At the pond

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Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
At the pond
The first cartographic representation of the Eich office in an inspection map in the Office atlas of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, Gottfried Mascop, 1574
The first cartographic representation of the Eich office in an inspection map in the Office atlas of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, Gottfried Mascop , 1574
founding around 1440
resolution 1807
Incorporated into Land canton Braunschweig-West
Residents approx. 5250 (around 1807)
Villages and hamlets 11

The Eich Amt , also the Zur Eiche or Eichgericht , was an administrative and judicial district of the former Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel .

Geographical location

The office was in the west of the city of Braunschweig , between the Braunschweiger Landwehr to about the river Aue .

At the pond
Northern offices of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
The location of the Eich office
in the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, around 1795.

history

Dankwarderode Castle, administrative seat of the office, around 1720

Around 1440 eleven villages in the Liergau were combined to form the administrative and judicial district "Amt Eich". The Eich office belonged to the old family estates of the Brunones and was administered by a governor . The administrative seat was the residence of the Brunswick dukes, Dankwarderode Castle . In early documents, the office was therefore still called Burgamt .

War for office Eich

In 1501, Duke Heinrich I of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1463–1514), known as the Elder , pledged the Eich office to the city of Braunschweig for an amount of 5000 guilders . Heinrich II. (1489–1568) offered to redeem the pledge in 1550 and requested its return, but was refused by the city. The following armed conflicts led to the looting and devastation of the Riddagshausen monastery by urban troops and on July 14, 1550 to the siege of the city by the duke. After the intervention of Emperor Charles V , an armistice was decided on September 8th.

In a settlement in 1553, the city and the duke initially agreed to return the villages. Again, that did not happen. In contrast, in 1569 even the city, in the person of the two mayors of the Alte Wiek and the Hagen , was enfeoffed by Duke Julius (1528–1589) with the office of Eich. The office remained under the administration of the city of Braunschweig until 1671, when the era of the independent city of Braunschweig came to an end with the reconquest of the princes of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel.

resolution

With the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, the office was incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia created by Napoleon in 1807 . The office was dissolved and with the localities Vechelde and Lehndorf , as the Landkanton Braunschweig-West , a part of the Braunschweig district in the department of the Oker . In 1807 the villages had a total of 5250 inhabitants in 432 fire pits.

The localities of the Eich office

f1Georeferencing Map with all linked sites of the locations of the Eich office: OSM | WikiMap

Today's districts of the independent city of Braunschweig:
Broitzem and Rothenburg , Lamme , Timmerlah , Völkenrode , Watenbüttel .

Today's districts of the municipality of Vechelde in the Peine district:
Denstorf , Groß Gleidingen , Klein Gleidingen , Sonnenberg , Wedtlenstedt .

Today's districts of the municipality Wendeburg in the district of Peine:
Bortfeld .

The oak leaves in the coats of arms of Denstorf, Lamme and Timmerlah symbolize that they belonged to the Eich office from the Middle Ages to the 19th century.

  • Oak leaf in the coat of arms of Denstorf
  • Oak leaf in Lamme's coat of arms
  • Oak leaves in the coat of arms of Timmerlah

literature

  • R. Bosse: Esquisse de la Statistique generale et particulaire du Royaume de Westphalie. Brunswick 1808.
  • Manfred Garzmann , Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (Ed.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon . Supplementary volume. Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1996, ISBN 3-926701-30-7 , p. 39 .
  • Alexander von Daniels : Handbook of the history of German imperial and state law. Part 2, Volume 2. Tübingen 1862.
  • Georg Hassel : Geographical-statistical description of the principalities of Wolfenbüttel and Blankenburg . Friedrich Bernhard Culemann, Braunschweig 1802 ( digitized ).
  • Hans Jürgen Querfurth: The submission of the city of Braunschweig in 1671 - the end of the Braunschweig city freedom. Braunschweig 1953.
  • Günter Strebe, Hans-Georg Hoßbach: Sonnenberg - history of a village. Vechelde 2008.

See also