Massenheim (Hochheim am Main)

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Massenheim
Massenheim coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 2 ′ 25 ″  N , 8 ° 23 ′ 16 ″  E
Height : 147 m
Area : 5.68 km²
Residents : 1500  (Jun 30, 2006)
Population density : 264 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1977
Postal code : 65239
Area code : 06145
Evangelical parish church
Old Town Hall
Former tithe barn

Massenheim is a district of Hochheim am Main in the Main-Taunus district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

The center of the village of Massenheim is about four kilometers northeast of the Hochheim core town on the other side of the Wickerbach floodplain on the edge of a slope. Located on the road from Massenheim to Hochheim, southwest of the Wickerbach and at the northern tip of the Flörsheim-Wicker landfill park , the garden city was built as a settlement in the 1970s, consisting mainly of row houses . From this direction the unobstructed and listed overall complex of the historic town center can be clearly seen.

In terms of wine law, the vineyards in Massenheim are part of the specific growing area Rheingau and belong to the Daubhaus site .

Due to its location on an airway at Frankfurt Airport for aircraft taking off , Massenheim is exposed to a considerable extent to aircraft noise , especially night aircraft noise . In May 2006 up to 208 overflights were counted daily between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. and up to 22 nightly overflights.

history

The traces of settlement in the area of ​​the village go back to the Neolithic Age . In Roman times, the area belonged to the Civitas Mattiacorum , from around the time of Charlemagne to the roughly congruent Königssondergau , which now divided the original Alemannic Rheingau into the Lower Rheingau and the Upper Rhineau. The name of the Franconian settlement Massenheim is derived from the personal name Masso. It was first mentioned in a document in 819 as a gift to the Fulda Abbey , and a church appears in the documents for the first time in 909. The wisdom of Massenheim has been handed down from 1424 , a wisdom of the Massenheim Central Court . Two representatives each of this court and the courts in Nordenstadt, Igstadt, Medenbach, Breckenheim, Diedenbergen, Wallau and Delckenheim constituted the thing at the Mallstätte in Mechtildshausen , which had blood jurisdiction .

The Kirberg pastor Christian Daniel Vogel wrote in 1836:

“Massenheim, Kirchdorf. At the time of the Carolingians a royal villa, which Emperor Ludwig donated to the Abbey of Fuld in 820. The latter exchanged the location in 909 for Archbishop Hatto of Mainz, but came into his possession again as a gift in the next year. The bailiwick over which Heinrich Vitztum had in Mainz, fell back to Fuld in the middle of the 13th century, and now presumably came to that of Eppenstein, who in 1345 and 1451 are still enfeoffed by Fuld with it. Without the feudal lord's prior knowledge, they ceded them to Adolf von Nassau. Fuld wanted to move in the fief , but gave it back to Hesse in 1501. - A Fulda fiefdom was also held here by those of Wertheim, which was transferred to von Scharfenstein in 1424 and to von Buseck in 1447; Another thing that Craft von Sindersbach owned had come to von Reifenberg in 1435. - The local parish church owes its existence to Fuld and already existed in 909. "

- CD Vogel : Historical topography of the Duchy of Nassau. Herborn 1836.

In addition to Massenheim, Delkenheim, Diedenbergen, Eddersheim, Hochheim, Igstadt, Kostheim, Langenhain, Marxheim, Medenbach, Nordenstadt, Wallau, Weilbach, Wicker and Wildsachsen belonged to the Mechtildshausen district court until the 15th century. When an inheritance was divided in 1433, most of the regional court went to Gottfried von Eppstein (Eppstein-Münzenberg). Marxheim, Weilbach, Wicker and the Eddersheim bailiwick were, however, separated; they fell to Eberhard von Eppstein (Eppstein-Königstein).

In 1492 there was a far-reaching event when Count Gottfried IX. von Eppstein-Münzenberg gave a considerable part of the Eppstein reign to Wilhelm III. sold by Upper Hesse (see Hessian Civil War ). This also included the little country consisting of Mechtildshausen with Massenheim and nine other villages (Breckenheim, Delkenheim, Diedenbergen, Igstadt, Langenhain, Medenbach, Nordenstadt, Wallau, Wildsachsen) . For the next 300 years the little land was a small Hessian property between Kurmainz and Nassau . As a result of the Homberg Synod of 1526 under Philip I , it then became an evangelical enclave in an otherwise Catholic region.

