Antonín Zápotocký
Antonín Zápotocký (born December 19, 1884 in Zákolany near Kladno , Bohemia , † November 13, 1957 in Prague ) was a Czechoslovak trade union leader , politician and author. Zápotocký was the second communist president of Czechoslovakia.
career
Zápotocký was initially a trade union official, then from 1922 to 1925 General Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party . Shortly after the occupation of Czechoslovakia by German troops (March 1939) he was arrested; from 1940 to 1945 he was in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp .
After the war in 1945 he became chairman of the Czechoslovak trade union federation ROH.
In February 1948, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia took power in the Czechoslovak Republic (" February Revolution "). Because Beneš did not want to sign the new constitution of May 1948, he resigned and Klement Gottwald , who had headed his second government since February 1948 , became president .
Zápotocký succeeded Gottwald as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia ; he headed the Antonín Zápotocký government . Gottwald died on March 14, 1953, a week after Stalin; Zápotocký was elected President by the National Assembly on March 21, 1953.
The new prime minister was Viliam Široký , who remained head of government until 1963. The political show trials continued; on 21./24. In April 1954 the trial of the so-called "bourgeois nationalists" took place, one of the main defendants was Gustáv Husák .
Antonín Novotný became the first secretary of the KSČ in 1953, succeeding Gottwald. Novotný followed a relatively repressive course and had the backing of the Soviet Union . Zápotocký had to cede power to him.
Zápotocký died in office in November 1957.
Honors
In the GDR there were u. a. an FDGB vacation home in Bad Schandau and a polytechnic high school in Neubrandenburg .
In addition, he received the Karl Marx Order in 1956 .
Works (selection)
- New fighters will rise: my father's life . Remembrance novel (original title: Vstanou noví bojovníci , translated by Jana Nowaková), Dietz, Berlin 1951 ( DNB 455790639 ).
- The stormy year 1905. Memory novel (original title: Bouřlivý rok , translated by Jana Nowaková). Dietz, Berlin, 1952 ( DNB 455790590 ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Antonín Zápotocký in the catalog of the German National Library
- Newspaper article about Antonín Zápotocký in the press kit of the 20th century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economy .
See also
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1918 to 1939
Karel Kramář (1918–1919) |
Vlastimil Tusar (1919-1920) |
Jan Černý (1920–1921) |
Edvard Beneš (1921–1922) |
Antonín Švehla (1922–1926) |
Jan Černý (1926) |
Antonín Švehla (1926–1929) |
František Udržal (1929–1932) |
Jan Malypetr (1932–1935) |
Milan Hodža (1935–1938) |
Jan Syrový (1938) |
Rudolf Beran (1938–1939)
1945 to 1992
Zdeněk Fierlinger (1945–1946) |
Klement Gottwald (1946–1948) |
Antonín Zápotocký (1948–1953) |
Viliam Široký (1953–1963) |
Jozef Lenárt (1963–1968) |
Oldřich Černík (1968–1970) |
Lubomír Štrougal (1970–1988) |
Ladislav Adamec (1988-1989) |
Marián Čalfa (1989–1992) |
Jan Stráský (1992)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Zápotocký, Antonín |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Czechoslovak politician and author |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 19, 1884 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Zákolany near Kladno , Bohemia |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 13, 1957 |
| Place of death | Prague |