Oberamt Hünfeld

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The Oberamt Hünfeld was a judicial and administrative unit of the clerical principality of Fulda and the principality of Nassau-Oranien-Fulda as well as in the Electorate of Hesse .

history

Fulda

Hünfeld was the center of a cent or a mark, the Hünfeld and seat of the court . This was part of a donation from Charlemagne to the Fulda Abbey in 781. Later, a document differentiated between the Hünfeld district office and the Aschenbach office. Around 1015 the place was the seat of a Fulda Oberhof. In 1274 and 1424 a castle in the village is also mentioned. In 1310 Hünfeld received city rights. Due to the financial problems of the monastery in 1324, 1325, 1329, 1368, 1368 and 1391, the town, office and court of Hünfeld were pledged to the von Hune family. In 1391 the dean and convent of Fulda acquired the pledge. Further pledges were made in 1420 (to Mainz and Würzburg), 1427 (to Mainz and Hesse) and 1440 (to the von Schlitz family). In 1510 Fulda was able to redeem all pledges.

The office originally comprised a number of neighboring villages. In the cattle book of 1510, the city is already shown separately from the Hünfeld court. In 1510 Großenbach, Hünhan, Molsbach, Nüst, Rosbach, Rückers and Sargenzell belonged to the court. This separation formalized itself in the course of the 16th century. In the homage book of 1605 only the city was mentioned as an official component. All places outside the city wall now formed the Mackenzell Oberamt .

In the 18th century the office was called Oberamt. Formally, a noble bailiff was at its head. However, this office was sinecure at the end of the HRR . Rather, the chief official was in fact the city school.

Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda

The Principality of Nassau-Oranien-Fulda was created on the basis of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803. With regard to jurisdiction and administration, the rulers' ordinance of January 8, 1803 reorganized the existing offices. The Oberamt Hünfeld was expanded to include the Oberamt Mackenzell. The office was now called an office of the first class.

Grand Duchy of Frankfurt

In 1806 the Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda was occupied by the French and in 1810 it became part of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . During the French era , the office belonged to the Fulda department as the Hünfeld district fairy ; nothing changed in the structure (see court organization in the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt ). In particular, the separation of the judiciary from the administration was not introduced.

Kurhessen

According to the final act of the Congress of Vienna on July 9, 1815, the office was transferred to the Kingdom of Prussia . This transferred the office on October 16, 1815 to the Electorate of Hesse . The Hünfeld Office gave a place to the Burghaun Office. Conversely, half of the remaining Bieberstein office and part of the Haselstein office were expanded. It now consisted of Dammersbach, Gotthards, Großenbach, Haselstein, Hausarmen, Hofaschenbach, Hünfeld, Kermes, Kirchhasel, Mackenzell, Mahlerts, Marbach, Mittelaschenbach, Molzbach, Morles, Nüst, Oberaschenbach, Obernüst, Rimmels, Rödergrund, Roßbach, Rückers, Sandberg, Sargenzell, Schwarzbach, Setzelbach, Silges, Unterbernhards, Wallings and Wittges. In 1822 the administration of justice was separated from the administration. The administrative functions were transferred to the Hünfeld district , the judicial function to the Hünfeld judicial office .

Personalities

literature

  • Anneliese Hofemann: Studies on the development of the territory of the imperial abbey of Fulda and its offices. 1958, pp. 125-128.
  • Fuldaer Land / Rommerz in the 19th century from Heinrich Jakob Stöhr: Concept, scope and organization of the state of Fulda in the 19th century in the Fuldaer Geschichtsbl Blätter 1934
  • Of the Princely Hochstift Fulda State and Stand Calendar, 1800, p. 88, digitized