Bessemer Model G
| Bessemer | |
|---|---|
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| Model G | |
| Manufacturer: | Bessemer Motor Truck Co. |
| Sales designation: |
Model G 1 tone |
| Production period: | 1916-1925 |
| Previous model: | Model B |
| Successor: | Speed truck |
| Technical specifications | |
| Designs: | Canopy handlebars |
| Engines: | Petrol engines from Continental |
| Power: | 18.6 kW |
| Wheelbase: | 3150 mm |
| Payload: | 0.9 t |
The Bessemer Model G is a light truck with a payload of 1 tn. sh. (approx. 0.9 t) from the former US commercial vehicle manufacturer Bessemer Motor Truck Company in Grove City ( Pennsylvania ) and then from the Bessemer-American Motors Corporation in Plainfield ( New Jersey ). Model G has been identified by name from 1918 to 1925, but it is very likely that it came onto the market as early as 1916. A production time until 1925 is documented.
Model history
The Bessemer Motor Truck Company was founded in Grove City, Pennsylvania in 1911 . Trucks with a payload of 1 tn. sh. (approx. 0.9 t ) were part of the delivery program from the start. This first light truck , probably called Model B , had a chain drive and was the smaller of only two models initially. For 1913 it was temporarily replaced by the smaller Model C with 0.75 tn. sh. (approx. 0.7 t) payload and a wheelbase of 108 inches (2743 mm).
Bessemer reorganized its offer for 1916. This largely changed over to shaft drive. In Great Britain , too, such a model with the same engine is documented from 1916 in the Motor, Marine and Aircraft Red Book of 1917, which also contains essential technical data. This is probably one for a payload of 15 cwts. (approx. 0.8 t) loaded version. Another Bessemer truck with this engine is listed there. He had 20 cwts. (1 t) payload and chain drive. This could have been the last Bessemer truck of this type, which is also documented in the USA but is not known by name , the one in the United States with a capacity of 1.5 t. sh. (approx. 1.3 t) was listed.
In the USA there are five Bessemer trucks in 1918 , four of which are named. Model G is the smallest of them. It was probably the longest built model by this manufacturer and still verifiable after the merger to form the Bessemer-American Motors Corporation in 1923 . The last clue is to be found for 1925, where he still considered that is the smallest of now probably three models mentioned with similar specifications as 1918. It is likely that Model G was discontinued after 1926 with the Bessemer Speed Truck a similar model with Six cylinder engine was available.
technology
All Bessemer commercial vehicles were manufactured as assembled vehicles , which means that they were assembled from parts and components from the supplier. This was a widespread method that also enabled smaller suppliers to produce efficiently and profitably. It went beyond the usual use of bought-in bodies or engines and included practically every vehicle part used, from engines and transmissions to superstructures , box frames and axles .
Unfortunately, only incomplete data is available and applies to model year 1918, unless otherwise stated. It can be assumed that they can also be used for most of the other years of construction.
engine
Bessemer also used for the Model G side-valve in-line engines from Continental . They are long-stroke (which at the time was considered beneficial for commercial vehicles). An engine corresponding to the data sheet from 1918 can already be verified in Bessemer trucks from 1916 . For the Model G is a monoblock -Vierzylindermotor with a cast iron - engine block called. The motor has thermosiphon cooling without a water pump , a combined centrifugal and pressure circulation lubrication with an oil pump . He has a Bosch - magneto ignition ; the mixture preparation in 1918 with a Zenith Jet - carburetor and 1925 with one of Stromberg occupied.
The cylinder bore is 3½ inches and the piston stroke is 5 inches. A British source cites the resulting 89 × 127 mm in a model from 1916. The calculated cubic capacity is 3153 cm³ according to the British and 192.4 ci according to the American source.
In published works literature, for example for the annual catalog of the NACC ( National Automobile Chamber of Commerce ), Bessemer mentions an output of 25 bhp (18.6 kW) and an SAE rating , the calculation method of which is not explained. According to the then usual NACC rating (see table in the appendix), the result was 19.6 HP.
Power transmission
The engine was attached to the front. The engine power was transferred to the cardan shaft via a single- disk dry clutch and a manually shiftable Fuller three-speed gearbox with reverse gear (typically with unsynchronized gears) . A Fuller clutch is shown for later models, but there is no information on this for earlier versions. The drive shaft is connected via a differential with internal toothing ( "Internal gear") with the Torbensen - rear axle connected, that also in model J has been used.
Chassis and suspension
The Bessemer Model G is designed as a two-axle vehicle ( wheel formula 4 × 2). A pressed steel frame is noted. In the absence of other information, the design as a conventional ladder frame can be assumed. The wheelbase is specified as 124 inches (3150 mm) for 1918 and 1925. The front axles were all Bessemer -models as I-Beam (Double T) - rigid axles executed. The aforementioned Torbensen rear axle was also rigid. They were suspended from a pair of semi-elliptical springs arranged lengthways per axis.
The wheelbase is 124 inches (3150 mm), which roughly corresponded to a luxury class passenger car of the time. He was approximately 90 cm shorter than that of J . The front and rear track is 56 inches (1422 mm).
The vehicle had a worm steering on the left , shift levers and handbrake levers in the middle, as well as drum brakes on the rear axle. In 1918 the tires were 34 × 3 inches at the front and 34 × 4 inches at the rear; Ross rims with 35 × 5 inch tires are named for 1925 . Pneumatic tires cost extra.
