Adolf-Henning Frucht

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Adolf-Henning Frucht (born September 2, 1913 in Torgau , † October 22, 1993 in Berlin ) was a German doctor and physiologist .

Live and act

Adolf-Henning Frucht was a great-great-grandson of the chemist Justus von Liebig and a grandson of the theologian Adolf von Harnack , who took the place of his father, Ernst Emil Frucht von Adolf-Henning Frucht, who had fallen in World War I. He was a cousin of Max Planck and Max Delbrück .

Adolf-Henning Frucht attended the Joachimsthal High School in Templin and graduated from high school in 1934. After the Reich Labor Service , which he completed as a musician, he began to study medicine in Jena and with a scholarship from 1937 in Cincinnati . He then did a three-month tropical medicine course in Puerto Rico . From 1938 he continued his studies at the University of Leipzig . In 1939 he was with the work "On the physiology of Wind Instruments game" in Leipzig doctorate .

During the National Socialist era , he supported his uncle Ernst von Harnack in the Goerdeler district and his mother's cousin Arvid Harnack in the Schulze-Boysen / Harnack district in resisting National Socialism, but terminated the connections after a short time because he was doing this for "Too suicidal and reckless" thought. In the Second World War he was used as a military doctor . After the Second World War he was first a medical officer in Dippoldiswalde , then worked in the main health department of the state government of Saxony and in 1948 became a lecturer at the Physiological Institute of the University of Leipzig. In 1953 he gained with a thesis on ultrasound diagnostics the Habilitation . In 1955 he began working at the Max Planck Institute in Göttingen.

In 1960 Frucht was appointed professor of physiology at the Humboldt University in Berlin and took over the management of the Institute for Occupational Physiology . In this function he became aware of plans by the Soviet Union to modify a US warfare agent, which would switch off the western early warning system for at least twelve hours and supposedly work even in very cold weather. He informed the American secret service about these plans through family connections. After treason, Frucht was arrested in 1967 and imprisoned in the Berlin-Hohenschönhausen remand prison. In 1968 he was sentenced to life imprisonment and taken to Bautzen II prison, where he got to know the psychiatrist Otto Hebold better.

In 1976, Frucht was initially proposed by the GDR to exchange agents against the couple Günter and Christel Guillaume , but this was not accepted. In 1977, at the suggestion of his lawyer Wolfgang Vogel, he was exchanged for the deputy chairman of the Communist Party of Chile Jorge Montes.

After his release, Frucht lived in West Berlin. He dealt with questions of scientific morality and made contributions to Fritz Haber research .

Adolf-Henning Frucht was married to Maria Frucht for the second time. He died in Berlin in 1993 at the age of 80. His grave is in the Old St. Matthew Cemetery in Berlin-Schöneberg .

Publications

  • On the physiology of playing wind instruments. Dissertation. In: Pflüger's archive for the entire physiology of humans and animals . Volume 239, Issue 4. Springer, Berlin 1940, ISSN  0365-267X , pp. 419-429.
  • Ultrasound diagnostics. The use of high-frequency mechanical vibrations as a method that is gentle on objects for the detection of material properties in biology Habilitation thesis. Medical Faculty of the University of Leipzig 1953.
  • The limits of human performance in sport. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1960.
  • Fritz Haber and pest control during the First World War and the inflationary period. Lecture manuscript 1985. Published in: Eckart Henning (Hrsg.): Dahlemer Archive Talks. Volume 11. Archive on the history of the Max Planck Society , Berlin 2005, ISSN  1431-6641 , pp. 141–158.
  • with Joachim Zepelin: The tragedy of spurned love. The story of the German-Jewish physical chemist and Prussian patriot Fritz Haber. In: Mannheimer Forum 1994/95. Piper, Munich 1995, ISSN  0177-5049 .

literature

  • Poison clouds - all hell would be going on there. The fruit espionage case. Five-part series of articles. In: Der Spiegel . Issues 24 to 28, 1978:
    • Gwynne Roberts, Clive Freeman: Cold warfare agents in the GDR . In: Der Spiegel . No. 24 , 1978, p. 94-108 ( online - 12 June 1978 ).
    • Gwynne Roberts, Clive Freeman: The Conspiratorial Work of the Professor . In: Der Spiegel . No. 25 , 1978, pp. 142-153 ( online - 19 June 1978 ).
    • Gwynne Roberts, Clive Freeman: The State Security Interrogations . In: Der Spiegel . No. 26 , 1978, p. 134-147 ( online - 26 June 1978 ).
    • Adolf-Henning Frucht: Solitary confinement in the Bautzen prison . In: Der Spiegel . No. 27 , 1978, p. 118-125 ( Online - July 3, 1978 ).
    • Spiegel talk about the responsibility of scientists . In: Der Spiegel . No. 28 , 1978, p. 120-129 ( online - 10 July 1978 ).
  • Clive Freeman, Gwynne Roberts: The Coldest War. Professor Frucht and the secret of warfare agents. Ullstein, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-550-07955-9 .
  • Helmut Wonschik (Ed.): Letters from Bautzen II. Maria and Adolf-Henning Frucht. Morgenbuch, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-371-00342-6 .
  • Karl Wilhelm Fricke , Silke Klewin: Bautzen II. Special detention center under MfS control 1956 to 1989. 3rd edition. Sandstein, Dresden 2007, ISBN 978-3-940319-24-1 .

media

  • Poison gas for Alaska. The case of Adolf-Henning Frucht. Author: Helmut Wonschick, director: Reinhard Joksch. NDR, ARTE, 2004, 52 min. abstract
  • On behalf of the family: Adolf-Henning Frucht - A GDR scientist in the constraints of the Cold War. Radio feature by Helmut Wonschick, directed by Wolfgang Bauernfeind , MDR 2013

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Andreas Mettenleiter : Testimonials, memories, diaries and letters from German-speaking doctors. Supplements and supplements II (A – H). In: Würzburg medical history reports. 21, 2002 pp. 490-518, here p. 506 f. ( Fruit section , Justus Christian Adolf-Henning. )
  2. ↑ Poison clouds - all hell would be going on there . In: Der Spiegel . No. 27 , 1978, p. 122 ( online ).
  3. ^ Poison gas for Alaska ( Memento from March 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) at ARTE , September 23, 2007.
  4. ^ Andreas Förster: Lawyer Vogel planned exchange of troublemakers , Berliner Zeitung , November 7, 1994.
  5. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende: Lexicon of Berlin tombs . Haude & Spener, Berlin 2006, p. 301.
  6. ↑ On behalf of the family: Adolf-Henning Frucht KF on programm.ard.de
personal data
SURNAME Frucht, Adolf-Henning
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and physiologist
DATE OF BIRTH September 2, 1913
PLACE OF BIRTH Torgau
DATE OF DEATH October 22, 1993
Place of death Berlin