Bernhard von Mallinckrodt
Bernhard von Mallinckrodt (also: Bernard von Malinkrot , born November 29, 1591 in Ahlen ; † March 7, 1664 at Ottenstein Castle ) was cathedral dean in Münster , was excommunicated and died in custody. In the book index of his extensive library, the term incunable is documented for the first time for the early prints up to 1500.
Live and act
origin
Bernhard von Mallinckrodt came as the son of Heinrich von Mallinckrodt zu Küchen and Dahlhausen (1548-1628) and his wife Remberta von Krevet zu Alfen († 1625) of the Westphalian noble family von Mallinckrodt from the county of Mark , named after the ancestral home of Burg Mallinckrodt . His parents' house was Protestant . His brother Heinrich (1590–1649) was cathedral vicar in Münster and cathedral cantor in Osnabrück, Eberhard (before 1600–1658) cathedral cantor and cathedral waiter in Münster. His nephew Bernhard († 1676) canon in Münster. Bernhard first studied in Osnabrück and Minden , then in Helmstedt , Marburg and finally in Cologne . There he converted to the Catholic faith on March 11, 1616 .
Ascent
After a stay in Rome from 1618 to 1622, von Mallinckrodt went to Münster, where he had meanwhile been appointed canon . In 1623 he was promoted to cathedral dean. When the bishop's chair had to be filled in 1650, Bernhard von Mallinckrodt stood for election, which his nephew and competitor Christoph Bernhard von Galen won. Von Mallinckrodt protested against this decision in Rome and with the emperor. However, the Pope and Emperor confirmed Galen's election. Von Mallinckrodt then refused to recognize the new bishop and on March 6, 1652 was excluded from the choir , chapter , office and benefice, the income of his benefices . His repeated petitions to the Pope and Emperor were rejected. Nevertheless, Bernhard von Mallinckrodt pursued his complaint and was excommunicated on August 26, 1654 by Prince-Bishop von Galen.
Unimpressed by this, von Mallinckrodt now tried to win the people over to his cause. The news of his imminent arrest on October 7, 1654 caused some tumult, under whose protection he escaped to Cologne.
case
Mallinckrodt's activities had meanwhile led to a conflict between the citizenry and the prince-bishop , after which it was resolved on February 25, 1655 to dismiss Mallinckrodts. Nevertheless, von Mallinckrodt returned to Münster in July 1657, where he was arrested a short time later by soldiers of the prince-bishopric, put into custody at Ottenstein Castle and remained there until his death in 1664. Just before he died, his excommunication was lifted.
meaning
Bernhard von Mallinckrodt was certified a great erudition and an immense memory. It was rumored that “ he was able to replace entire books where they were lost in the world with the same aid ”, although he “used to spend almost every day until the evening with loud dining ”.
Von Mallinckrodt owned an extensive library that was publicly auctioned in Münster in 1720; the catalog had 5355 numbers. In the directory that von Mallinckrodt had created of his books, he used the Latin word incunabulae , which means cradle or diaper in the singular, in connection with the origin of the ars typographica for his books that were printed up to the year 1500 . The list of books is the first preserved evidence of the term incunable as a designation for prints from Gutenberg up to the year 1500. An autobiographical manuscript is - according to the ADB - in Münster.
literature
- Elisabeth Bröker: Bernhard von Mallinckrodt until the election of Christoph Bernhard von Galen (1591–1650) . (= Munster contributions to historical research; Issue 25 = Issue 76 of the whole series). Coppenrath, Münster 1939 (also: Münster, Phil. Diss.)
- Server Corsten: From Bernhard von Mallinckrodt to Ludwig Hain. Aims and methods of the early incunabula bibliography . In: Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 70 (1995), pp. 37-50
- Franz Hülskamp : Mallinckrodt, Bernard v. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1884, p. 143.
- Hermann Keussen (ed.): The autobiography of the Münster cathedral dean Bernhard v. Mallinckrodt [1635] . In: Document book d. Family v. Mallinckrodt, Vol. 2, Bonn 1911 [20 pages]
- Wilhelm Kohl: Bernhard von Mallinckrodt, cathedral dean of Münster (1591–1664) . In: Alois Schröes (Ed.): Monasterium. Festschrift to commemorate the seven hundred years of consecration of the Paulus Cathedral in Münster. Regensberg, Münster 1966, pp. 547-566
- Hans Lülfing : Mallinckrodt, Bernhard von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 15, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-428-00196-6 , p. 731 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Karl Tücking : History of the Münster monastery under Christoph Bernhard von Galen . Aschendorff, Münster 1865 ( Google Books )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Gustav von Mallinckrodt: Document book of the von Mallinckrodt family. Second volume: Documents 1581–1650, supplements 1397–1627, revocations, registers, seals and monuments, Carl Georgi Verlag, Bonn 1911 online
- ↑ means here: the place where the dignitaries in the cathedral took their place in a seat reserved for them
- ^ Mallinkrot (Bernard von). In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 19, Leipzig 1739, column 752 f.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mallinckrodt, Bernhard von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Malinkrot, Bernard von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Roman Catholic clergyman |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 29, 1591 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Awls |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 7, 1664 |
| Place of death | Burg Ottenstein |