Bismarckplatz (Mainz)
The Bismarckplatz ( ) is an important place in terms of building culture and urban development in Mainz-Neustadt . The square was designated a monument zone in 1995 due to its social and urban history . Bismarckplatz is named after Otto von Bismarck , the founder and Chancellor of the German Empire . With a stop for buses operated by the Mainzer Verkehrsgesellschaft and the Mainz tram , the square also fulfills an important traffic function in the state capital's public transport network. There is also a small park in the eastern part with trees, bushes, shrubs and some benches.
history
The planning of the development of the area around Bismarckplatz began at the end of the 19th century. It was planned according to a contemporary idea of a square with radiant streets. City architect and thus responsible for the redesign of the area was Eduard Kreyssig . The character of the area developed with the construction of the cattle yard and slaughterhouse . The settlement of companies made the district a focus of trade and industry. Apartment houses were only built for a few families. In addition, from 1900 to 1903 the Alice barracks for the infantry body regiment “Grand Duchess” (3rd Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 117 was built. On March 11, 1901, the place was given the name Otto von Bismarcks.
After the First World War , social housing began in Mainz-Neustadt: more residential buildings were built in blocks and the gaps on Bismarckplatz were closed. Three years after the end of the World War, the construction of a massive building complex began on Kaiser-Karl-Ring. The developer was the company for the construction of small apartments, a forerunner of today's Mainz housing , which was founded towards the end of the First World War. Today only the block of houses at Kreyssigstrasse 44 of the building complex has been preserved, which has a high monument value due to its striking gable . In 1924 the construction of apartments began at Richard-Wagner Strasse 1 to 7. These houses were badly damaged and destroyed in the Second World War . Despite everything, the monument value and the uniqueness of the objects have been preserved in the post-war period . The houses Bismarckplatz 2 with Barbarossaring 12/14 and Moltkestrasse 13/15, Bismarckplatz 4/6 with Kreyssigstrasse 9 and Moltkestrasse 12/14 as well as Richard-Wagner-Strasse 2 to 6 were built. 10 with Holsteinstrasse 1 to 5 and Moltkestrasse 13/15. The principal of these houses was the Mainz Reich Property Office . They were built around 1925. In addition, the house of Kaiser-Karl-Ring 6a, 7 to 11 and Richard-Wagner-Straße 9 to 13 with Kreyzigerstraße 11 were built at the beginning of the 20th century.
architecture
The square is located in the northern part of Mainz Neustadt. The layout of the Bismarckplatz is constructed in the manner of a polygon . It is bordered by Richard-Wagner-Strasse in the north, Kreyssigstrasse in the northeast, Corneliusstrasse in the east, Moltkestrasse in the south and Barbarossaring and Kaiser-Karl-Ring in the west, into which Hattenbergstrasse joins at Bismarckplatz. The lavishly laid out streets Richard-Wagner- and Moltkestrasse were intentionally laid out by Eduard Kreyssig to connect the large squares in Mainz-Neustadt. They connect Bismarckplatz with Goetheplatz and Bonifaziusplatz. Hattenbergstrasse, which joins Barbarossa and Kaiser-Karl-Ring at Bismarckplatz, was originally built as an arterial road ; In the end, however, it was unable to fulfill its original task, as it was not possible to break through the Rheingau Wall.
The buildings around Bismarckplatz show a continuous similarity and the same construction method: almost all houses have four to five storeys. In addition, they are mostly plastered . As a roof they have a hipped roof . The façades on the ground floors are above average, and some houses have blind niches with round arches . The upper floors usually have the same structures, although they are usually designed differently than the representative ground floors. The most noticeable things that the buildings have in common are the unadorned window frames and the window bars. In addition, there are shutters on almost all of the highest floors . In addition, many buildings have bay windows , eye-catching doors and roof decorations, but these differ in all buildings.
Significant structures
The house at Bismarckplatz 2 was built in the perimeter block development at the same time as the corner house facing Barbarossaring and Moltkestrasse in 1925. The building has the other house numbers 12 and 14 in Barbarossaring and 13 and 15 in Moltkestrasse. The house was built with four floors. In 1946 another storey was added. The southern part of the building on Woynastraße was rebuilt six years later with seven floors. The building was also equipped with plastered construction and a strikingly distinctive facade. The facade has pilasters and balustrades with crowns , and there is a large box-shaped bay window facing Moltkestrasse.
In addition, the building with the house numbers Bismarckplatz 4/6 with Kreyzigerstraße 9, Moltkestraße 12/14 and Richard-Wagner-Straße 2 to 6 characterizes the monument zone Bismarckstraße with great influence. Construction began in 1925 and lasted until 1927. The building was built by "Schütz & Dyrauf" as part of social housing. This building was also built in the perimeter block development. The house has an inner courtyard, as the side facing the adjacent Corneliusstrasse, unlike the other sides, has not been built on. The house has a bay with numerous ornaments . The ground floor and the fourth floor are structurally separated. The windows sit in a wall niche , have window bars and have a strong contrast to other windows in the monument zone. In addition, the building has side oriels typical for the time in the 1920s with subdivisions and partially well-preserved front doors and gables.
See also
literature
- Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: pp. 52-54. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
Web links
- Bismarckplatz on mainz-neustadt.de
- Informational directory of the cultural monuments of the district-free city of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) published by the General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: pp. 52-54. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
- ^ Ordinance of June 7, 1995 by Mayor Herman-Hartmut Weyel
- ↑ a b c Bismarckplatz ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on mainz-neustadt.de
Coordinates: 50 ° 0 ′ 45 " N , 8 ° 14 ′ 56.9" E