Anna Sophia of Brandenburg

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Anna Sophia von Brandenburg, Duchess of Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Anna Sophia von Brandenburg at the age of 7, oil painting by Daniel Rose, 1605.

Anna Sophia von Brandenburg (born March 18, 1598 in Berlin ; † December 19, 1659 ibid) was a Princess of Brandenburg and by marriage Duchess of Braunschweig and Lüneburg and Princess of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel .

Life

Anna Sophia was the eldest daughter of Elector Johann Sigismund von Brandenburg from his marriage to Anna (1576–1625), daughter of Duke Albrecht Friedrich of Prussia . Initially, the princess was chosen as the wife of Count Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm von Neuburg , but this project failed after he fell out with Anna Sophia's father.

She married Duke Friedrich Ulrich von Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1591–1634) on September 4, 1614 in Wolfenbüttel . On the occasion of the wedding, Michael Praetorius composed the wedding music .

The marriage remained childless. Anna Sophia had a love affair with Duke Franz Albrecht von Sachsen-Lauenburg , who served in the army led by Johann T'Serclaes von Tilly . After he was defeated by Christian von Braunschweig in a battle near Plesse , the compromising correspondence between Anna Sophia and Franz Albrecht was found among the booty, which Christian handed over to his brother Duke Friedrich Ulrich. Anna Sophia then fled to the court of her brother Georg Wilhelm . Anna Sophie wrote to Emperor Ferdinand II that her husband had withdrawn his marital affects and heart , and Georg Wilhelm wrote to his brother-in-law that he should leave his wife on leave and forward the jewelry.

The Anna-Sophianeum Latin School in Schöningen , founded by Anna Sophia and redesigned in baroque style (now the City Museum)

Friedrich Ulrich had his wife excluded from church prayers, forbade the payment of interest on her personal belongings and confiscated the property she brought in. However, Anna Sophie did not comply with a summons to Wolfenbüttel before a consistory, and she also refused to consent to a divorce and remarriage of Friedrich Ulrich. Emperor Ferdinand, who was supposed to intervene to arbitrate, failed and left the case to Elector Johann Georg I of Saxony in 1626 . This called a court chaired by the court preacher Matthias Hoë von Hoënegg , the Brandenburg and Lüneburg deputies were buried. During the negotiations, Duke Friedrich Ulrich died in Braunschweig , with which the Middle House of Braunschweig died out.

Anna Sophia then lived on her widow's residence at Schöningen Castle . There she donated and actively promoted the Schöningen city ​​school on the market, which was named Anna-Sophianeum in her honor . She had the building acquired for this purpose redesigned in Baroque style and provided with Brandenburg and Brunswick coats of arms on the portal; the house is now used as a local museum.

Anna Sophia appointed Raban von Canstein as councilor and high marshal, who later made a career for her brother as president of the court chamber. Described as extraordinarily clever, she knew how to keep her Wittum out of the chaos of war and also to protect the University of Helmstedt through skillful negotiations with the various parties in the Thirty Years' War . On April 29, 1629 there was a solemn handover of the office of Calvörde in the market town of Calvörde from the Imperial Commissioner with Colonel David Becker, Baron von der Ehren, to Duchess Anna Sophie von Braunschweig. The army leaders of all parties issued letters of protection to Anna Sophia, and the university and Anna Sophia's property were the only parts of the country that were protected from attacks and looting.

Anna Sophia was buried in the Hohenzollern Crypt in the Berlin Cathedral .

literature

  • Jill Bepler: Anna Sophia, Duchess of Braunschweig and Lüneburg. In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 44-45 .
  • Samuel Buchholtz: Attempt of a history of the Churmarck Brandenburg from the first appearance of the German Sennonen up to the present time. Vol. 3-4, FW Birnstiel, 1767, p. 578.
  • Friedrich of the blankets: Duke Georg of Braunschweig and Lüneburg. Hahn, 1833, p. 110.
  • August Friedrich Gfrörer: Gustav Adolph, King of Sweden, and his time. A. Krabbe, 1852, pp. 357f.
  • Wilhelm Havemann: History of the Lands Braunschweig and Lüneburg. P. 603ff.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jörg Jochen Berns: Courtly festival culture in Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, 1590–1666. Rodopi, 1982, p. 25.
  2. ^ Johann Christoph Stübner: Historical description of the church constitution in the Herzogl Braunschweig-Lüneburgischen Lands since the Reformation. Ernst Wilhelm Gottlieb Kircher, 1800, p. 436.
  3. ↑ Local history museum. City of Schöningen, accessed on June 10, 2019 . Local history museum in Schöningen. In: Elm-Freizeit.de. Retrieved June 10, 2019 .
  4. ^ Johann Samuel Publication: Volume 21 of General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts. J. f. Gleditsch, 1830, p. 34.
  5. ↑ Ulrich Brohm: The handicraft policy of Duke August the Younger of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel. Franz Steiner Verlag, 1999, p. 36.
personal data
SURNAME Anna Sophia of Brandenburg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duchess of Braunschweig-Lüneburg
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1598
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH December 19, 1659
Place of death Berlin