Bembicinae
Bembicinae | ||||||||||||
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Gyroscopic wasp ( Bembix rostrata ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Bembicinae | ||||||||||||
Latreille , 1802 |
Bembicinae is a subfamily of the Crabronidae within the digger wasps (Spheciformes), which occur worldwide with about 1700 species. According to Pulawski (2009) it comprises 81 genera in three tribes . In Europe, the subfamily is represented with 149 species in 19 genera. Their main distribution area are the warmer countries. The group was originally placed as a subfamily Nyssoninae to the Sphecidae .
features
The species of the Bembicinae almost all have a laterally widened mesonotum by plate-shaped laminae , which more or less overlap the base of the Tegula . The jugum of the hind wings is shorter than the submedian cell. The forewings have three submarginal cells. In all species except the tribe Bembicini, the rails ( tibia ) of the middle legs have two apical spurs.
Way of life
Most species feed their brood with Gleichflüglern , there are, however, butterflies , Hymenoptera , lacewings and dragonflies hunted. Some species are kleptoparasites from other species of the subfamily. Three quarters of all species of the Bembicini specialize in two-winged birds. The nests are created in the ground. The females either care for their nest alone or parasitize the nests of other wasps. The former create one or more nests by digging with the mandibles and front legs. Many species have a number of short burial thorns on their front legs.
Systematics
All currently recognized recent subtaxa down to genus and European species are listed below:
- Tribus Alyssontini Dalla Torre, 1897
-
Alysson tank, 1806
- Alysson Costai Beaumont 1953
- Alysson Katkovi Kokujev 1906
- Alysson Pertheesi Gorski 1852
- Alysson ratzeburgi Dahlbom 1843
- Alysson spinosus (tank 1801)
- Alysson tricolor Lepeletier & Serville 1825
- Analysson Krombein, 1985
-
Didineis Wesmael , 1852
- Didineis clavimana Gussakovskij 1937
- Didineis crassicornis Handlirsch 1888
- Didineis hispanica Guichard 1990
- Didineis lunicornis (Fabricius 1798)
- Didineis pannonica Handlirsch 1888
- Didineis wuestneii Handlirsch 1888
-
Alysson tank, 1806
- Tribus Bembicini Latreille, 1802
- Subtribus Argogorytina Nemkov and Lelej, 1996
-
Argogorytes Ashmead, 1899
- Argogorytes fargeii (Shuckard 1837)
- Argogorytes hispanicus (Mercet 1906)
- Argogorytes mystaceus (Linnaeus 1761)
- Neogorytes R. Bohart, 1976
- Paraphilanthus Vardy, 1995
-
Argogorytes Ashmead, 1899
- Subtribus Bembicina Latreille, 1802
-
Bembix Fabricius, 1775
- Bembix bicolor Radoszkowski 1877
- Bembix bidentata Vander Linden 1829
- Bembix cinctella Handlirsch 1893
- Bembix flavescens F. Smith 1856
- Bembix geneana A. Costa 1867
- Bembix megerlei Dahlbom 1845
- Bembix merceti J. Parker 1904
- Bembix oculata tank 1801
- Bembix olivacea Fabricius 1787
- Bembix pallida Radoszkowski 1877
- Bembix rostrata (Linnaeus 1758)
- Bembix sinuata tank 1804
- Bembix tarsata Latreille 1809
- Bembix turca Dahlbom 1845
- Bembix wagleri Gistel 1857
- Bembix zonata Klug 1835
- Bicyrtes Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
- Carlobembix Willink, 1958
- Chilostictia Gillaspy, 1983
- Editha J. Parker, 1929
- Glenostictia Gillaspy 1962
- Hemidula Burmeister, 1874
- Microbembex Patton, 1979
- Microstictia Gillaspy, 1963
- Rubrica J. Parker, 1929
- Selman J. Parker, 1929
- Steniolia Say, 1837
- Stictia Illiger, 1807
- Stictiella J. Parker, 1917
- Trichostictia J. Parker, 1929
- Xerostictia Gillaspy, 1963
