Old church Bürgeln

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Old church Bürgeln from the southeast

The old church is a listed church building in Bürgeln , a district of Cölbe in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district ( Hesse ). The essentially Romanesque building was expanded in the late Gothic period by a narrow rectangular choir and in 1688 it was extended in half-timbered construction .

history

Ancestors of the von Fleckenbühl (Fleckenbiel) founded a chapel around 1100, which was under the control of the Marienstift Wetzlar . In the late Middle Ages, Bürgeln was part of the Schönstadt district of the Deanery Christenberg in the Archdiakonat St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz . In the late Gothic period, the church was expanded to include an east choir and a west portal made of sandstone.

In the 16th century, the Reformation was introduced from 1526. Presumably in 1606 the parish changed to the Reformed Confession and finally returned to the Lutheran faith in 1624. Bürgeln was already a branch of Schönstadt in the pre-Reformation period and at least until 1630. Before 1664 it became a branch of Betziesdorf and 1664-1860 again a branch of Schönstadt. Then the place became a branch of Betziesdorf again.

In 1688 the building was increased by a half-timbered floor and received a baroque interior with galleries. For this, the roof was renewed and crowned with a roof turret. The Marburg professor Johannes Tesmer financed the expansion measures. From 1685–1697 the tendril paintings were created on the choir arch and the window reveals, in 1728 the south side received two new windows, in 1733 extensive paintings were completed on the choir arch, in the 1750s an organ was acquired and around 1780 the moral Bible verses were painted on the walls of the long sides.

In the course of a new church building, the old church was de-dedicated in 1970. In 1973 the Alte Kirchen sponsorship group was founded, which saved the church from demolition in the 1970s. After several years of legal dispute between the municipality, which now owned the building, and the district, which did not approve the demolition, it became the property of the parish again in 1977. The new Hessian Monument Protection Act of 1974 obliged the parish to take over and maintain the building. In 1980/1981, the company had an exterior renovation carried out, which focused on the framework. The Förderkreis Alte Kirchen has been the owner since 1984, and handed it over to the Kulturverein Alte Kirche Bürgeln on June 15, 2017.

In 1984, the dispersion paint on the ceiling and walls, which had prevented the moisture from escaping, was removed. On the chancel arch and to the window jambs were baroque paintings to light. As part of a comprehensive renovation in 2019/2020, the roof structure was refurbished and ailing beams that had suffered damage from moisture were replaced. During the renovation of the facade, cracks in the masonry were filled and the building was given a new paint job. The restorer Karoline Santowski preserved the rediscovered baroque wall paintings. In addition, the two bells were renovated. The costs totaled 400,000 euros.

The old church is used as a cultural church and offers a changing cultural program with concerts, readings and exhibitions in the summer months. Since October 2020 it has also been possible to hold weddings in the church.

architecture

The almost east- facing , white plastered church is built in the middle of a former cemetery area west of the town center from quarry stone masonry, which is raised in half-timbered construction. The unplastered framework consists of an outer and an inner wall with a cavity. A crossbar is divided into two compartments , which have a sword at the building corners. The man motif can be found under the east gable . The choir is drawn in a little opposite the nave and is united with the hall under a common hipped roof . The roof is equipped with a small dormer on each of the long sides. In the west there is a small slate roof turret that is completely slated. The cuboid shaft of the roof turret wears an octagonal pointed helmet, which is crowned by a tower knob, cross and weathercock. The bell room houses two bells that were cast by the Marburg bell caster Georg Schernbein in 1652 and 1653. The larger bell on the percussive h 1 bears the inscription "LEG OF SHEAR GIRGE MARPVRG GOS ME ANNO 165Z" and the smaller bell on cis 2 the inscription "ANNO 1653".

The long sides of the ship are structured by arched windows. The small, narrow windows on the north side date back to Romanesque times, while the two medium-sized south-facing windows with sandstone walls were broken into in 1728. A small Romanesque window at the western end of the south side is walled up secondarily. In the half-timbered extension, three square windows each are set into the north and south, and one each in the choir. The south side of the choir has a two-lane tracery window made of red sandstone; the narrow sides are windowless.

The church is accessible by a late Gothic west portal, whose arched garment has red sandstone Überstabungen. It is flanked by two mighty, low buttresses made of exposed stone masonry. These were probably built in the Middle Ages and re-performed in 1666. An upright rectangular door on the east side is accessible via an external staircase and allows access to the choir gallery.

