Beyer from Boppard
The Beyer of Boppard (also Bayer of Boppard ) is from Boppard derived aristocratic family where they were imperial mayor and Erbburggrafen of the former royal family. At the end of the 14th century, the Beyer von Boppard orientated themselves towards Lorraine . Two representatives of her family became Bishops of Metz . However, until the family died out in the 16th century, their headquarters were in Boppard in the Beyerhof. Her family coat of arms was a lion on a silver background.
history
In the 12th century, the main name Konrad can be traced in documents. Their first tangible representative was Conradius de Bopardia. To distinguish him from his father of the same name, he was called Conradius puer (the boy). From this epithet, the surname Bauwarus was possibly formed at the time when knightly families began to develop fixed surnames via name forms such as "Paurus" or "Bauarus". This was then back-translated with "Beyer" or "Bayer". Another possibility for the origin of the surname is that the family came from Bavaria. However, this could just as little be proven as a descent from the places Rheinbay , Hausbay or a connection with the Baybach river .
Konrad, the father of Konrad the boy, held the office of royal mayor in the last years of his life . He died around 1210. Konrad the Young was one of the ministerials who were close to King Philip of Swabia . After his murder he went to his opponent, King Otto IV . As the first in the family he called himself Cunradus Bauvarus in 1216, with the later common family name. He is also explicitly referred to as a knight as the first of the family. In the year 1221 he is recorded as Reichsschöffe in Boppard, around 1224 he probably died.
Both the Beyer von Boppard family and the lower noble von Schöneck family came from Konrad the Younger . For the Beyer von Boppard family, the genealogy for the 12th century could not be completely clarified. A Konrad Beyer was mayor of Boppard from 1234 to 1238. He was probably a son of Konrad the boy. In a certificate from his widow Guda from 1258, his son-in-law, the knight Hermann de Littore, his sons Konrad and Eynolf and his daughter Petrissa, who was a nun in the Tiefenthal monastery , are named. Heinrich I. Beyer is one of the witnesses for this document, who could be proven as a knight in Boppard in 1241. He was the first in the family to use his own seal. This was located on a document about the joint family ownership with those of Schöneck from 1262, which is no longer preserved today. Heinrich died after 1275.
Sophia von Boppard or Sophia Beyer von Boppard is proven to be master of the Marienberg monastery from around 1315 to 1338 at the latest.
It was only from knight Heinrich IV. Beyer von Boppard onwards that the genealogy of Beyer Boppard could be clarified with certainty. In the years 1308 to 1318, i.e. also when Boppard was pledged to the Trier Elector Baldwin of Luxembourg in 1312 , Heinrich IV was Reichsschultheiß in Boppard. In contrast to his fellow Boppard colleagues, he was not prepared to support the resistance of the city of Boppard against the elector. In 1322 Heinrich IV. Trierian mayor of Oberwesel , who soon after gave up the resistance against the elector. His son-in-law Johann von Boppard, son of Cuno among the Jews and Heinrich's daughter Agnes, became mayor of Boppard. A few weeks after Baldwin took the city of Boppard in 1327, Heinrich IV. Beyer von Boppard was enfeoffed with goods and income because of his loyalty. Four years later he was appointed by the elector to hereditary castle count of the royal house no longer used by the elector and he held the house as a fief. Through his previous contacts with King Henry VII and Elector Baldwin, he came into contact with King John of Bohemia , whose vassal he became. He also made feudal ties to the Counts of Katzenelnbogen , the Count Palatine and King Ludwig the Bavarian .