The chassis weighed 2850 lb (1290 kg) and cost US $ 1225.
data sheet
| Data | Model G |
|---|---|
| Payload : | 1 tn. sh. 0.9 t |
| Engine manufacturer: | Continental Motors Company , Muskegon , Michigan (USA) |
| Engine: | Four-cylinder in - line engine , four-stroke |
| Engine block : |
Sack cylinders cast en bloc in gray cast iron |
| Displacement : | 192.4 ci (calculated) 3,153 cm³ (calculated) |
| Bore × stroke : | 3½ x 5 inches 89 x 127 mm |
| Valves: | 2 valves per cylinder |
| Valve control: | SV valve control |
| Rating SAE : | 25 HP |
| Rating NACC : | 19.6 HP |
| Power: | 25 bhp (18.6 kW ) |
| Mixture preparation: | Zenith-Jet carburetor |
| Cooling: | Water cooling , thermosiphon |
| Lubrication: | Centrifugal and pressure circulation lubrication combined with an oil pump |
| Ignition: | Magneto ignition ( Bosch occupied for 1925) |
| Drive formula : | 4 × 2 |
| Drive: | Shaft drive , differential with internal gear ("Internal Gear") |
| Coupling: | Single-disc clutch ( Fuller documented for 1925) |
| Transmission: |
Fuller 3-speed gearbox with reverse gear unsynchronized |
| Front axle: | Rigid axle , I-Beam (double T) , ball joints |
| Rear axle: | Rigid axle, Torbensen double-T |
| Chassis: |
Pressed steel - lead frame , front engine, rear wheel drive, left-hand drive centrally arranged lever and handbrake circuit |
| Wheelbase: | 3150 mm |
| Track width front / rear each: | 1422 mm |
| Front and rear suspension: | Semi-elliptical springs |
| Steering: | Worm steering |
| Brakes: | mechanically operated simplex drum brakes on the rear axle |
| Front tires: | 1918: 34 × 3 1925: 35 × 5 extra pneumatic tires |
| Rear tires: | 1918: 34 × 4 1925: 35 × 5 extra pneumatic tires |
| Weight chassis: | 1290 kg |
| Price chassis: | US $ 1225.00 |
As a result of the conversion of rounded output data , this table may contain sham accuracy .
equipment
Three oil lamps were included in the price. A jack, a tool set and a rim puller were also included.
Remarks
The inch specifications for bore and stroke are usually rounded and only lead to approximate cubic capacities. Nevertheless, it makes sense to list them because they allow conclusions to be drawn about the motor used. Wherever possible, sources have been used instead of conversions.
- ↑ American customs data were usually rounded and shown in fractions . The conversion of the American data into metric mass results in a displacement of 3160 cm³.
- ↑ The NACC rating was a predecessor formula for SAE-PS . The NACC ( National Automobile Chamber of Commerce ) was an association of the automotive industry founded in 1913 and the successor to the ALAM ( Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers ), which was the first to introduce this standard in the US automotive industry in 1903. The formula thus corresponds exactly to the NACC rating, even if the representation in the table has been changed. The rating is calculated; Cylinder bore ² × number of cylinders; the result is divided by 2.5. From this formula SAE-PS were later developed and it is also the basis of the British tax-PS at that time.
- ↑ cf. Table in the appendix.
literature
- George Nicholas Georgano (Ed.), G. Marshall Naul: Complete Encyclopedia of Commercial Vehicles. MBI Motor Books International, Osceola WI 1979, ISBN 0-87341-024-6 . (English)
- Albert Mroz: Illustrated Encyclopedia of American Trucks and Commercial Vehicles. Krause Publications, Iola WI 1996, ISBN 0-87341-368-7 .
- Albert Mroz: American Cars, Trucks and Motorcycles of World War I: Illustrated Histories of 224 Manufacturers. McFarland & Company, Publishers, Jefferson NC 2009, ISBN 978-0-7864-3967-6 .
- John A. Gunnell (Ed.): Standard Catalog of American Light Duty Trucks, 1896-1986. MBI Motor Books International, Osceola WI 1993, ISBN 0-87341-238-9 .
- William Wagner: Continental !: Its Motors and its People. Armed Forces Journal International and Aero Publishers, Fallbrook CA 1983, ISBN 0-8168-4506-9 .
- WC Bersey, A. Dorey (Eds.): The Motor, Marine and Aircraft Red Book 1917. The Technical Publishing Company, Gough Square, Fleet Street, London EC4, 1917.
Web links
- WC Bersey, A. Dorey (Ed.): The Motor, Marine and Aircraft Red Book 1917. S. 148. (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c d e W. C. Bersey, A. Dorey: The Motor, Marine and Aircraft Red Book 1917. p. 148.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l A. Mroz: American Cars, Trucks and Motorcycles of World War I. 2009, p. 27 (Bessemer).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r A. Mroz: Illustrated Encyclopedia of American Trucks and Commercial Vehicles. 1996, p. 33 (Bessemer).
- ↑ Naul Georgiano: Complete Encyclopedia of Commercial Vehicles. 1979, p. 92 (Bessemer).
- ^ JA Gunnell: Standard Catalog of American Light Duty Trucks, 1896-1986. 1993, p. 670 (Bessemer).
- ↑ a b c A. Mroz: American Cars, Trucks and Motorcycles of World War I. 2009, p. 28 (Bessemer).