Millet

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Millet
Green millet (Setaria viridis)

Green millet ( Setaria viridis )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Panicoideae
Genre : Millet
Scientific name
Setaria
P.Beauv.

The plant genus of the bristle millet ( Setaria ) belongs to the subfamily Panicoideae within the sweet grass family (Poaceae). They are widespread from the temperate areas through the subtropics to the tropics and on cultivated land or on ruderal areas .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Bristle millet species are annual or perennial herbaceous plants . The stalks have nodes ( Nodien ).

The leaves are divided into leaf sheath and leaf blade. Their leaf sheaths are open, glabrous and hairy at most above and on the edges. The ligules form a dense ring of hair with a membranous base.

Generative characteristics

The spike-shaped, panicle inflorescence is dense or spread out. The long bristles at the base of the spikelets correspond to reduced panicle branches. The long bristle hairs are covered with bristle hairs pointing forwards or backwards and stop after the spikelet falls off. The spikelets are elliptical, domed on one side and two-flowered. The lower flower is male or sterile , the upper hermaphrodite . The lower glume is three-veined and up to half as long as the spikelet. The upper glume is five to seven-veined and half to as long as the spikelet. The lemma of the lower flower is as long as the spikelet, that of the upper flower as long as the spikelet or a little shorter, five-veined, boat-shaped, indurated, smooth or wrinkled and with its side surfaces surrounding the palea . The palea is two-veined, hardened, smooth or wrinkled. There are three stamens .

The fruit is almost as long as the flower and is enclosed by the hardened cover and palea.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Setaria was established in 1812 by Ambroise Marie François Joseph Palisot de Beauvois . Synonyms for Setaria P.Beauv. nom. cons. are: Acrochaete Peter non Pringsheim , Camusiella Bosser , Chaetochloa Scribn. , Cymbosetaria Schweick. , Tansaniochloa Rauschert .

The genus Setaria belongs to the tribe Paniceae in the subfamily Panicoideae within the family Poaceae .

The genus Setaria is distributed almost worldwide from the temperate regions to the subtropics and the tropics . Four to nine species occur in Europe , four to eight in Germany , 43 in Africa , 18 in temperate Asia , 16 in tropical Asia, 16 in Australasia , nine on Pacific islands , 27 in North America and in South America 48 species before. Some Setaria species thrive on cultivated land or on ruderal areas in many areas of the world.

Millet ( Setaria italica )
Red millet ( Setaria pumila )
Whiskered millet ( Setaria verticillata )
Green millet ( Setaria viridis )

The genus Setaria includes 100 to 180 species:

swell

  • Setaria. 2010 In: WD Clayton, K. T Harman, H. Williamson: GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. from 2006 continuously updated, accessed May 1, 2011 (sections description, species and distribution)

literature

  • Monika Voggesberger: Setaria Beauv. 1812. In: Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 7 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclasses Alismatidae, Liliidae part 1, Commelinidae part 1): Butomaceae to Poaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3316-4 , pp. 221-229 .
  • Shou-liang Chen, Sylvia M. Phillips: Setaria. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 22: Poaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2006, ISBN 1-930723-50-4 , pp. 531 (English, online ). (Sections Description and Distribution)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Setaria. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  2. ^ A b Setaria in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
  3. ^ William Derek Clayton: Setaria Beauv. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1980, ISBN 0-521-20108-X , pp. 263–264 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
  4. ↑ a b Benito Valdés, Hildemar Scholz; Eckhard von Raab-Straube, Gerald Parolly (collaborators): Poaceae (pro parte majore). Setaria. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2009. Last accessed on December 21, 2014.
  5. ↑ a b c d e Rolf Wisskirchen, Henning Haeupler: Standard list of fern and flowering plants in Germany. With chromosome atlas . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 1 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3360-1 , p. 473-474 .
  6. ^ A b Karl Peter Buttler, Michael Thieme and colleagues: Florenliste von Deutschland - Vascular Plants, Version 6. Frankfurt am Main, August 2014, published on the Internet under [1] . Last accessed on December 21, 2014.
  7. ↑ a b c Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 , pp. 1742-1743.

Web links

Commons : Millet ( Setaria )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files