Arnold Eucken

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Arnold Eucken

Arnold Eucken (born July 3, 1884 in Jena , † June 16, 1950 in Seebruck , Chiemsee ) was a German physical chemist .

Life

Eucken was born in Jena as the son of the philosopher and later Nobel laureate in literature, Rudolf Eucken . He was the brother of the economist Walter Eucken . He began his studies at the Christian Albrechts University . In 1903 he became a member of the Corps Saxonia Kiel . When he was inactive , he moved to the home university of Jena and the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin .

Göttingen memorial plaque for Arnold Eucken

Eucken worked for Walther Nernst and received his doctorate in 1906 on the subject of the stationary state between polarized hydrogen electrodes . In 1911 the habilitation followed in Berlin. At the age of 31 he could have taken over the chair at the TH Breslau in 1915 ; But that came about only in 1919. In the meantime, the First World War kept him in madness as a battery leader on the Western Front (where he received the Iron Cross 1st class) and as a teacher at the artillery school. In 1930 he went to the Georg August University of Göttingen as the successor to Gustav Tammann . After the NSDAP won the Reichstag election in March 1933 , Eucken became a member of the party in 1933. He continued to work as a full professor in Göttingen.

Since 1913 he was married to Fritzi Brausewetter ; the couple had four children. Eucken ended his life by suicide in 1950 .

Services

Eucken made important contributions in the field of physical chemistry and technical chemistry . He focused on specific heat at very low temperatures, the structure of liquids and electrolyte solutions , molecular physics (rotation, vibration), deuterium and heavy water , homogeneous and heterogeneous gas kinetics , catalysis , chemical engineering and chemical technology .

At his invitation, Edward Teller came to Göttingen in 1931, where he also worked with James Franck and especially with Hertha Sponer . Klaus Schäfer and Ernst Ulrich Franck were among his doctoral students . One of Eucken's last doctoral students was Manfred Eigen , who later won the Nobel Prize .

Honors

Villa of the Eucken family in Jena

The Association of German Engineers awards the Arnold Eucken Prize in his memory .

Works

  • Outline of Physical Chemistry , Leipzig, various editions from 1922
  • Textbook of chemical physics , Leipzig, various editions from 1930
  • Arnold Eucken and Rudolf Suhrmann , physical-chemical practical exercises , Leipzig, various editions from 1928
  • The Nernst heat law , results of the exact natural sciences 1 (1922), pp. 120–162.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 77 , 149.
  2. ^ Biographical data, publications and academic family tree of Arnold Eucken at academictree.org, accessed on February 4, 2018.
  3. ↑ http://www.chemgeo.uni-jena.de/chegemedia/Fakult%C3%A4t/Geschichte/Chemiehistorische+Notizen/14_3+Arnold+Eucken.pdf
  4. ^ A b Hermann Rink , Georg Bacmeister: Arnold Eucken Saxoniae Kiel - a greatness in physical chemistry . Once and Now, Yearbook of the Association for Corps Student History Research, Vol. 59 (2014), pp. 577-579.
  5. ↑ a b Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 140.
  6. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 78.
personal data
SURNAME Eucken, Arnold
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eucken, Arnold Thomas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Physical chemist
DATE OF BIRTH July 3, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Jena
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 1950
Place of death Seebruck