Oberamt Otzberg

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Map of the Oberamt Otzberg

The Oberamt Otzberg (also: Amt Otzberg ) was an administrative and judicial district in the Electoral Palatinate , which was in the area of ​​what is now the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in the front Odenwald . It was named after the fortress Otzberg .

geography

Immediate locations of the Oberamt were Hering , Lengfeld , Nieder-Klingen , Ober-Klingen , Hassenroth , Wiebelsbach and Heubach .

Official places of the upper office that were under a foreign central sovereignty were: Frau-Nauses ( Zent Höchst ), Ober-Nauses including Schloß-Nauses ( Zent Höchst), Hetschbach (Zent Höchst, partly aristocratic local rule), Höchst (Palatinate monastery governor until 1310 / 41), Birkert ( Habitzheimer Seite , Zent Kirchbrombach ( Breuberg )), Mittelkinzig (partly Zent Kirchbrombach, rights in Waldamorbach).

function

In the Middle Ages and early modern times , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereign rulership . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

history

Fulda

The area of the later office and Oberamt Otzberg belonged in the high Middle Ages, the monastery of Fulda . This had the Count Palatine of the Rhine and later Elector the local bailiwick awarded . In 1390 Friedrich I , Abbot of the Fulda Monastery , Otzberg, sold half of the Umstadt condominium and the Hanau pledge to Count Palatine Ruprecht II . Otzberg was thus part of the Electoral Palatinate and initially remained so until 1504.

Palatinate

In 1504, Landgrave Wilhelm II of Hesse also occupied the Otzberg area as part of the War of Landshut Succession . He moved to southern Hesse with 20,000 infantry and 2,000 horsemen and razed Huppelnheim and Wächtersbach (today both desolations ) to the ground. After the peace agreement, the Oberamt Otzberg returned to the Electoral Palatinate in 1507.

In the Oberamt Otzberg, the Palatinate Land Law from 1582, renewed in 1610, was a particular law . In addition, the common law applied , insofar as the Palatinate Land Law did not contain special regulations for a matter. This special rights retained its validity and throughout the 19th century during the affiliation of the area to the Grand Duchy of Hesse and was only on January 1, 1900 by the same across the whole German Reich current Civil Code replaced.

In the course of the Thirty Years' War , Lengfeld was given to Landgrave Ludwig V of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1626 by the emperor with whom he was allied. The Oberamt Otzberg was administered by Hessen-Darmstadt. With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 the Oberamt Otzberg was also restituted to the Count Palatine Karl I. Ludwig .

The Oberamt Otzberg remained in the Electoral Palatinate until 1803 and then fell to the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss .

Hesse

Territorial inventory

At the transition to Hessen in 1803, the Oberamt Otzberg had the following inventory:

Integration into the Hessian state

The territories gained had to be integrated into their state by the Landgraviate. From the areas south of the Main the Principality of Starkenburg (later: Province of Starkenburg ) was formed, in which the Oberamt Otzberg was also located. With the executive order of December 9, 1803, the judicial system of the two higher authorities was initially reorganized. The offices remained the first instance of justice in civil matters . For the Principality of Starkenburg, the “Hofgericht Darmstadt” became the second instance court for civil matters. It was also responsible in the first instance for civil family matters and criminal matters . The higher appeal court in Darmstadt was superordinate to it . In 1806 the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt became the Grand Duchy of Hessen .

In 1821 there was an administrative reform. With it, the court and administration were separated at the lowest level. District districts were created for the administrative tasks previously performed in the offices, and district courts for the first instance jurisdiction. The places of the former Oberamt Otzberg fell to the district of Dieburg and the district court of Umstadt . The district of Otzberg was thus dissolved.

literature

  • Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographic-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine . Second part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, pp. 1–15.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See for example: Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803 , § 7.
  2. ^ Map of the Electoral Palatinate with explanations on the Otzberg Oberamt. Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg : Institute for Franconian-Palatinate History and Regional Studies, archived from the original on January 3, 2015 ; accessed in March 2019 .
  3. ^ Otzberg Castle, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 15, 2019). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  4. ↑ Huppelnheim, Darmstadt-Dieburg. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of November 8, 2017). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on March 10, 2019 .
  5. ^ Wächtersbach, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of February 9, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on March 10, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 110.
  7. ↑ Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803 , § 7.
  8. ↑ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1862, p. 46.
  9. ↑ See Zipfen, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 30, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  10. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt, p. 403ff.
  11. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt, p. 405f.