Pilea cadierei

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Pilea cadierei
Pilea cadierei

Pilea cadierei

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Nettle family (Urticaceae)
Genre : Cannon flowers ( pilea )
Type : Pilea cadierei
Scientific name
Pilea cadierei
Gagnep. & Guillemin

Pilea cadierei also Vietnamese pilea called, is a plant from the genus pilea ( Pilea ) within the family nettle plants (Urticaceae). It is originally found in Vietnam and in the Chinese provinces of Guizhou and Yunnan . It is used as an ornamental plant. The common name pilea comes from the nature, the when touching the inflorescence pollen expel explosively.

description

Opposite, stalked leaves with three main veins
A pair of inflorescences

Vegetative characteristics

Pilea cadierei is a terrestrial, evergreen, perennial herbaceous plant or subshrub and reaches heights of 15 to 40, rarely up to 60 centimeters. There are rhizomes formed. The independently upright stems are somewhat succulent and sometimes lignified at their base; they are bald. Stems, stipules, petioles and leaf blades are densely covered with spindle-shaped cystolites .

The constantly against arranged on the stems leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The bare leaf stalks are all almost the same length with a length of 7 to 15 millimeters. The simple, dark green, parchment-like, almost identically shaped leaf blades are 2.5 to 6 centimeters long and 1.5 to 3 centimeters wide and obovate with a broad, wedge-shaped or almost rounded blade base and a spiked upper end. There are three main nerves visible for at least 3/4 of their length and there are three lateral nerves on each side. The leaf margins are barely recognizable, or are slightly toothed or bitten off. On the upper side of the leaf there are two subdivided white furrows and this results in some silvery raised surfaces (hence the English names "aluminum" or "watermelon plant"). The parchment-like stipules , which fall off early, are initially green and brown when they are dry, and with a length of 10 to 13 millimeters they are elongated and double-ribbed lengthways.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period in China extends from September to November. Pilea cadierei is single-sexed ( monoecious ). The unisexual inflorescences arise in pairs in opposite directions in the leaf axils .

On 1.5 to 4 centimeters long inflorescence shafts stand the male, compact, capitate inflorescences containing 5 to 125 flowers. The bracts are broad-egg-shaped with a length of about 3 millimeters. The peduncles of the male flowers are 2 to 3 millimeters long and the flower buds are pear-shaped with a length of about 2.5 millimeters. The relatively small, white-pink flowers are four-fold. The male flowers are 2.5 to 3 millimeters long and 1.8 to 2 millimeters in diameter. The four tub-shaped, approximately 3 millimeter long bracts of the male flowers grow together up to half of their length and are cartilaginous in the upper area. The four stamens protrude beyond the calyx and "explode" when shaken. The female flowers almost sessile in the zymous inflorescences. In each of the female flowers there is a rudimentary, conical carpel. The durable bracts of the female flowers are 0.5 to 0.7 millimeters in length, half as long as the nut fruit. In the female flowers there is usually only an upper carpel and elongated staminodes . The female flowers have a simple style.

The fruits ripen in China between November and December. The nuts are always solitary and egg-shaped and flattened with a length of about 1.5 millimeters. The seeds contain endosperm and a straight embryo with two ovate-elliptical or circular cotyledons ( cotyledons ).

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48.

Toxicity

Important ingredients are alkaloids . All parts of the plant above ground are poisonous. Animals can poison themselves from it.

distribution

The distribution area of Pilea cadierei extends from Vietnam to the Chinese provinces of Guizhou and Yunnan .

Taxonomy

The first description of Pilea cadierei was in 1938 by François Gagnepain and André Guillaumin in Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle , Series 2, 10, 6, p. 629. There Pilea "Cadieri" called. The specific epithet cadierei honors the ethnologist, philologist and botanist RP Léopold Cadière . The first description was based on a cultivated specimen that Cadière had collected in Vietnam.

Use as a ground cover

use

Pilea cadierei is a relatively popular houseplant due to its decorative leaves and easy vegetative propagation by cuttings . It is a partial shade plant and loves moist soil without waterlogging . It does not tolerate temperatures below about 15 ° C. She was awarded the Award of Garden Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society .

Common names

There are some common names : in German: aluminum plant ; Cadières gun flower ; Vietnamese cannon flower , Chinese  花叶 冷水 花 , Pinyin hua ye leng shui hua , English aluminum plant, watermelon pilea .

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Pilea cadierei in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Chen Jiarui, Alex K. Monro: Pilea. : Pilea cadierei Gagnepain & Guillemin , p. 97 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp, F. Chiang Cabrera: Saururaceae a Zygophyllaceae. Volume 2, 3. G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp, F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.): Pilea cadierei at Tropicos.org. In: Flora Mesoamericana . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis 2015, pp. 37-38.
  4. ↑ Pilea cadierei at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  5. ↑ a b Useful Tropical Plants .
  6. ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi: CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology (5 Volume Set) . CRC Press, 2012, ISBN 1-4200-8044-X , pp. 2928 ( Pilea cadierei on p. 2928 in the Google book search).
  7. ^ François Gagnepain, André Guillaumin: Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Série 2, 10, Paris 1939, p. 629. scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
  8. ↑ a b Pilea cadierei at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved May 7, 2017.
  9. ^ Lorraine Harrison: RHS Latin for gardeners . Mitchell Beazley, United Kingdom 2012, ISBN 978-1-84533-731-5 , pp. 224 .
  10. ↑ Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 (therein page 675).
  11. ^ RHS AZ encyclopedia of garden plants . Dorling Kindersley, United Kingdom 2008, ISBN 1-4053-3296-4 , pp. 1136 .
  12. ^ RHS-PS Plant Selector - Pilea cadierei . Retrieved May 27, 2013.

Web links

Commons : Pilea cadierei  - collection of images, videos and audio files