Botanical garden of the city of Linz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A pond in the open-air area of ​​the Botanical Garden

The botanical garden of the city of Linz goes back to the year 1853 and was opened in 1952 at its current location. On an area of ​​4.2 hectares there are more than 10,000 different plant species , with the greatest focus being on the cacti and orchid collection. In addition to the narrower complex, a 14-hectare arboretum not far from the main site is part of the botanical garden.

history

The origins of the botanical garden of the city of Linz go back to the maintenance of a botanical garden next to the Kollegium Aloisianum , a high school of the Jesuit order , on the Freinberg .

In 1926 the city took over Linz to 1869 built the Botanical Garden of the Association of Natural History at the Dinghoferstraße as a public institution, which, however, in 1937 the building of the result of the sale of the site by the city of Linz to the association of doctors and the establishment of Medical Association of Upper Austria soft had . The plant stocks were taken over by the city nursery, but most of the plants fell victim to the destruction during the Second World War .

After the war, the state school board for Upper Austria submitted an application to the mayor of Linz for the construction of a new botanical garden in 1946, whereupon a 1.8 hectare area on Roseggerstraße on the Gugl was dedicated to the construction of a new garden. In 1952, the public botanical garden was finally opened in its current location by Mayor Ernst Koref . The area was expanded for the first time in 1961 through basic purchases. In 1963 the International Organization for Succulent Research (IOS) declared the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz to be the fourth European sponsor of a protective and type of plant collection for cacti . The extended area was opened in 1965 and in the same year a second land parcel was purchased.

A year later, with the creation of the rose garden, the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz reached its present size of around 4.2 hectares. In the following years there were numerous conversions and new constructions of greenhouses , work and administration buildings. In 2000, the garden was enriched by the construction of an open-air stage with 100 seats, a seminar room and a café, so that further cultural events could be held. After the botanical garden was merged with the natural history station of the city of Linz as part of an internal government restructuring, in 2007 a natural garden with an insect hotel, beehive showcase, natural stone wall, hedgehog shelter and other animal houses brought greater emphasis to the fauna in Linz Garden.

location

The Botanical Garden of the City of Linz is around 4.2 hectares in size on the Gugl in the Römerberg-Margarethen district of Linz between Roseggerstrasse and Kapuzinerstrasse in the immediate vicinity of the Linz stadium . The garden is open all year round and can be reached on the Linz Linien public transport by bus 27 ( Botanischer Garten stop ), and there are also some parking spaces available.

Outline of the plant

The Botanical Garden of the City of Linz can be roughly divided into an outdoor area and a greenhouse area ; In addition, an arboretum located outside, but near the actual garden, on the southwest slope of the Freinberg belongs to the complex. In addition to the usual work and administration buildings, the botanical garden includes an open-air stage, a seminar room, a garden shop and a garden café.

Outdoor installation

Magnolia tree in the botanical garden of the city of Linz

The open-air facility is thematically and geographically divided into 31 areas.

In the entrance area there is the ornamental plant , the flower beds of which are planted differently depending on the season. This is followed by the sunken garden , which is planted with various perennials . In the areas of swamp meadow , alluvial forest , limestone beech forest and acidic mixed forest , the native flora is shown in selected sections, including protected and endangered plants. In the area of useful and medicinal plants, there are plants such as oil, fiber, coloring, luxury food, aromatic plants and medicinal herbs, on which hereditary laws and crossbreeding examples are shown on the basis of cultivated races and stem forms. This area, together with the vegetable plants area , which is made up of both known and rare vegetable plants, forms the useful plants department. From time to time special exhibitions are held in this department.

In the system garden there are mainly hardy plants, based on which the family tree of the plant kingdom is represented. The natural garden , which was created in 2007 as a result of the amalgamation of the natural history station and the botanical garden, offers wildlife habitats rich in species. Facilities for the protection of useful small animals are shown here, which contribute to the natural reduction of pests. The bank and water plants are in the area of ​​the source stream and the two small ponds; swords and daylilies in particular can be found here. In contrast to the marshland, there are numerous warmth-loving plants in the iris and steppe plants that require long periods of drought. The Heidegarten is in the areas Schneeheide and heather divided and the essential components showing typical heath with nutrient-poor and acidic soils. In the rose garden or rosarium there are many different types of roses, including those that are no longer commercially available today.

