Fire site
| Fire site | |
|---|---|
 |
|
.JPG) |
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| Basic data | |
| place | Vienna |
| District | Inner city |
| Created | 1875 |
| Connecting roads | Tuchlauben , Stephansplatz |
| Cross streets | Kühfußgasse, Wildpretmarkt, Farmer's Market , Kramergasse, Rotenturmstrasse |
| Buildings | Zacherlhaus , Gundelhof |
| use | |
| User groups | Car traffic , bicycle traffic , pedestrians , bus routes 1A, 2A and 3A |
| Road design | one way street |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | approx. 206 m |
The fire site is a street in the center of the inner city of Vienna . It connects Stephansplatz with the Tuchlauben . Its name goes back to a square that was created by a fire around 1390, which was built on in the course of the Gründerzeit redesign of the area around St. Stephen's Cathedral .
history
The area west of St. Stephen's Church to the opposite castle wall was originally and still not built up in 1260. It was not until 1326 that a row of houses called Unter den Drechslern was found in front of this section of the wall . It burned down around 1390 and was not rebuilt. In their place a free space was created, which was first called Brandstatt in 1393 .
The historic Brandstatt was surrounded by houses on three sides and open to St. Stephen's Church. There were general stores here and, since 1421, exchange benches, which until then had been on the Hoher Markt . The turners, on the other hand, were moved to the Stock-im-Eisen-Platz . Until 1444 tournament games were held on Shrove Tuesday in the presence of the mayor, which were called Bürgerstechen . Later, a clothing market took place on the Brandstatt. Around 1560 the square was built according to plan and also closed off from St. Stephen's Church by a long, narrow building, creating a kind of inner courtyard in the approximate shape of an elongated rectangle parallel to the main facade of the cathedral. The now closed square was accessible from Stephansplatz through two uncovered gates.
In the 16th century, mainly wooden goods were sold at the Brandstatt, as pointed out by Wolfgang Schmeltzl , among others, in his poem Wiener Lobspruch . In the 18th century the square around was occupied by shops. Because of the poultry market held here , the goose girl fountain created by Anton Paul Wagner was set up in 1866 , but was removed again in 1874.
Before it was demolished, the courtyard was surrounded by seven houses: These were demolished around 1873 and the entire courtyard area was built up by eight palatial apartment buildings of great size and even greater splendor . Jasomirgottstraße and today's fire site were created to limit these new buildings from the Wilhelminian era. This was opened in 1876 and named in memory of the historic square that was previously there. It initially extended from Stephansplatz to the farmers' market . In 1905 it was extended to the Tuchlauben .
Location and characteristics
The fire site runs from the northern corner of Stephansplatz in a north-westerly direction to the Tuchlauben . Its entire length is a one-way street towards Stephansplatz . It is heavily frequented by pedestrians as a shopping street as well as by motor traffic. The three inner-city bus routes 1A, 2A and 3A also operate here, with stops at the beginning and end of the street.
Due to a fire towards the end of the Second World War, a large part of the development along the fire site had to be renewed after the war. In addition to Wilhelminian style buildings and the Zacherlhaus (Brandstätte 6), one of the most important Art Nouveau buildings in Vienna, there are mainly younger buildings here. Worth mentioning are the new Gundelhof (Brandstätte 5), which was built in 1949 in the style of Viennese post-war modernism , as well as the Brandstätte 7/9 house, which was groundbreaking for the architecture of the 1960s and which houses the Café Korb .
Building
No. 1: Kardinal-Innitzer-Hof
In the place of the house was the Bauernfeind house, built in 1560, which separated the Stephansfreithof from the Brandstatt. It was elongated, had a passage and bordered the house at Rotenturmstrasse 1. It was named after the councilor Georg Bauernfeind, who bought it in 1697. In the course of the redesign of the Brandstatt, a magnificent semi-detached house was built in its place in 1874, designed by Wilhelm Fraenkel . Until December 15, 1918, the well-known Café de l'Europe of the charitable coffee maker Leopold Riedl (1858–1919) was located here, as was the old field pharmacy . In April 1945 this building was destroyed by fire. In its place, Josef Vytiska built today's Kardinal-Innitzer-Hof in 1952. On its facade there is a mosaic with the coat of arms of Theodor Innitzer . The building is at the main address Stephansplatz 8-8a.