Under Wilhelm III. the little country still belonged to its part-Landgraviate of Upper Hesse, which was reintegrated into the Landgraviate of Hesse after his early death in 1500 . In the momentous division of the inheritance in 1567 after the death of Philip I, the little land first went to the second of the four sons, who inherited about a quarter of the original territory with Hessen-Marburg , then in 1604 to Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel , the son of his eldest brother . In the following year Moritz converted to Calvinism . When he illegally introduced the reformed faith in the lands he had inherited from his uncle, the Marburg inheritance dispute broke out with his cousin Landgrave Ludwig von Hessen-Darmstadt , the son of the youngest brother. According to a ruling by the Reichshofrat in 1623, Ludwig took over the area as a pledge, and following Moritz's abdication in 1627, membership of Hesse-Darmstadt became final. However, the little land was temporarily pledged to Landgrave Johann von Hessen-Braubach from 1643 to 1651.

Some details from the history of the church in Massenheim are known from the term of office of Darmstadt superintendent Peter Voltzius. In terms of canon law, the parish of Massenheim belonged to the Eppstein dominion, which included Lorsbach, Eppstein and Oberliederbach in addition to the other small parishes Delkenheim, Wallau, Diedenbergen, Nordenstadt, Igstadt, Medenbach and Breckenheim. (In 1535 the parish of Langenhain, which existed before the Reformation, was dissolved in Lorsbach, as was that of Niederliederbach in Oberliederbach. Diedenbergen also shared its pastor with Marxheim in Königstein until 1591, when Königstein before Hesse introduced the Gregorian calendar .) In terms of canon law, Massenheim therefore belonged from the beginning to Hessen-Darmstadt. Until the Reformation there had been a Marien-Frühhaltar in Massenheim, at which the pastor of Langenhain, who was still in existence at that time, read mass in return for the usufruct of 5½ acres of fields and 2½ acres of vineyards.

In 1568 the parish of Massenheim was vacant and was provided from Delkenheim. In 1569 there were only two schools in the entire Eppstein rule (in Wallau and Eppstein). In 1619 there was a school in Massenheim, but like many others in the country, this school was connected to the office of bell ringer and was normally occupied by unstudied students. This was a legacy of the Marburg and Kassel times and was considered backward under the Darmstadt rule. During a visitation in 1637, about two years after the ravages of the Thirty Years' War , Massenheim still had a bell ringer. At that time the population consisted only of “18 house seats plus a Wittib and 3 maidservants”.

In the middle of the 18th century, the Waltherisches Gut was built with a castle-like mansion , what is now called Schloss Massenheim , a cultural monument, on behalf of the Gandersheim canons Princess Maria Magdalena Benedicta von Anhalt-Köthen (also simply Maria Magdalena Benedicts) (1735 - 17 November 1783) in the entire Massenheim facility .

From 1806, Massenheim belonged to the Duchy of Nassau , from 1816 as part of the Hochheim office . (Before that, the little country had formed the Wallau office since 1643.) The larger neighboring village of Hochheim was still purely Catholic at the time, but this soon changed as a result of the arrival of the divorced wife of the Prince of Anhalt-Köthen and Nassau officials. In 1838, the vicar in Massenheim at the time received the requirement to hold a service every three weeks for the now 100 Protestants in Hochheim, which initially failed due to the lack of suitable premises. From 1849, when the Protestant chapel in Hochheim was completed, the Massenheim congregation resigned - initially voluntarily - to its clergy every 14 days. It was not until 1859 that the Hochheim community got its own pastor. Also Florsheim am Main , Weilbach and Wicker then belonged to the Protestant community of Massenheim.

In 1843 the population of the district was given as 571. Apart from 16 Jews and 9 Catholics, all were Protestant. The inhabitants were distributed among 157 families in 106 houses. A state manual from 1847 also shows a mill and a brickworks for the place under the mayor Jacob Koch and vicar Wilhelm Dörr.