In the areas of American woody plants , forest flora of America , Asian woody plants and peonies , forest flora of Asia and forest flora of the Caucasus-Rhododendron-Slope , evergreen deciduous trees and various shade plants of the respective regions are represented. Around 600 different plant species from the mountain regions of all continents can be found in the Alpinum . There are also areas for the Pannonian flora , plants from Africa and a Japanese slope in the style of the Japanese garden . Other areas include the Narzissenwiese which Farngrund that Wiesmoor and the Biological group . In addition to presenting purely botanical attractions, the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz also tries to unite nature and culture by placing sculptures by Austrian artists in the area of ​​the so-called sculpture path. There is also an area dedicated to geology . A sun terrace designed with plants is available for visitors to relax .

Greenhouse plant

The greenhouse complex consists of five greenhouses.

The entrance house serves as a link between the greenhouses. It contains carnivorous plants , cold house orchids and a water basin with tropical water lilies . A wide variety of tropical useful and ornamental plants grow in the tropical house , including giant water lilies with leaves up to 1.8 meters in size. The internationally important cactus protection collection is located in the succulent house . The second important collection and at the same time the trademark of the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz, the Orchid Collection , is located in the Orchid House . The cold house is mainly used to overwinter container plants ; Various temporary exhibitions are also held here.

Arboretum

In addition to the facilities located on the closer site of the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz, an arboretum on the southwest slope of the Freinberg is also part of the institution. It is a collection of around 700 different species and varieties of woody plants from all over the world, which is used to gain knowledge about the suitability of the plants for use. The approx. 14 hectare area was bought by the city of Linz in the 1950s.

Offers and activities

In addition to guided tours through the garden, practical courses and advisory activities, various other cultural events are also offered; Lectures, nature and art exhibitions, seminars, concerts, readings and children's programs take place regularly. The events are not limited to purely botanical offers, as it is a central concern of the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz to combine nature and culture .

Publications

  • Magistrate of the state capital Linz, city gardens, botanical garden and natural history station : Natural history yearbook of the city of Linz. Linz 1955–2004 ( online at ZOBODAT ).
  • Werner Weissmair, Herbert Rubenser, Rudolf Schauberger, Martin Brader: Linzer Breeding Birds Atlas (= Natural History Yearbook of the City of Linz. Volume 46–47). Linz 2001, 318 pages ( online PDF only in black and white on ZOBODAT ).
  • Magistrate of the state capital Linz, city gardens, botanical garden and natural history station: reports for ecology and nature conservation of the city of Linz. Linz 2007–2012 ( online on ZOBODAT ).
  • Magistrate of the state capital Linz, city gardens, botanical garden and natural history station: newsletter of the botanical garden Linz. Linz since 2005 ( online on ZOBODAT ).

literature

  • Maria Baumgartner, Josef Pausch (Art University and Botanical Garden): Indoor - outdoor . Art University, Linz 2003, ISBN 3-90111-228-9 .
  • Susanne Gillhofer, Pepi Maier: Sculpture Park Botanical Garden Linz. Culture Office, Linz 2000.
  • Sigurd Lock: Tour of the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz. Trauner, Linz 1978, 2nd revised edition.
  • Sigurd Lock: Flowers and leaves from the Botanical Garden of the City of Linz. Trauner, Linz 1981, ISBN 3-85320-236-5 .
  • Marga Persson (Ed.): [Re] view artenlustgarten. Exhibition and fashion performance in the Botanical Garden Linz 2005. Art University, Linz 2006, ISBN 3-90111-234-0 .
  • Matthias Schindegger: New construction of the natural history station and botanical garden in Linz as a low-energy building. Diploma thesis at the Technical University of Vienna, Vienna 1995.

Web links

Commons : Botanischer Garten (Linz)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d History of the Linz Botanical Garden. In: botanischergarten.linz.at. Accessed January 1, 2020 .
  2. ^ Theodor Kerschner : The old botanical garden and the association for natural history. In: Historisches Jahrbuch der Stadt Linz 1952. Linz 1953, S. 37 ff ( online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at).
  3. ↑ Botanical Garden - Arboretum - Trees and Shrubs. In: botanischergarten.linz.at. Accessed January 1, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Botanical Garden - experience of the senses. In: botanischergarten.linz.at. Accessed January 1, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Events of the Botanical Garden. In: botanischergarten.linz.at. Accessed January 1, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Linz breeding bird atlas. In: linz.at. Retrieved May 1, 2020 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 17 ′ 45.2 "  N , 14 ° 16 ′ 36.6"  E