No. 2: John F. Kennedy House
The building was built in 1964 by Georg Lippert and Viktor Mittag . A plaque with a bronze relief by Ferdinand Welz commemorates John F. Kennedy . There used to be a house here since 1401, which in the 19th century was called Zum Primate of Hungary after a sign for a cloth shop that had become popular in the 19th century . It was connected to the Bauernfeind house by a flying buttress . On the side of the fire place was the bookshop of the brothers Leonhard and Lukas Alantsee. In 1877 the house was torn down and replaced from 1882–1883 by the Thonethof , which the architects Ferdinand Fellner the Younger and Hermann Helmer built. This building also fell victim to the flames in April 1945. The house is at the main address Rotenturmstrasse 1–3.
No. 3: residential building
The house was built in 1951 by Josef Vytiska . It shows a sgraffito at the height of the entire central risalit with historical scenes that relate to the place of the fire place, including the fire of 1276 and the civil stinging.
No. 4: House
The building between Kramergasse and Bauernmarkt was built in 1955 by the architects Siegfried Theiss , Hans Jaksch , Walter Jaksch, Bruno Doskar and Norbert Schlesinger . The two-storey business zone is originally preserved with marble pillars and box-like anodized window frames.
No. 5: Gundelhof
The old Gundelhof was located in the place of today's corner house, built in 1949 . The St. Thomas Chapel in it was mentioned as early as 1343. In the Biedermeier period , the Sonnleithnersche Salon was located here , where Franz Schubert and his friends, Franz Grillparzer and Caroline Pichler , frequented. In the 1850s, Clara Schumann , Johannes Brahms and Joseph Joachim were among those involved in demanding musical soirees. The most recently owned by Salomon Rothschild house located was a 1877 late nineteenth replaced new building, which burned down in 1945 and 1949 in the style of Viennese post-war modernism was rebuilt.
No. 6 Zacherlhaus
This building between the farmer's market and the wild game market was built by Jože Plečnik in the Art Nouveau style between 1903 and 1905 . The striking, monumental copper statue of Archangel Michael by Ferdinand Andri (1909) is located on the facade facing the fire site .
The building is located at the main address Wildpretmarkt 2-4.
No. 7/9: residential building
The monumental office and residential building between Bauernmarkt and Kühfußgasse, freestanding on three sides, was built between 1958 and 1962 by the architects Wiser, Paul Pfaffenbichler and Bamer. The base shows grooved granite slabs, the upper floors are structured with pilaster strips and decorated with mosaics. Inside, the marble-clad staircase is remarkable, the railings of which have been preserved in the original. Café Korb is located on the corner of the Tuchlauben .
No. 8: To the red hedgehog
The building was erected by Franz Riess in 1904–1906 . After war damage, however, the facade decor was greatly reduced. A large majolica relief on the red hedgehog by Hugo Kirsch, which is reminiscent of the previous building, has been preserved. The house is at the main address Wildpretmarkt 1.
No. 10: Mattonihof
The Mattonihof was built between 1885 and 1886 by Gustav Korompay in the late historical style in place of the old music club building. The Strampfer Theater was located here from 1871 to 1884 . The building is at the main address Tuchlauben 12.
literature
- Wilhelm Maximilian Kisch : The old streets and squares of Vienna , Vienna 1883.
- Felix Czeike (Ed.): Brandstätte. In: Historisches Lexikon Wien . Volume 1, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-218-00543-4 , p. 442 ( digitized version ).
- Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch Wien. I. District - Inner City . Verlag Berger, Horn 2003, ISBN 3-85028-366-6 , pp. 657-658.
- Richard Perger: streets, towers and bastions. The road network of the Vienna City in its development and its name . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-7005-4628-9 , pp. 26-27.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Richard Perger: Streets, towers and bastions: The street network of the Vienna city in its development and its name. A manual . F. Deuticke, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-7005-4628-9 .
- ^ Wilhelm Maximilian Kisch: The old streets and squares of Vienna, Vienna (1883) 88.
- ↑ The end of the “Café de l'Europe”. (With a photograph). In: Wiener Bilder , No. 50/1918 (XXIIIth year), December 15, 1918, p. 7 middle. (Online at ANNO ). .
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 34.1 ″ N , 16 ° 22 ′ 19.8 ″ E