In 1866 the Duchy of Nassau was annexed by Prussia . The Prussian statistics give the Massenheim wine yield in the previous year with 525 ohms (735 hectoliters) white wine on 70 acres (18 hectares) of land. By dividing the new Prussian areas into districts, the village now belonged to the Mainkreis , and from 1886 to the Wiesbaden district . Since its dissolution in 1928, Massenheim has belonged to the then newly created Main-Taunus district . In 1933 Massenheim had 733 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 716.

Territorial reform

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , Massenheim was incorporated into the city of Hochheim on January 1, 1977. After the main statute was one of Massenheim local district with the town council and mayor set up.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Massenheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Culture and sights

The church that dominates the site is a listed building and goes back to a Romanesque fortified church . The tower dates from the 15th or 16th century, the hall from 1762, when the village was already Protestant.

Of the villages in the Main-Taunus district, Massenheim has the largest and best-preserved closed historical center. There are many court rides from the 16th to 18th centuries, as well as an old town hall from the 18th century and the former tithe barn from 1706. In total, there are 40 objects in the center of the village as well as the parish church. One of the two oldest houses is a two-storey small rural house from 1564 with a striking half-timbered picture in Alte Dorfgasse 16 . The house is a listed building because of its historical and scientific importance. Hofreite Hauptstrasse 30 also dates from 1573 , a stately half-timbered house in a location that defines the townscape at the important intersection, where Hauptstrasse , Wickerer Strasse , Diedenberger Weg and Wallauer Strasse go in all four directions. The location far outside the medieval village center on the important country road that runs from Rüsselsheim over the Main to Niedernhausen suggests that this was an old post office. The house, which was built in a frame construction with a typical late Gothic half-timbered configuration, was changed several times. The last renovation took place in 1984.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Massenheim, Main-Taunus-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of November 16, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Gesamtanlage Massenheim In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
  3. ↑ Traffic noise effect . Retrieved October 5, 2018 .
  4. ↑ PDF at www.archiv.widema.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.archiv.widema.de
  5. ↑ a b c d e City portrait of the Massenheim district. Retrieved October 4, 2018 .
  6. ↑ a b Herbert Steffes: Political History MTK. Retrieved October 5, 2018 .
  7. ^ Herbert Steffes: Place names MTK. Retrieved October 5, 2018 .
  8. ^ Jacob Grimm : Weisthümer . Göttingen 1840. Volume 1, pp. 570-572.
  9. ^ A b Christian Daniel Vogel: Historical topography of the Duchy of Nassau. Herborn 1836. pp. 25-26.
  10. ↑ Landgraviate Hessen-Kassel 3. Retrieved on October 5, 2018 .
  11. ^ A b W. Diehl: Contributions to the school history of the Eppstein rule. Annals of the Society for Nassau Antiquity and Historical Research 33. Wiesbaden 1902/1903. Pp. 42-61.
  12. ^ Karl Zimmermann and Karl Zimmermann: The buildings of the Gustav-Adolf-Verein in Bild u. History. Eduard Zernin, Darmstadt 1860. pp. 288–295.
  13. ↑ PDF at www.ev-kirche-hochheim.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.ev-kirche-hochheim.de
  14. ^ State and address manual of the Duchy of Nassau: 1847 . Schellenberg, 1847 ( google.de [accessed October 5, 2018]).
  15. ^ Christian Daniel Vogel: Description of the Duchy of Nassau . Wiesbaden 1843. p. 546.
  16. ↑ Description of the Duchy of Nassau, p. 67
  17. ↑ Comparative overview of the course of industry, trade and traffic in the Prussian state in 1865 . Berlin 1867.
  18. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  19. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Main-Taunus district and the city of Wiesbaden (GVBl. II 330–30) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 309 , § 7 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  20. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 371 .
  21. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  22. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  23. ^ The affiliation of the Eppstein office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  24. ↑ a b State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse (ed.): At the church 3: Evangelical parish church In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
  25. ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Gesamtanlage Massenheim In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
  26. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Alte Dorfgasse 16 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
  27. ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Hauptstrasse 30 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse

Web links

Commons : Massenheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files