In 1341 Heinrich IV. Hereditary Count of Sterrenberg , Vogt of Hirzenach and a year later bailiff of Oberwesel. In 1343 he became a bailiff over the area of Bacharach , Steeg and Rheinböllen pledged by the Palatinate to Balduin, including the castles of Stahleck , Stahlberg and Braunshorn . In 1346, Henry IV entered the service of the newly elected King Charles IV , through which his family established close ties with the head of the empire. Because of this and with his offices, the Beyer von Boppard had probably reached the climax of their position on the Rhine. From 1349 onwards, Heinrich IV and his sons got into a heated dispute with the Elector Baldwin because of their administration, which ended in a man-made court case against the Beyer. In a mediated by the Count Palatine and by King Charles VI. Confirmed settlement, both sides agreed in 1352 that Heinrich IV. could keep the Trier fiefdom, but had to give up the position of Hereditary Castle Count of Sterrenberg and vacate the Electoral Palatinate pledge in Bacharach and the surrounding area. For a time Heinrich was also a believer of King Charles IV. In 1351 he was personally freed and referred to as a noble (nobilis). In 1355 the elector allowed him to collect customs duties at Boppard. In the same year Heinrich IV died and was the first of the Beyer von Boppard family to be buried in the grave in the Marienberg monastery , with which the family had long enjoyed good relationships.
Heinrich IV's son Simon Beyer von Boppard, who was married to Elisabeth von Rhens, died shortly after Heinrich IV. In 1357. His other son, Heinrich V. Beyer von Boppard, probably died before 1355.
Heinrich VI was one of the grandchildren of Heinrich IV . Beyer von Boppard , Dietrich Beyer von Boppard and Reinbold Beyer von Boppard, who were all sons of Simon Beyer von Boppard and Elisabeth von Rhens. Henry VI. as the eldest son, he took over office and family property from his father and helped the family to regain their reputation. He married Lisa von Lösnich , the daughter of Konrad von Lösnich and widow of Cuno von Pyrmont. This gave him an important position on the Moselle. His brothers became clergy. Dietrich was Bishop of Worms from 1359 to 1365 and then Bishop of Metz until his death . He paved Konrad Beyer von Boppard, the son of Heinrich VI., The way to Lorraine . In 1383 Konrad became the episcopal council of his uncle Dietrich, Bishop of Metz. He married Marie de Parroye. In 1401 Konrad arranged an inheritance division with his sisters Adelheit and Sibylle, thus with Tilmann von Hagen zur Motte, because he had children with a Beyer von Boppard. Tilmann von Hagen and Konrad Beyer von Boppard jointly received the Beyerhof in Boppard. In 1421 King Sigmund made him hereditary baron in Pressburg . A few months later on October 6, 1421, he died and was buried in the family grave in the Marienberg monastery next to his wife, who had died in 1395.
Konrad and his wife Marie had several sons and daughters. The son Konrad II. Beyer von Boppard was bishop of Metz from 1416 until his death in 1459. His daughter Elisabeth Beyer von Boppard married Arnold von Sierck. Their son was Jakob I. von Sierck an elector of Trier. Heinrich VIII. Beyer von Boppard, son of Konrad, was the ancestor of the family. He married Agnes von Ochsenstein and became lord of Castel-Brehain, Unterlandvogt in Alsace and in 1408 councilor to Duke Charles II of Lorraine . He died in 1482. His son Heinrich X. Beyer von Boppard continued the main line of the family. He was Lord of Castel and de la Tour. He died in 1462.
In direct ancestry he was followed by Johann, Lord of Castel and de la Tour († 1498), Adam, Lord of Castel, de la Tour and Lannoy, Lord of Alben, 1508 bailiff of the diocese of Metz. The next representative in the main line of Beyer von Boppard was Johann († 1543), he was followed by Georg, Freiherr von Bruchcastel, de la Tour and Lannoy († before 1555) and Adam († 1573). The last male representative of the Bayer family was Georg Bernhard, who died on October 11, 1598 at the age of 33 in the battle against the Turks. His sister Anna was married to Christoph von Criechingen and Pittingen and his second sister Maria Elisabeth was married to Johann von Chatelet in her first marriage and to Réné von Choiseul and von Clermont in her second marriage. With them, the Beyer von Boppard died out. The various branch lines had already died out in the 15th and 16th centuries.