- Zyzzyx Godfather, 1837
-
Bembix Fabricius, 1775
- Subtribus Exeirina Dalla Torre, 1897
- Clitemnestra Spinola, 1851
- Exeirus Shuckard, 1838
-
Olgia Radoszkowski, 1877
- Olgia Helena Beaumont 1953
- Subtribus Gorytina Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
- Afrogorytes Menke, 1967
- Allogorytes R. Bohart, 2000
- Arigorytes Rohwer, 1912
- Aroliagorytes R. Bohart, 2000
- Austrogorytes R. Bohart, 1967
- Eogorytes R. Bohart 1976
- Epigorytes R. Bohart, 2000
-
Gorytes Latreille, 1805
- Gorytes africanus Mercet 1905
- Gorytes albilabris (Lepeletier 1832)
- Gorytes fallax Handlirsch 1888
- Gorytes foveolatus hand deer 1888
- Gorytes kohlii Handlirsch 1888
- Gorytes laticinctus (Lepeletier 1832)
- Gorytes neglectus Handlirsch 1895
- Gorytes nigrifacies (Mocsary 1879)
- Gorytes planifrons (Wesmael 1852)
- Gorytes pleuripunctatus (A. Costa 1859)
- Gorytes procrustes Handlirsch 1888
- Gorytes quadrifasciatus (Fabricius 1804)
- Gorytes quinquecinctus (Fabricius 1793)
- Gorytes quinquefasciatus (tank 1798)
- Gorytes schlettereri Handlirsch 1893
- Gorytes schmiedeknechti Handlirsch 1888
- Gorytes sulcifrons A. Costa 1869
- Hapalomellinus Ashmead, 1899
- Harpactostigma Ashmead, 1899
-
Harpactus Shuckard, 1837
- Harpactus affinis (Spinola 1808)
- Harpactus alvaroi Gayubo 1992
- Harpactus annulatus Eversmann 1849
- Harpactus consanguineus (Handlirsch 1888)
- Harpactus creticus (Beaumont 1965)
- Harpactus croaticus Vogrin 1954
- Harpactus elegans (Lepeletier 1832)
- Harpactus exiguus (Handlirsch 1888)
- Harpactus fertoni (Handlirsch 1910)
- Harpactus formosus (Jurine 1807)
- Harpactus guichardi (Beaumont 1968)
- Harpactus laevis (Latreille 1792)
- Harpactus leucurus (A. Costa 1884)
- Harpactus lunatus (Dahlbom 1832)
- Harpactus moravicus (Snoflak 1943)
- Harpactus morawitzi Radoszkowski 1884
- Harpactus niger (A. Costa 1858)
- Harpactus picticornis Vogrin 1954
- Harpactus priscus Ljubomirov 2001
- Harpactus pulchellus (A. Costa 1859)
- Harpactus quadrisignatus (Palma 1869)
- Harpactus schwarzi (Beaumont 1965)
- Harpactus tauricus Radoszkowski 1884
- Harpactus tumidus (Panzer 1801)
-
Hoplisoides Gribodo, 1884
- Hoplisoides craverii craverii (A. Costa 1869)
- Hoplisoides craverii (A. Costa 1869)
- Hoplisoides latifrons (Spinola 1808)
- Hoplisoides punctuosus (Eversmann 1849)
-
Lestiphorus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1832
- Lestiphorus bicinctus (Rossi 1794)
- Lestiphorus bilunulatus A. Costa 1869
- Leurogorytes R. Bohart, 2000
- Liogorytes R. Bohart, 1967
- Megistommum W. Schulz, 1906
-
Oryttus Spinola, 1836
- Oryttus concinnus (Rossi 1790)
- Oryttus infernalis (Handlirsch 1888)
-
Psammaecius Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1832
- Psammaecius punctulatus (Vander Linden 1829)
- Psammaletes Pate, 1936
- Sagenista R. Bohart, 1967
- Saygorytes Nemkov, 2007
- Stenogorytes Schrottky, 1911
- Stethogorytes R. Bohart, 2000
- Tretogorytes R. Bohart, 2000
- Xerogorytes R. Bohart, 1976
- Subtribus Handlirschiina Nemkov and Lelej, 1996
-
Ammatomus A. Costa, 1859
- Ammatomus coarctatus (Spinola 1808)
- Ammatomus rogenhoferi (Handlirsch 1888)
- Handlirschia Kohl, 1897
- Kohlia Handlirsch, 1895
- Pterygorytes R. Bohart, 1967
-
Sphecius Dahlbom, 1843
- Sphecius antennatus (Klug 1845)
- Sphecius conicus (Germar 1817)
- Sphecius grandis (Say 1823)
- Sphecius nigricornis (Dufour 1838)
- Sphecius speciosus (Drury, 1773)
- Tanyoprymnus Cameron, 1905
-
Ammatomus A. Costa, 1859
- Subtribus Heliocausina Handlirsch, 1925
- Acanthocausus Fritz and Toro, 1977
- Heliocausus Kohl, 1892
