Alfred Frauenfeld

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Alfred Eduard Frauenfeld (born May 18, 1898 in Vienna , Austria-Hungary ; † May 10, 1977 in Hamburg ) was a National Socialist politician, Gauleiter of the NSDAP in Vienna and later General Commissioner of the General District of Crimea (sub-district Tauria) in the Reich Commissariat of Ukraine .

Parental home and First World War

Frauenfeld came from a family that had lived in Vienna for four generations. He was born the first of three sons. His father Alfred Frauenfeld was, most recently, member of the Higher Regional Court, at the district court in Vienna's 10th district .

Frauenfeld attended grammar school and passed his Matura in 1916 . After completing his training as a one-year volunteer in the Austro-Hungarian Army in Galicia and the Isonzo, he took part in the First World War and finally signed up for the Austro-Hungarian Air Force . In 1918 he married his wife, who was three years his junior. In the same year he experienced the collapse of the Danube monarchy as a lieutenant .

In Austria in the interwar period

After the end of the war, he acquired his apprenticeship as a mason's assistant. Since he could not find a job in the construction industry, he joined the " Allgemeine Österreichische Bodencreditanstalt " as a bank clerk . In addition to this bread-and-butter job, he worked as a writer and published short stories in Viennese daily newspapers.

He entered the Austrian " German Cultural Association on", an outline of the of Alfred Rosenberg "was founded in Germany Combat League for German Culture ". He sat this also at times before, and as its delegate he went in 1929 to the Nazi Party of the NSDAP in Nuremberg. After hearing Adolf Hitler at the final rally, he devoted himself to the National Socialist idea.

In 1929 he joined the Austrian NSDAP , where he was district leader of this party in the 4th district of Vienna, Wieden , from January to December 1929 .

Nazi career

In 1930 he took over the NSDAP Gauleitung in Vienna and was confirmed by Hitler in Munich a few months later. From the severance pay from his work as a bank clerk, he founded the weekly Kampfruf in Vienna . In 1931 he bought House 6 , Hirschengasse 25, for the Vienna NSDAP , set up the Gauleitung there and named it Adolf Hitler House. He succeeded in expanding the NSDAP further by 1932 and establishing the largest press group in Vienna.

From April 1932 on, Frauenfeld was a member of the Vienna state parliament and municipal council , in the state government and city senate Seitz III (non-executive) city councilor and parliamentary group leader of the NSDAP.

After the NSDAP was banned by the Dollfuss federal government in June 1933, he continued to organize the party underground. Frauenfeld was arrested in December 1933 and interned until May 1934; that same month, in May 1934, he fled to Germany. There he continued to work as a party speaker.

In 1935 Frauenfeld became managing director of the Reich Theater Chamber in the Reich Chamber of Culture and carried out this activity until the beginning of the Second World War . In 1936 he wrote in the Breslauer Neuesten Nachrichten : "National Socialism has been accused of politicizing art [...] it is the other way around: National Socialism removed the German theater from the dispute between the parties by eliminating these parties."

Frauenfeld was a member of the Reichskultursenate, and since March 1936 a member of the dictatorial Reichstag for the constituency of Düsseldorf East.

From 1936 to 1940 Frauenfeld took on diplomatic tasks in the Foreign Office (AA). At his own request, in 1940 he was appointed as a representative of the AA with the rank of consul general in the German military administration in Oslo . In the spring of 1940 he took part in the western campaign as a lieutenant in the Air Force in the 16th Army , and in 1941 in the Balkan campaign . In the subsequent Russian campaign , he reached Leningrad .

In September 1942 Frauenfeld was appointed General Commissioner for Tauria ( Crimea ) in the Reichskommissariat Ukraine and carried out this activity until 1944, when the Wehrmacht was forced to withdraw from there by the Red Army .

The General Commissariat assigned to him was to encompass the Crimea and the region adjoining it to the north as far as the Dnieper . Only after the Wehrmacht's campaign in the summer of 1942 was the area transferred to the German civil administration, and only the area between the Dnieper and the Crimea. The Crimea itself remained under military administration. The area now administered by Frauenfeld was called "Crimea (sub-district Tauria)" and had its administrative seat in Melitopol .

On July 10, 1942, Heinrich Himmler wrote a letter to Frauenfeld to thank him for the proposed relocation of the South Tyroleans to the Crimea. Himmler wrote: Yesterday I had the opportunity to talk to the Fuehrer about it, who is by no means opposed to these proposals. I am not opposed to them either, but there is agreement that the resettlement of the South Tyroleans can only begin after the end of the war. Measures were addressed here that were to be implemented after the expected victory in World War II as part of the so-called general settlement plan.

After the defeat in the Battle of the Crimea , Frauenfeld returned to Vienna. He left the handling of the authority of the General Commissioner to his staff. His “Memorandum on the Problems of the Administration of the Occupied Eastern Territories”, written on February 10, 1944, was used as evidence during the Nuremberg Trials from autumn 1945.

Frauenfeld worked for the head of the propaganda troops until the end of the war .

After the Second World War

After the end of the war, Frauenfeld was held in the Dachau internment camp and had to testify as a witness in the Nuremberg trials . He then returned to his family in Dinklage in Lower Saxony.

In 1947 Frauenfeld was sentenced in absentia to 15 years imprisonment; in Germany, however, he was denazified .

Frauenfeld is said to have been a member of the " Brotherhood ", a secret society founded by Kryptonazis in Hamburg on July 22nd, 1949 . He was also a friend of Gauleiter Gustav Adolf Scheel . In his memoirs and notes , which appeared in 1978 in the right-wing extremist Druffel Verlag , he described reports of the murder of Dachau concentration camp prisoners by the Nazis as a "big lie".

Frauenfeld was later head of a construction company in Hamburg.

literature

  • Werner Bräuninger : Masterpiece of incorrect treatment. Alfred E. Frauenfeld and the problems of the administration of the occupied eastern territories. In: Werner Bräuninger: Hitler's opponents in the NSDAP. 1921-1945 . Herbig, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-7766-2367-5 , pp. 247-257.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Andreas Zellhuber: "Our administration is driving a catastrophe ..." . The Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories and German occupation in the Soviet Union 1941–1945. Vögel, Munich 2006, p. 75. (Sources: Alfred E. Frauenfeld: And wear no reu ; Katja Klee: Biographisches Lexikon zum Third Reich ; Werner Bräuninger: Masterpiece of false treatment. Pp. 247–257.)
  2. ^ Adolf Hitler House on the website of the University of Vienna
  3. ↑ a b c d e Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. 2nd edition. Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , p. 162.
  4. ↑ Watch out for the autumn crocus bulb . In: Der Spiegel . No. 8 , 1968, p. 60 ( online - February 19, 1968 ). (Source: Helmut Heiber , letters to and from Himmler, 1968.)
  5. ^ Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. 2nd edition. Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 162. (Source: BA N 1080/272.)
  6. ↑ Alfred E. Frauenfeld: And bear no remorse '. From the Vienna Gauleiter to the General Commissioner of the Crimea. Memories and records. Leoni am Starnberger See 1978, ISBN 3-8061-0890-0 , p. 277 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Frauenfeld, Alfred
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Frauenfeld, Alfred Eduard (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP), member of the state parliament, MdR
DATE OF BIRTH May 18, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH May 10, 1977
Place of death Hamburg , Federal Republic of Germany