Burgermeistererei Burg

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The mayor's castle was in the 19th century a mayor until 1820 in the circle Solingen then to 1929 in the county Lennep of the Prussian Rhine province . It emerged from the medieval Bergische Amt Solingen , which was dissolved under the French in 1806 and divided into independent cantons and Mairies . Under Prussia, the Mairie Castle was converted into the Burgermeistererei and received town charter as a castle on the Wupper . In 1975 the urban area was incorporated into the city of Solingen and now forms part of the Burg / Höhscheid district .

Background and story

The borders from 1808–1888 of the seven former cities in the area of ​​today's city of Solingen; the Burgermeistererei Burg in the southeastern area

The Duchy of Berg last belonged to King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria due to inheritance . On March 15, 1806 he ceded the duchy to Napoleon Bonaparte in exchange for the principality of Ansbach . He transferred the duchy to his brother-in-law Joachim Murat , who united it on April 24, 1806 together with the (remaining) right bank of the Duchy of Kleve and the counties of Mark , Dortmund , Limburg , the principality of Munster and other territories to form the Grand Duchy of Berg .

Soon after the takeover, the French administration in the Grand Duchy began to introduce new and modern administrative structures based on the French model. By August 3, 1806, this municipal reform replaced and unified the old Bergisch offices and rulers. It provided for the creation of departments , arrondissements , cantons and municipalities (called Mairies from the end of 1808) and broke with the old nobility prerogatives in local government. On November 14, 1808, this process was completed after a reorganization of the first structuring from 1806, the Altbergic honors were often retained and were assigned to the respective Mairies of a canton as rural communities.

On October 25, 1808, Burg had applied for the heavily indebted freedom to form its own mairie instead of being added to the Mairie Wermelskirchen in the hope of economic recovery and lower administrative costs. The application was controversial in the administration. Based on a positive report by Krey, the Solingen official, the Minister of the Interior, Karl Josef von Nesselrode-Reichenstein, decided on December 19, 1808 that Mairie Castle would become Mairie, even though it had 1,245 inhabitants and fell below the prescribed minimum of 1,500. The Freiheit Burg became part of the canton of Wermelskirchen in the Elberfeld arrondissement as a separate mairie .

The Mairie Burg belonged to the old ducal residence Schloss Burg, their Burgmannensiedlung with the freedom castle and several residential areas in the area.

In 1813 the French withdrew from the Grand Duchy after the defeat in the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig and from the end of 1813 it fell under the provisional administration of Prussia in the Generalgouvernement of Berg , which was finally awarded it by the resolutions of the Congress of Vienna in 1815. With the formation of the Prussian province of Jülich-Kleve-Berg in 1816, the existing administrative structures were largely retained and, while maintaining the French borders, transformed into Prussian districts , mayorships and municipalities , which often survived into the 20th century. Castle with its 1,401 inhabitants was an exception to the rule. The canton of Solingen had become the district of Solingen , to which Mairie Burg was assigned from the former canton of Wermelskirchen.

On October 30, 1819, when the mayor's office in Burg was assigned to the district of Lennep , in which the canton of Wermelskirchen was absorbed in 1816, the separation from Wermelskirchen was reversed. According to the statistics and topography of the Düsseldorf administrative district , the mayor's office had a population of 1,521 in 1832, divided into 526 Catholic and 995 Protestant parishioners. The living quarters of the mayor's office comprised two churches, seven public buildings, 220 residential houses, 15 factories and mills and 96 agricultural buildings. Among the living quarters of the mayor belonged, according to the statistics (contemporary spelling): Castle , Burgerhöh , New Hoff , Anger Scheid , basement hammer , scythe factory , Luhnshammer , New Hammer , Black Wager cottas and Wieskotten .

On August 18, 1856 Burg was due to the entry into force of that year in New Rhenish order the city charter and was renamed Castle on the Wupper.

The municipality encyclopedia for the province of Rhineland from 1888 gives a population of 1,418 (875 Protestant, 540 Catholic and three other Christian) residents of the city (and at the same time mayor's office) Burg an der Wupper, who lived in a residential area with a total of 219 houses and 344 households . The area of ​​the city and mayor's office (399  hectares ) was divided into 109 hectares of arable land, 24 hectares of meadows and 200 hectares of forest.

When the Lennep district was dissolved on August 1, 1929 due to the law on the municipal reorganization of the Rhenish-Westphalian industrial area , the town of Burg an der Wupper came into the newly established Rhein-Wupper district . It remained there until 1975 and was then incorporated into the city of Solingen together with the outskirts of Wermelskirchen and Witzhelden due to Section 20 of the law on the reorganization of the communities and districts of the reorganization area Mönchengladbach / Düsseldorf / Wuppertal ( Düsseldorf law ) .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bettina Severin Barboutie: French rule policy and modernization: administrative and constitutional reforms in the Grand Duchy of Berg (1806–1813) , Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58294-9 . On-line
  2. ↑ Decree on the division of the Grand Duchy of Berg of November 14th, 1808 in: Law Bulletin of the Grand Duchy of Berg - Laws which take precedence on November 3rd, 1809, Düsseldorf, 1810 - 1813, p. 72
  3. ↑ a b Gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  4. ^ Official journal for the administrative district of Düsseldorf 1816, p. 16
  5. ↑ Johann Georg von Viebahn : Statistics and Topography of the Administrative District of Düsseldorf , 1836
  6. ↑ Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Prussia) (Ed.): Community encyclopedia for the Rhineland Province, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1885 and other official sources, (Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume XII), Berlin 1888.