In the Boppard War of 1497, the Beyer von Boppard, as well as after the pledge of Boppard, sided with the Elector of Trier. Since the Beyer were no longer based in Boppard at that time, they could not be directly involved in fighting. However, the city of Boppard had the royal court of Boppard burned down for security reasons. Because of this, the Beyer later sued for damages and received the right. The attack on the Beyerhof on Epiphany 1501 under the leadership of Johann von Eltz can also be seen in this context .
coat of arms
The main coat of arms of the Beyer von Boppard was a black lion with a crown and in silver. The blazon reads: “In silver a black, red armored and tongued, gold crowned lion. On the helmet with black and silver covers a growing black, red armored and tongued, golden crowned lion's trunk between a silver flight. "
The Metzenhaus family from Boppard used the same coat of arms. With a lion without a crown, the coat of arms of the Kolb families from Boppard and the von der Pforte were worn.
Konrad Beyer, one of the sons from his marriage to Lisa von Lösnich , quartered the Beyer family coat of arms with that of the Knights of Lösnich , which his mother wielded. The coat of arms of the von Lösnich family was a silver women's arm with hanging sleeves in red.
The coat of arms of Kunigunde, a great-granddaughter of Heinrich VI. Beyer von Boppard, which can be seen on her grave slab, has the Beyer family coat of arms at the top right, below that of the von Lösnich family and on the left is the coat of arms of her husband Adam I. Kämmerer von Worms called von Dalberg .
Burial place
Since Heinrich IV. The Beyer von Boppard family had a burial place in the Marienberg monastery . In addition to Heinrich IV. Heinrich VI. buried with his wife Lisa and Konrad with his wife Merga. The three grave slabs of the deceased originally stood in the chapter house of the monastery after its abolition they were attached to the wall of the southern porch. In April 1914, they were sold to the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum in Berlin by the director of the then Kaltwasseranstalt Marienberg, along with other grave slabs .
The epitaph of Adelheid Beyer von Boppard, daughter of Heinrich VI. his wife Lisa, also originally hung in the chapter house. After the abolition of the monastery, it was also attached to the wall of the south porch. In contrast to the significantly larger grave slabs mentioned above, the epitaph is still there today.
Kunigunde Beyer von Boppard, daughter of Henry VIII and his wife Agnes, who died in 1477, is also buried in Marienberg. Her grave slab is still in its original location, flush with the wall of the north cloister wing.
In addition, the nun of the Marienberg Monastery Maria Beyer von Boppard, who died in 1553, was buried in the burial place. It is noteworthy that she shares a memorial stone with another former nun of the monastery, who died on the same day.
Next to the high altar on the Gospel side of the Marienberg monastery church was a plaque of Georg Beyer von Boppard, son from the marriage of Adam Beyer von Boppard with Maria von Malberg. It is unclear, however, whether Georg was buried in Marienberg. Although the plaque survived the demolition of the church in 1802 and could still be found in the monastery area in 1856, it is now considered lost.
Headquarters
The ancestral seat of the Beyer von Boppard was located between the Eltzer Hof , the Judengasse and the Christengasse in Boppard, although the Beyer had lived mainly in Lorraine from the end of the 14th century until the aristocratic family died out in the 16th century . Today's Bayerhofgasse led directly to the courtyard. With the exception of a few remains, the Adelshof has gone down today.
After the male line of Beyer von Boppard died out, the royal court and the Beyerhof went to Christoph von Criechingen and Pittingen Johann von Chatelet, each of whom was married to a sister of the late Georg Bernhard Beyer von Boppard. For the year 1663 it could be proven that the two farms were owned by Philipp Franz von Sötern. He sold both farms in 1663 to Johann Philipp von Walderdorff . The administrator Hugo Peter Herger in Boppard has confirmed that both farms were still owned by the von Walderdorff family in 1789. Herger describes in his notes the Beyerhof as a stone remnant of an old castle. This is said to have had a courtyard house, a stable and small gardens. On the other side of Judengasse there was another house square. For the year 1827, the farmer Jakob Haebel is named as the owner of a large part of the Beyerhof.
Say
Foundation of the Marienberg Monastery
According to a legend, the Marienberg monastery was founded by Konrad Beyer von Boppard. Since his friends had made him do it, he returned the vows to his bride Maria in the early 12th century. Although he was quick to regret it, he was too proud to admit it. Then Konrad Beyer von Boppard was challenged to a duel by Maria disguised as a man. In this duel Konrad killed the beloved Maria. After he realized who he had killed, the Marienberg monastery was built. Then Konrad Beyer von Boppard went to war to die.
