Salmünster Office

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The Salmünster Office (after Stolzenberg Castle, for a time also Stolzenberg Office ) was a judicial and administrative unit of the clerical principality of Fulda and the principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda as well as in the Electorate of Hesse .

history

Fulda

The parish of Salmünster and the probably congruent center of Salmünster originally comprised a much larger area than the later office. Colonization and the development of various manors split off in the High Middle Ages the Ulmbach court , the Steinau office and the court or rulership of Aufenau . The Fulda bishopric justified its claims to the Salmünster office with a donation from Charlemagne . However, the document in question is a forgery from the 12th century. In reality, Fulda acquired the area on the right of the Kinzig in 900 through an exchange with a Count Stephan and the city of Salmünster in 909 through an exchange with the diocese of Mainz for Massenheim . Stolzenberg Castle , which was also the official seat, was built to secure the Fulda exclave . There was an official cellar in the city of Salmünster itself. The Salmünster court was an imperial fiefdom and was bought in 1320 by Fulda and the Knights of Jossa , who were local bailiffs at the time. In 1320 the Fulda Abbey acquired the Bailiwick and the Central Court of Gyso, Gerhard and Konrad von Jossa, but pledged the office to Gyso von Jossa the following year. Around 1327 the pledge was redeemed and in 1328 the Fulda abbot pledged part of the office's income to Friedrich and Frowin von Hutten . Before 1340 the office was pledged to the Lords of Hoelin and before 1375 again to the von Hutten. In 1540 the von Hutten pledged part of the office to the bishopric of Mainz . When Fulda canceled the pledge in 1624, Mainz owned 4/5 of the office and von Hutten the rest. Initially, however, the pledge was not redeemed because there was no agreement on the transfer fee. The dispute was ultimately decided by the Reich Chamber of Commerce. On May 4, 1734, the Mainz part returned to Fulda, and in 1742 the Huttensche part as well.

Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda

The Principality of Nassau-Oranien-Fulda came into being on the basis of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803. With regard to jurisdiction and administration, the rulers' ordinance on January 8, 1803 reorganized the existing offices. The Salmünster office initially remained unchanged. The office was now called an Office III. Class. By announcement of March 22, 1805, the office Uerzell and the office Sannerz were canceled and assigned to the office Salmünster.

Grand Duchy of Frankfurt

In 1806 the Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda was occupied by the French and in 1810 it became part of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . During the French era , the office belonged to the Fulda department as the Salmünster district fairy , and nothing changed in terms of the structure (see court organization in the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt ). In particular, the separation of the judiciary from the administration was not introduced. In 1810, the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt exchanged territory with the Grand Duchy of Hesse (Hessen-Darmstadt). Hessen-Darmstadt received the city of Herbstein . In return, the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt received five villages in the Huttengrund : Eckardroth , Kerbersdorf , Romsthal , Wahlert and Katholisch-Willenroth , which were assigned to the Salmünster office.

Kurhessen

According to the final act of the Congress of Vienna on July 9, 1815, the office was transferred to the Kingdom of Prussia . This transferred the office on October 16, 1815 to the Electorate of Hesse . The Salmünster office comprised the exclaves located in the south of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt, so it was spatially identical to the district mairie in the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt. It included: Ahl, Eckardroth, Herolz, Kerbersdorf, Romsthal, Salmünster, Sannerz, Sarrod, Soden, Ürzell, Ulmbach, Wahlert, Weiperz and Katholisch-Willenroth. In 1822 the administration of justice was separated from the administration. The administrative functions were transferred to the Salmünster district , the judicial function to the Salmünster Justice Office .

scope

At the end of the Old Kingdom, the office comprised the cities of Salmünster and Soden and the village of Ahl and Salz (now incorporated in Bad Soden). The villages of the " Huttischer Grund " and Marborn also belonged to the main court .

Personalities

literature

  • Anneliese Hofemann: Studies on the development of the territory of the imperial abbey of Fulda and its offices. 1958, pp. 145-150.
  • Fuldaer Land / Rommerz in the 19th century from Heinrich Jakob Stöhr: Concept, scope and organization of the state of Fulda in the 19th century in the Fuldaer Geschichtsbl Blätter 1934
  • The Fürstlichen Hochstift Fulda state and state calendar, 1800, p. 89, digitized

Coordinates: 50 ° 17 ′ 27.5 ″  N , 9 ° 22 ′ 5 ″  E