A-Armati . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1904, Sp. 56 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry in the Rostock matriculation portal .
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Andreas Laurentii Björnram |
Archbishop of Uppsala 1593 - 1599 |
Nicolaus Olai Bothniensis |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Angermannus, Abraham |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Andreae, Abraham; Angermannus, Abrahamus Andreae |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swedish Lutheran Archbishop |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1540 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sidensjö |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 1607 or January 1608 |
| Place of death | Gripsholm Castle , Mariefred |