The enemy brothers
The Enemy Brothers are a German legend that originated in the late 16th century about the castles of Sterrenberg and Liebenstein, which are located next to each other . According to legend, the two castles belonged to the Beyer von Boppard family and were inhabited by the siblings Heinrich and Konrad von Beyer. These came into enmity because they both fell in love with Hildegard Brömser.
family tree
In this family tree the main line of Beyer von Boppard begins with Heinrich IV. Beyer von Boppard († 1355). The depiction ends with Heinrich X. Beyer von Boppard († 1462).
| Heinrich IV. Beyer von Boppard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heinrich V. Beyer von Boppard | Simon Beyer from Boppard | Elisabeth von Rhens | Agnes Beyer from Boppard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry VI. Beyer from Boppard | Lisa von Lösnich | Dietrich Beyer from Boppard | Reinbold Beyer from Boppard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Konrad Beyer from Boppard | Merga from Parroye | Adelheit Beyer von Boppard | Sibylle Beyer from Boppard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heinrich VIII. Beyer von Boppard | Agnes von Ochsenstein | Konrad II. Beyer von Boppard | Andreas Beyer from Boppard | Dietrich Beyer from Boppard | Elisabeth Beyer from Boppard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heinrich X. Beyer von Boppard | Konrad Beyer from Boppard | Simon Beyer from Boppard | Johann Beyer von Boppard | Kunigunde Beyer from Boppard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Heinz E. Missling (Ed.): Boppard. History of a city on the Middle Rhine. First volume. From the early days to the end of the electoral rule . Dausner Verlag, Boppard 1997, ISBN 3-930051-04-4 , p. 156-157 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Ferdinand Pauly : Der Hof der Bayer zu Boppard . In: Contributions to the history of the city of Boppard 1 . Rhine printing Boppard, Boppard 1989.
- ↑ Otto Volk: Boppard in the Middle Ages . In: Heinz E. Missling (Ed.): Boppard. History of a city on the Middle Rhine. First volume. From the early days to the end of the electoral rule . Dausner Verlag, Boppard 1997, ISBN 3-930051-04-4 , p. 340-341 .
- ↑ The Manngericht was "an" from the later Middle Ages until 1741 originally an ordinary court of the landed gentry, then only with voluntary jurisdiction concerning the estates. " In: Erich Bayer (Hrsg.): Dictionary of history. Terms and technical terms (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 289). 3rd, revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-520-28903-2 , p. 348.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Otto Volk: Boppard in the Middle Ages . In: Heinz E. Missling (Ed.): Boppard. History of a city on the Middle Rhine. First volume. From the early days to the end of the electoral rule . Dausner Verlag, Boppard 1997, ISBN 3-930051-04-4 , p. 216-220 .
- ↑ a b rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de
- ^ Loutsch: Armorial communal du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. 1989, ISBN 2-87969-000-5 .
- ↑ a b c Eberhard J. Nikitsch: DI 60, No. 92 . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di060mz08k0009206 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ Eberhard J. Nikitsch: DI 60, No. 43 . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di060mz08k0004309 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ a b c d e f Eberhard J. Nikitsch: DI 60, No. 56 . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di060mz08k0005600 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ a b c Eberhard J. Nikitsch: DI 60, No. 65 . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di060mz08k0006509 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ a b Eberhard J. Nikitsch: DI 60, No. 67 . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di060mz08k0006705 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ Eberhard J. Nikitsch: DI 60, No. 200 † . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di060mz08k0020009 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ Eberhard J. Nikitsch: DI 60, No. 258 † . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di060mz08k0025808 ( inschriften.net ).
- ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I. . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 425-426 .
- ↑ Dirk Jasper: Marienberg Monastery: Old Benedictine monastery. Mehr-Hunsrück, archived from the original on June 26, 2011 ; Retrieved May 27, 2013 .
- ↑ a b deutsche-biographie.de
- ↑ a b saarland-biografien.de ( Memento from August 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ A b Wolf-Heino Struck: The Archdiocese of Trier. Walter de Gruyter, 1986, ISBN 3110108291 , p. 204.