- Tiguipa Fritz and Toro, 1976
- Subtribus Stizina A. Costa, 1859
-
Bembecinus A. Costa, 1859
- Bembecinus carinatus Lohrman 1942
- Bembecinus carpetanus (Mercet 1906)
- Bembecinus crassipes (Handlirsch 1895)
- Bembecinus cyprius Beaumont 1954
- Bembecinus hungaricus (Frivaldszky 1876)
- Bembecinus insulanus Beaumont 1954
- Bembecinus meridionalis A. Costa 1859
- Bembecinus peregrinus (F. Smith 1856)
- Bembecinus pulchellus (Mercet 1906)
- Bembecinus tridens (Fabricius 1781)
-
Stizoides Guérin-Méneville , 1844
- Stizoides crassicornis (Fabricius 1787)
- Stizoides melanopterus (Dahlbom 1845)
- Stizoides tridentatus (Fabricius 1775)
-
Stizus Latreille, 1802
- Stizus aestivalis Mercet 1906
- Stizus annulatus (Klug 1845)
- Stizus bipunctatus (F. Smith 1856)
- Stizus continuus (Klug 1835)
- Stizus fasciatus (Fabricius 1781)
- Stizus hispanicus Mocsary 1883
- Stizus perrisi Dufour 1838
- Stizus pubescens (Klug 1835)
- Stizus ruficornis (J. Forster 1771)
- Stizus rufipes (Fabricius 1804)
- Stizus tricolor hand deer 1892
-
Bembecinus A. Costa, 1859
- Subtribus Trichogorytina Nemkov and Pulawski, 2009
- Trichogorytes Rohwer, 1912
- Subtribus Argogorytina Nemkov and Lelej, 1996
- Tribus Nyssonini Latreille, 1804
- Acanthostethus Smith, 1869
- Antomartinezius Fritz, 1955
-
Brachystegus A. Costa, 1859
- Brachystegus scalaris (Illiger 1807)
- Cresson Godfather, 1938
- Epinysson Godfather, 1935
- Foxia Ashmead, 1898
- Hovanysson Arnold, 1945
- Hyponysson Cresson, 1882
- Idionysson Godfather, 1940
- Losada Godfather, 1940
- Metanysson Ashmead, 1899
- Neonysson R. Bohart, 1968
- Nippononysson Yasumatsu and Maidl, 1936
- Nursea Cameron, 1902
-
Nysson Latreille, [1802] (= Synnevrus A. Costa, 1859),
- Nysson alicantinus Mercet 1909
- Nysson bohemicus Zavadil 1848
- Nysson castellanus Mercet 1909
- Nysson chevrieri cabbage 1879
- Nysson dimidiatus Jurine 1807
- Nysson dusmeti Mercet 1909
- Nysson fraternus Mercet 1909
- Nysson fulvipes A. Costa 1859
- Nysson ganglbaueri Kohl 1912
- Nysson gerstaeckeri Handlirsch 1887
- Nysson hrubanti Balthasar 1972
- Nysson ibericus Handlirsch 1895
- Nysson interruptus (Fabricius 1798)
- Nysson kolazyi hand deer 1887
- Nysson konowi Mercet 1909
- Nysson lapillus Beaumont 1965
- Nysson Laufferi Mercet 1904
- Nysson maculosus (Gmelin 1790)
- Nysson miegi Mercet 1909
- Nysson mimulus Valkeila 1964
- Nysson niger chevrier 1868
- Nysson parietalis Mercet 1909
- Nysson pratensis Mercet 1909
- Nysson pusillus Beaumont 1953
- Nysson quadriguttatus Spinola 1808
- Nysson roubali Zavadil 1937
- Nysson ruthenicus Birula 1912
- Nysson spinosus (J. Forster 1771)
- Nysson susterai Zavadil 1948
- Nysson tridens Gerstaecker 1867
- Nysson trimaculatus (Rossi 1790)
- Nysson varelai Mercet 1909
- Nysson variabilis Chevrier 1867
- Nysson decemmaculatus (Spinola 1808)
- Nysson epeoliformis (F. Smith 1856)
- Nysson militaris (Gerstaecker 1867)
- Nysson monachus (Mercet 1909)
- Perisson Godfather, 1938
- Zanysson Rohwer, 1921
supporting documents
literature
- Manfred Blösch: The digger wasps in Germany: way of life, behavior, distribution . 1st edition. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Wojciech J. Pulawski: Family group names and classification , Version May 22, 2009, Online (PDF; 113 kB), last accessed July 5, 2010.
- ↑ Philanthinae. Fauna Europaea, accessed July 5, 2010 .
- ↑ Manfred Blösch: The digger wasps in Germany: way of life, behavior, distribution . 1st edition. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2 , pp. 354 .
Web links
- Bugguide.net: Subfamily Bembicinae (English)