Baden (ship, 1935)
 MS Baden in Friedrichshafen
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||
The motor ship Baden - one of the few Lake Constance ships that never changed its name - is a passenger ship on Lake Constance . She was the first three-deck motor ship in the Lake Constance fleet . Two days later, the second three-deck ship followed with the likewise new Germany (port of Lindau ), the Allgäu was also converted in 1935. The Baden is currently the oldest active passenger ship in the Lake Constance shipping company .
history
1935-1945
The keel for the new construction of the motor ship was laid in the Bodan shipyard in Kressbronn on Lake Constance . The maiden voyage took place on June 4, 1935 . The ship's name “Baden” follows a tradition of Reichsbahn ships of the same name - the Baden steamship from 1871 and the Baden motor ship from 1932.
Outwardly strikingly in Baden addition to the long-drawn bow and the short is Transom the encircling first time in a Bodenseeschifffahrt gallery. After the positive experience with the Voith-Schneider propeller in the three “ winter ships ”, the propeller was used in a further developed manner. Planned experiments - a combination of double screws with a Voith-Schneider propeller - were not carried out.
As the flagship of the Constance fleet of the Deutsche Reichsbahn , the Baden on the Obersee was mostly used for scheduled services between Constance and Bregenz . Most of the other larger Lake Constance ships were used for excursions by the Nazi organization " Kraft durch Freude " during the Nazi dictatorship in Germany .
The Second World War brought the decline of excursion traffic on Lake Constance. Due to increasing fuel shortages, the motor ships of the Deutsche Reichsbahn were gradually decommissioned. In 1944, the Lake Constance shipping traffic was stopped and the Baden anchored with other Konstanzer motor ships ( Höri , Schienerberg ) in Ludwigshafen to protect against air attacks. Nevertheless, the ships were discovered and shot at on July 24, 1944 by American fighter-bombers. Only the use of some commercial fishermen who abdichteten the bullet holes with corks below the waterline was thanks to them that the Baden remained buoyant. Traces of this air attack - more than four hundred hits were counted - can still be seen today on the information boards on the boarding deck.
post war period
In 1945 the Baden was temporarily repaired and anchored as a floating casino for the French occupation troops in front of the Konstanzer Insel-Hotel . In 1948 all courses on Lake Constance shipping were resumed. After the clearance in 1949, the last war damage was repaired as part of a general overhaul. Then the Baden was able to resume its course trips on the Obersee.
After the two Voith-Schneider propellers had been removed for repairs, water penetrated the hull on January 22, 1955 and the ship sank stern first to the bottom of the Konstanz shipyard. Two days later it was lifted again with the help of the fire department .
Since the commissioning of the new Konstanz flagship in Munich in 1962, the Baden has been operating more and more in the Überlinger See , where it was used as a scheduled ship from 1969.
Turn of the millennium
In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Baden was almost exclusively on its regular courses in the Überlinger See. During the main season, around 9.15 p.m., she was usually the last scheduled ship to reach the port of Constance.
During the more than 70 years of service, the Baden was repeatedly overhauled and kept up to date, most recently in the winter of 1997/1998, when a major general overhaul and modernization took place. Unfortunately, these modernizations took no account of the historically valuable original interior design. Years of service as a "disco ship" also did not help to preserve the furniture.
The last time the Baden operated a regular service on the Überlinger See in 2009 was 28,800 kilometers and carried 322,000 passengers.
Todays situation
The aged motor ship Baden will be spared after the Überlingen was put into service in 2010 and was relocated to Lindau on July 1, 2010. From there she goes on secondary courses and for tours on the Obersee. As part of the Lindau Harbor Christmas 2009, the Baden was festively decorated in Lindau Harbor as a Christmas ship.
Today it runs from the port of Lindau on the course via Bad Schachen , Wasserburg to Rorschach and vice versa (as of 2011). The MS Baden received an extensive land inspection at the BSB shipyard in Friedrichshafen in the winter of 2013/14.
Monument protection and tradition
In the meantime, the monument protection authorities have also kept an eye on this ship and consider it worthy of protection. At a lecture in the Zeppelin Museum about the future of Lake Constance shipping operations in 2011, it was heard that the Baden and two other motor ships from the pre-war period ( Karlsruhe from April 28, 1937, Swabia from May 7, 1937) should be preserved as traditional ships in the long term. The Bodensee-Schiffsbetriebe and the city of Konstanz, as the responsible monument authority, signed a contract on June 4, 2014 for the permanent maintenance of the MS Baden. The ship has been a listed building since then.
literature
- P. Nagel: The "Baden", a new diesel motor ship for the Deutsche Reichsbahn on Lake Constance. In: Newspaper of the Association of Central European Railway Administrations, Volume 75, No. 35 (August 20, 1935), pp. 733–736.
- Michael Berg: Motor shipping on Lake Constance under the Deutsche Reichsbahn and in the post-war period . Planning, construction and use of the White Fleet 1920 to 1952. Verlag regionalkultur, Ubstadt-Weiher et al. 2011. ISBN 978-3-89735-614-6 .
- MS Baden 70 years young , press release on the occasion of its 70th birthday in 2005, published on May 28, 2005
- Happy Birthday MS Baden! , Press release on the occasion of the 75th birthday in 2010, published on June 4, 2010
- A floating cultural monument turns 80 , press release on its 80th birthday in 2015, published on June 4th, 2015
Web links
- The bathing at bodenseeschifffahrt.de
- Our fleet: the MS Baden. Bodensee-Schiffsbetriebe , accessed on January 2, 2020 .
- Michael Berg: Business baggage or transport cultural asset? An assessment of the historical relevance of the Lake Constance motor passenger ships Baden and Swabia as a basis for considerations about a possible further preservation . pdf
Footnotes
- ^ According to other information on June 2, 1935
- ↑ According to other information, they were British mosquito fighter-bombers
- ↑ a b Martin Bauer: New flagship on Lake Constance . In: Südkurier. June 14, 2010.
- ↑ [1] . In: Südkurier. 2nd January 2014.
- ^ "Friedrichshafen" under monument protection . In: Südkurier. 5th June 2014.