Adolph Occo

Adolph Occo, epitaph in the Augsburg cathedral cloister

Adolph Occo, medal based on his epitaph portrait

Adolph Occo

Adolph Occo , in contrast to several others also Adolf Occo I or Adolph Occo I (* 1446 or 1447 in Osterhusen , Hinte , East Frisia ; † July 24, 1503 in Augsburg ) was a German physician, princely personal physician and humanist.

Live and act

Adolph Occo ( Odolphus Hagingi de Ostechusen de Emda ) was the son of Haignum Occo to Osterhusen and studied in Leuven , Ferrara and Bologna , received his doctorate in 1474 at the University of Ferrara for a medical doctor and taught there also from 1476 to July 1478th

In 1479 Adolph Occo settled as a doctor in Augsburg. The members of the cathedral chapter and especially Bishop Johann II von Werdenberg († 1486), who held him in high regard, were among his patients; Occo also wrote the epitaph for the latter.

In 1485 he received a letter of support from Elector Philipp von der Pfalz , who called him to Heidelberg in 1488 as his personal physician . There he met the university chancellor and Bishop of Worms Johann III. von Dalberg and Johannes Reuchlin . All three shared a great interest in humanistic studies . The contact to the Electoral Palatinate or to Heidelberg evidently came about through Rudolf Agricola , who had been working there since 1484 and who had been his childhood friend and student friend. When he became seriously ill in Heidelberg in 1485, he had Occo called there. But the latter found him no longer alive, was appointed to his estate administrator and inherited his many books.

In 1491 Adolph Occo switched to the services of Archduke Sigismund from Tyrol to Innsbruck as personal physician and Ulrich Ellenbog's successor . There the physician lived in the so-called Czichnahaus , Stiftgasse 23, and returned to Augsburg in 1494, where he continued to practice successfully. Here, Bishop Friedrich II von Zollern was one of his sponsors. According to the Allgemeine Deutscher Biographie , he “not only excelled as a doctor, but also enjoyed the reputation of a humanistically educated man who combined knowledge of Greek with Latin.” He kept his extensive private library open to all friends of science .

Occo was unmarried. He bequeathed the book collection to his nephew Pompeius Occo († 1537), agent of the Fugger banking house , in Amsterdam . He had been raised by him in Augsburg. He also had an adopted son, Adolph Occo II (1494–1572), who also worked as a doctor in Augsburg. His son Adolph Occo III. (1526–1606) also lived as a doctor in Augsburg and also became a well-known numismatist ; Emperor Maximilian II raised him to the nobility .

Adolph Occo I. died completely unexpectedly in 1503; It is said that he mistook a medicine for poison. He was buried in the cloister of Augsburg Cathedral , where his epitaph is also located. It is attributed to the sculptor Gregor Erhart and shows the doctor sitting in a half-length figure, leafing through a book with his right hand and praying the rosary with the left . Forty years after his death, the grave portrait served as a template for a commemorative medal.

literature

• Peter Assion : Occo, Adolf I .: In: author lexicon . Volume VII, Col. 12-14.
• Helmut Gier, Johannes Janota (ed.): Augsburg book printing and publishing: from the beginnings to the present. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1997, ISBN 3-447-03624-9 , p. 473 ( digitized version ).
• Otto Kostenzer: The personal physicians of Emperor Maximilian I in Innsbruck. In: Publications of the Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum. Volume 50, 1970, pp. 73-111, here: pp. 88-91 ( PDF ).
• Hermann Arthur Lier :  Occo . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, p. 126 f.
• Juliane Stelzner: The epitaph Adolph I. Occos in the Augsburg cathedral cloister. Revised and abridged version of a master’s thesis on obtaining the master’s degree in art history at the University of Augsburg in 2013 ( PDF at Academia.edu ).

Web links

Commons : Adolph Occo (I)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Adolph Occo in the Augsburger Stadtlexikon
• Image of the Occo Epitaph in the Augsburg Cathedral cloister  in the German Digital Library
• Illustration of the grave inscription for Bishop Johann von Werdenberg written by Adolph Occo

Individual evidence

1. ^ Norbert Schneider: Von Bosch zu Bruegel , Volume 10 of: Karlsruher Schriften zur Kunstgeschichte , LIT Verlag, Münster, 2015, p. 179, footnote 363, ISBN 3643130929 ; (Digital scan)
2. ↑ Wolfgang Zorn (Ed.): Life pictures from Bavarian Swabia , Volume 10, p. 79, Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn, 1973, ISBN 3874370836 ; (Detail scan)
3. ↑ Lothar Mundt (Ed.): Rudolf Agricola - De inventione dialectica libri tres / Three books on the Inventio dialectica: Based on the edition of Alardus von Amsterdam (1539) , Verlag Walter de Gruyter, 1992, p. 568, ISBN 3110942569 ; (Digital scan)
4. ↑ Jürgen Blusch: Humanist and specialist writer - Konrad Heresbach on hunting and agriculture , in: The Lower Rhine in the Age of Humanism - Konrad Heresbach and his district (Ed. Meinhard Pohl), presentations of the 9th Lower Rhine Conference of the Working Group of Lower Rhine Municipal Archives for Regional History, Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 1997, p. 148; (Article as PDF document)
5. ^ Rudolf Granichstaedten-Czerva: Alt-Innsbrucker town houses and their owners , Volume 1, Sensen Verlag, Vienna, 1962; Review of the book in: Official Journal of the State Capital Innsbruck , No. 10, from October 1, 1962, p. 7, (digital view)
6. ↑ Hans Viktor Bühler: Das Ärztegeschlecht der Occo , in: Sudhoffs Archive for the History of Medicine and Natural Sciences , Volume 28, Issue 1/2, pp. 17-22, Leipzig, 1935
7. ↑ Website on the cathedral cloister in Augsburg ( memento of the original from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
8. ↑ Gertrud Otto :  Erhart, Gregor. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 582 f. ( Digitized version ).