Furnishing

The interior is closed off by a flat ceiling supported by a longitudinal girder and individual brackets . A large pointed arch opens the choir to the hall. The choir arch is painted with red diamond ashlar. Angels making music, tendrils and a building inscription can be seen above it. Three pieces of equipment were transferred to the new church in 1971: a tombstone showing a gentleman von Fleckenbiel († 1562) in knight armor, the baptismal font from 1592 and a crucifixion group donated in 1694 by Philipp Otto von Fleckenbiel called Bürgeln. The church stalls and the parsonage with openwork lozenges attached to the pulpit have not been preserved .

In the west and north, the wooden angular gallery from 1688 is built in, which stands on square posts with cube capitals. The threshold beams have a frieze with a diamond band. The parapet is formed by flat carved slats. The parapet of the choir gallery, which was reserved for privileged families until 1970, has coffered panels. The polygonal wood-sighted pulpit from the same year is placed on the south arch of the choir. It has an octagonal sound cover. The pulpit fields with upright rectangular panels are subdivided by twisted free columns on projecting consoles. The surrounding upper frieze is decorated with carved heads and the lower one with tendril ornaments. The pulpit was put up again in 2008.

In the adjacent cemetery there are iconographically significant gravestones from the 17th and 18th centuries.

organ

The church received an organ on the north gallery from 1752–1755 from Gabriel Irle (* 1705 in Hatzfeld (Eder) ; † 1761?), The son-in-law of the organ builder Johann Christian Rindt . He married Anna Maria Gertrud Rind (t) on October 19, 1728 in Schönstadt. Irle probably learned organ building from his future father-in-law and worked for many years in his workshop, which he took over after Rindt's death. The baroque prospect has an elevated polygonal central tower and two pointed towers on the outside, which are connected by lower flat pipes. The three towers are crowned by profiled cornices and rest on profiled brackets that are connected by a continuous frieze. The lower case with upright rectangular panels has the same width.

1870–1872 Peter Dickel moved the instrument to the extended west gallery. In 1897, organ builder Emil Butz from Seligenthal in Thuringia renewed the interior in a romantic style. The baroque prospectus was preserved. The new work has seven registers on a manual and pedal .

literature

  • Irmgard Bott et al. (Arrangement): Half-timbered churches in Hessen . Ed .: Förderkreis Alte Kirchen eV, Marburg. 4th edition. Langewiesche, Königstein im Taunus 1987, ISBN 3-7845-2442-7 , p. 65-66 .
  • Wilhelm Classen: The church organization of old Hesse in the Middle Ages including an outline of the modern development. Elwert, Marburg 1929, p. 121.
  • Georg Dehio ; Magnus Backes (edit.): Handbook of German Art Monuments , Hesse . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1982, DS. 108.
  • Christiane Rossner: cracks and rhythms. In: Monuments , December 2018 edition, pp. 22–27.
  • Heinrich Seibel: Chronicle of the village of Bürgeln. Burgwald Verlag, Bürgeln 1978.

Web links

Commons : Alte Kirche (Bürgeln)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Classen: The church organization of Old Hesse in the Middle Ages. 1929, p. 121.
  2. ↑ a b c d Ina Tannert: Old Church. The walls can breathe easy. In: Oberhessische Presse from January 12, 2020; accessed on August 28, 2020.
  3. ↑ Bürgeln. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on August 28, 2020 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Kulturverein Alte Kirche Bürgeln e. V .: The history of the old church in Bürgeln , accessed on August 28, 2020.
  5. ↑ a b c Church on the website of the German Foundation for Monument Protection , accessed on August 29, 2020.
  6. ↑ a b Bott (arr.): Half-timbered churches in Hessen. 1987, p. 66.
  7. ↑ Carina Becker-Werner: "The last way out before decay". In: Oberhessische Presse from June 7, 2017; accessed on August 28, 2020.
  8. ↑ Kulturverein Alte Kirche Bürgeln Weddings in the Alte Kirche , accessed on August 28, 2020.
  9. ↑ buergeln.de: Evangelical Church Community Bürgeln-Bauerbach , accessed on August 28, 2020.
  10. ↑ Georg Dehio ; Magnus Backes (arr.): Hessen . In: Handbook of German Art Monuments . First volume. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1982, p. 108 .
  11. ^ Axel Marburg, Dieter Schneider: The organ builders Rindt and Irle. In: Hinterland history sheets. Vol. 86, No. 1, March 2007, pp. 1, 2, 7, and No. 2, June 2007, pp. 10-13 (history supplements to the Hinterländer Anzeiger , Biedenkopf).

Coordinates: 50 ° 51 '16.86 "  N , 8 ° 49' 14.56"  E